玉米大豆带状复合种植模式下不同株高玉米品种搭配对群体冠层光分布及玉米光合特性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.23.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 探究在玉米大豆带状复合种植模式下，不同株高玉米品种搭配对群体冠层光分布及光资源利用的调控效应。【方法】 于2023—2024年，以不同株高的4个玉米品种为试验材料，包括矮秆品种MY73、登海605（DH605）和高秆品种京科968（JK968）、先玉1466（XY1466）及大豆齐黄34。设置不同间作模式：4行均为同一玉米品种为对照（S-MY、S-DH、S-JK、S-XY），4行密度均为6.75万株/hm²和高矮秆品种搭配（中间行为高秆品种JK968，边行为矮秆品种MY73：MY-JK-1、MY-JK-2；中间行为高秆品种XY1466，边行为矮秆品种DH605：DH-XY-1、DH-XY-2），同时设置2种种植密度：4行密度均为6.75万株/hm²（MY-JK-1、DH-XY-1）和中间行为6.75万株/hm²，边行为8.25万株/hm²（MY-JK-2、DH-XY-2）。玉米大豆行配置均为4﹕4，各处理大豆株距均相同。重点分析不同间作模式对群体冠层结构、光分布、玉米光合特性及作物产量的影响。【结果】 不同株高玉米品种搭配种植优化了冠层结构，显著改善玉米穗位层透光率，提高了玉米叶面积指数和光合特性，最终促进系统产量的增加。在吐丝期，MY-JK-1、MY-JK-2的穗位层透光率较S-MY、S-JK增加18.55%—88.22%，DH-XY-1、DH-XY-2较S-DH、S-XY的穗位层透光率增加39.26%—55.77%。4个品种（除MY-JK-2下的MY73）在高矮秆搭配模式下的净光合速率（P_n）均有所提高，其中DH605在DH-XY-2模式下的P_n较S-DH提高6.88%，XY1466在DH-XY-2模式下的P_n较S-XY提高10.31%。同时，穗位叶最大光化学效率（F_v/F_m）和潜在活性（F_v/F_o）均有所提升。MY-JK-2模式下的玉米产量较S-MY、S-JK、MY-JK-1模式2年平均分别提高19.44%、9.58%、1.66%；DH-XY-2较S-DH、S-XY、DH-XY-1模式2年平均分别提高30.20%、14.94%、9.21%。2年均为DH-XY-2模式下的玉米产量（12 536.58 kg·hm^-2）和系统产量（14 001.29 kg·hm^-2）最高。【结论】 与单一玉米品种间作模式相比，不同株高玉米品种搭配种植能够优化群体冠层结构，改善群体冠层光分布，提高玉米穗位层透光率和大豆顶部光合有效辐射。同时，提高了玉米叶面积指数和光合特性，促进光合产物的积累，最终促进系统产量的增加。随着边行密度的增加，玉米产量得到进一步提升。本试验条件下，在黄淮海地区推荐使用矮秆DH605和高秆XY1466搭配种植，中间行密度为6.75万株/hm²且边行为8.25万株/hm²的模式。

关键词: 玉米大豆带状复合种植, 品种搭配, 群体冠层结构, 光资源利用, 系统产量

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aimed to explore the regulatory effects of different plant height combinations of maize varieties on the light distribution and light resource utilization of the population canopy under the soybean and maize strip intercropping pattern. 【Method】 From 2023 to 2024, four maize varieties with different plant heights were used as experimental materials, including the short-stemmed varieties of MY73 and Denghai 605 (DH605), and the tall varieties of Jingke 968 (JK968) and Xianyu 1466 (XY1466), as well as the soybean variety Qihuang 34. The row configuration of maize and soybean was both 4:4. Different intercropping patterns were set, including intercropping of the same maize variety in all four rows as the control (S-MY, S-DH, S-JK, and S-XY), with 6.75×10⁴ plants/hm² for each of the four rows and intercropping of tall and short varieties (middle row tall variety JK968, edge row short variety MY73: MY-JK-1, MY-JK-2; middle row tall variety XY1466, edge row short variety DH605: DH-XY-1, DH-XY-2), and two types of planting densities were set, with 6.75×10⁴plants/hm² for each of the four rows (MY-JK-1, DH-XY-1), 6.75×10⁴plants/hm² for the middle rows, and 8.25×10⁴plants/hm² for the edge rows (MY-JK-2, DH-XY-2). The plant spacing of soybean in each treatment was the same. The focus was on analyzing the effects of different intercropping patterns on the canopy structure of the population, light distribution, photosynthetic characteristics of maize and crop yield. 【Result】 The combined planting of maize varieties with different plant height optimized the canopy structure, significantly improved the light transmittance of the spike layer in the maize population, increased the leaf area index and photosynthetic characteristics, and ultimately promoted the increase in total system yield. During the silk production stage, the light transmittance of the spike layer in MY-JK-1 and MY-JK-2 increased by 18.55%-88.22% compared with S-MY and S-JK, and that in DH-XY-1 and DH-XY-2 increased by 39.26%-55.77% compared with S-DH and S-XY. The net photosynthetic rate (P_n) of the four varieties (except MY73) in the tall and short plant combination pattern was all increased. Among them, the P_n of DH605 in the DH-XY-2 pattern is 6.88% higher than that of S-DH, and the P_n of XY1466 in the DH-XY-2 pattern is 10.31% higher than that of S-XY. At the same time, the maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m) and potential activity (F_v/F_o) of the spike leaf also increased. The yield of maize under the MY-JK-2 pattern increased by an average of 19.44%, 9.58% and 1.66% over two years compared with the S-MY, S-JK and MY-JK-1 patterns, respectively. The average increase of DH-XY-2 over two years was 30.20%, 14.94% and 9.21% compared with the S-DH, S-XY and DH-XY-1 patterns, respectively. The maize yield (12 536.58 kg·hm^-2) and total system yield (14 001.29 kg·hm^-2) under the DH-XY-2 pattern were the highest in both years. 【Conclusion】 Compared with the intercropping pattern of single maize varieties, the combined planting of maize varieties with different plant heights could optimize the canopy structure of the population, improve the light distribution of the population canopy, and increase the light transmittance of the maize ear position layer and the photosynthetically active radiation at the top of soybean. At the same time, it improved the leaf area index and photosynthetic characteristics of maize, promoted the accumulation of photosynthetic products, and ultimately increased the total system yield. With the increase of edge row density, the maize yield was further enhanced. Under the conditions of this experiment, in the eastern part of the Huang-Huai-Hai region, it was recommended to use the combined planting of short-stemmed DH605 and tall XY1466, with a middle row density of 6.75×10⁴plants/hm² and an edge row density of 8.25×10⁴plants/hm².

Key words: maize and soybean strip intercropping pattern, combinations of maize varieties, canopy structure of the population, light resource utilization, total system yield

张梦雨, 何在菊, 王星星, 任昊, 任佰朝, 刘鹏, 张吉旺, 赵斌. 玉米大豆带状复合种植模式下不同株高玉米品种搭配对群体冠层光分布及玉米光合特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(23): 4886-4904.

ZHANG MengYu, HE ZaiJu, WANG XingXing, REN Hao, REN BaiZhao, LIU Peng, ZHANG JiWang, ZHAO Bin. The Influences of Different Plant Height Combinations of Maize Varieties on Light Distribution in the Canopy and the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Maize Under Maize-Soybean Strip Intercropping Pattern[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(23): 4886-4904.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.23.007

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2025/V58/I23/4886

图/表 15

表1

图1

图2

不同间作模式对玉米株高、穗位高的影响 S-MY：MY73与大豆4﹕4间作MY73 intercropped with soybean at a ratio of 4:4；S-DH：DH605与大豆4﹕4间作 DH605 intercropped with soybean at a ratio of 4:4；S-JK：JK968与大豆4﹕4间作 JK968 intercropped with soybean at a ratio of 4:4；S-XY：XY1466与大豆4﹕4间作 XY1466 intercropped with soybean at a ratio of 4:4；MY-JK-1：玉米-大豆4﹕4间作，中间两行为JK968、边行为MY73，4行密度均为6.75万株/hm2 Maize-soybean 4:4 intercropping. The middle two rows are JK968 and the edge rows are MY73. The density of each of the four rows is 6.75×104 plants/hm2；MY-JK-2：玉米-大豆4﹕4间作，中间两行为JK968、边行为MY73，中间行密度为6.75万株/hm2，边行密度为8.25万株/hm2 Maize-soybean 4:4 intercropping. The middle two rows are JK968 and the edge rows are MY73. The density of the middle rows is 6.75×104 plants/hm2, and the density of the edge rows is 8.25×104 plants/hm2；DH-XY-1：玉米-大豆4﹕4间作，中间两行为XY1466、边行为DH605，4行密度均为6.75万株/hm2 Maize-soybean 4:4 intercropping. The middle two rows are XY1466 and the edge rows are DH605. The density of each of the four rows is 6.75×104 plants/hm2；DH-XY-2：玉米-大豆4﹕4间作，中间两行为XY1466、边行为DH605，中间行密度为6.75万株/hm2，边行密度为8.25万株/hm2 Maize-soybean 4:4 intercropping. The middle two rows are XY1466 and the edge rows are DH605. The density of the middle rows is 6.75×104 plants/hm2, and the density of the edge rows is 8.25×104 plants/hm2。不同大写字母表示处理间株高在P<0.05水平差异显著，不同小写字母表示处理间穗位高在P<0.05水平差异显著 Different capital letters indicate significant differences in plant height between treatments(P<0.05), and different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in ear height between treatments (P<0.05)。标准误为3次生物学重复（n=3） Values shown are the mean ±SE。下同 The same as below"

图2

图3

图4

表2

图5

图6

图7

表3

表4

图8

表5

表6

图9

参考文献 42

[1]	YAP V Y, XAPHOKHAME P, DE NEERGAARD A, BECH BRUUN T. Barriers to agro-ecological intensification of smallholder upland farming systems in Lao PDR. Agronomy, 2019, 9(7): 375. doi: 10.3390/agronomy9070375
[2]	董奎军, 张亦涛, 刘瀚文, 张继宗, 王伟军, 温延臣, 雷秋良, 文宏达. 玉米大豆间作减量施氮对当季作物农艺性状、经济效益和后茬小麦产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(22): 4495-4506. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.22.009.
	DONG K J, ZHANG Y T, LIU H W, ZHANG J Z, WANG W J, WEN Y C, LEI Q L, WEN H D. Effects of nitrogen reduction application of summer MaizeSoybean intercropping on agronomic traits and economic benefits as well as its yield of subsequent wheat. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(22): 4495-4506. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.22.009. (in Chinese)
[3]	杨文钰, 杨峰. 发展玉豆带状复合种植, 保障国家粮食安全. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(21): 3748-3750. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.21.003.
	YANG W Y, YANG F. Developing maize-soybean strip intercropping for demand security of national food. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(21): 3748-3750. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.21.003. (in Chinese)
[4]	李双伟, 朱俊奇, EVERS J B, VAN DER WERF W, 郭焱, 李保国, 马韫韬. 基于植物功能-结构模型的玉米-大豆条带间作光截获行间差异研究. 智慧农业(中英文), 2022, 4(1): 97-109.
	LI S W, ZHU J Q, EVERS J B, VAN DER WERF W, GUO Y, LI B G, MA Y T. Estimating the differences of light capture between rows based on functional-structural plant model in simultaneous maize- soybean strip intercropping. Smart Agriculture, 2022, 4(1): 97-109. (in Chinese)
[5]	代希茜, 詹和明, 崔兴洪, 赵银月, 单丹丹, 张亮, 王铁军. 玉米大豆间作种植密度耦合数学模型及其优化方案研究. 作物杂志, 2019(2): 128-135.
	DAI X X, ZHAN H M, CUI X H, ZHAO Y Y, SHAN D D, ZHANG L, WANG T J. A mathematical model of density coupling and its optimization in maize-soybean intercropping. Crops, 2019(2): 128-135. (in Chinese)
[6]	朱元刚, 高凤菊, 曹鹏鹏, 王乐政. 种植密度对玉米-大豆间作群体产量和经济产值的影响. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(6): 1751-1758.
	ZHU Y G, GAO F J, CAO P P, WANG L Z. Effect of plant density on population yield and economic output value in maize-soybean intercropping. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 26(6): 1751-1758. (in Chinese)
[7]	KAISER E, MORALES A, HARBINSON J, KROMDIJK J, HEUVELINK E, MARCELIS L F M. Dynamic photosynthesis in different environmental conditions. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2015, 66(9): 2415-2426. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eru406 pmid: 25324402
[8]	LIU X, RAHMAN T, SONG C, SU B Y, YANG F, YONG T W, WU Y S, ZHANG C Y, YANG W Y. Changes in light environment, morphology, growth and yield of soybean in maize-soybean intercropping systems. Field Crops Research, 2017, 200: 38-46. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2016.10.003
[9]	LIU T D, SONG F B. Maize photosynthesis and microclimate within the canopies at grain-filling stage in response to narrow-wide row planting patterns. Photosynthetica, 2012, 50(2): 215-222. doi: 10.1007/s11099-012-0011-0
[10]	LIU X, RAHMAN T, SONG C, YANG F, SU B Y, CUI L, BU W Z, YANG W Y. Relationships among light distribution, radiation use efficiency and land equivalent ratio in maize-soybean strip intercropping. Field Crops Research, 2018, 224: 91-101. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2018.05.010
[11]	WU Y S, HE D, WANG E L, LIU X, HUTH N I, ZHAO Z G, GONG W Z, YANG F, WANG X C, YONG T W, LIU J, LIU W G, DU J B, PU T, LIU C Y, YU L, VAN DER WERF W, YANG W Y. Modelling soybean and maize growth and grain yield in strip intercropping systems with different row configurations. Field Crops Research, 2021, 265: 108122. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108122
[12]	汪直华. 西北地区玉米大豆带状间作田间配置对作物光能截获和产量的影响[D]. 雅安: 四川农业大学, 2023.
	WANG Z H. Effects of maize-soybean strip intercropping field configuration on crop light interception and yield in Northwest China[D]. Yaan: Sichuan: Sichuan Agricultural University, 2023. (in Chinese)
[13]	KOU H T, LIAO Z Q, ZHANG H, LAI Z L, LIU Y Y, KONG H, LI Z J, ZHANG F C, FAN J L. Grain yield, water-land productivity and economic profit responses to row configuration in maize-soybean strip intercropping systems under drip fertigation in arid northwest China. Agricultural Water Management, 2024, 297: 108817. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2024.108817
[14]	赵德强, 李彤, 侯玉婷, 元晋川, 廖允成. 玉米大豆间作模式下干物质积累和产量的边际效应及其系统效益. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(10): 1971-1985. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.10.005.
	ZHAO D Q, LI T, HOU Y T, YUAN J C, LIAO Y C. Benefits and marginal effect of dry matter accumulation and yield in maize and soybean intercropping patterns. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(10): 1971-1985. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.10.005. (in Chinese)
[15]	LI R D, XU C L, WU Z S, XU Y F, SUN S, SONG W W, WU C X. Optimizing canopy-spacing configuration increases soybean yield under high planting density. The Crop Journal, 2025, 13(1): 233-245. doi: 10.1016/j.cj.2024.12.005
[16]	武晶, 陈梦, 汪直华, 杨继芝, 李燕丽, 吴雨珊, 杨文钰. 带状间作不同带间距对玉米光能利用的影响. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(23): 4648-4659. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.23.007.
	WU J, CHEN M, WANG Z H, YANG J Z, LI Y L, WU Y S, YANG W Y. Effect of different strip distances on light energy utilization in strip intercropping maize. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(23): 4648-4659.doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.23.007. (in Chinese)
[17]	陶静静, 王海标, 朱宗瑛, 谭金芳, 王宜伦. 不同基因型夏玉米间作对产量及氮素吸收利用的影响. 华北农学报, 2016, 31(6): 185-191. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2016.06.029
	TAO J J, WANG H B, ZHU Z Y, TAN J F, WANG Y L. Effect of different genotype summer maize intercropping on yield and nitrogen absorption and utilization. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2016, 31(6): 185-191. (in Chinese) doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2016.06.029
[18]	焦贵华. 不同基因型夏玉米间作对产量及冠层光合特性的影响[D]. 保定: 河北农业大学, 2022.
	JIAO G H. Effect of intercropping different genotypes of summer maize on yield and canopy photosynthetic characteristics[D]. Baoding: Hebei Agricultural University, 2022. (in Chinese)
[19]	卫得杰. 密植条件下高矮玉米品种间作对产量形成的影响[D]. 保定: 河北农业大学, 2023.
	WEI D J. The influence of intercropping of tall and short maize varieties under dense planting conditions on yield formation[D]. Baoding: Hebei Agricultural University, 2023. (in Chinese)
[20]	LIU T N, CHEN J Z, WANG Z Y, WU X R, WU X C, DING R X, HAN Q F, CAI T, JIA Z K. Ridge and furrow planting pattern optimizes canopy structure of summer maize and obtains higher grain yield. Field Crops Research, 2018, 219: 242-249. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2018.02.012
[21]	NIE C W, SHI L, LI Z H, XU X B, YIN D M, LI S K, JIN X L. A comparison of methods to estimate leaf area index using either crop-specific or generic proximal hyperspectral datasets. European Journal of Agronomy, 2023, 142: 126664. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2022.126664
[22]	YIN W, CHAI Q, GUO Y, FENG F X, ZHAO C, YU A Z, HU F L. Analysis of leaf area index dynamic and grain yield components of intercropped wheat and maize under straw mulch combined with reduced tillage in arid environments. Journal of Agricultural Science, 2016, 8(4): 26.
[23]	ZHENG C H, WANG R S, ZHOU X, LI C N, DOU X Y. Photosynthetic and growth characteristics of apple and soybean in an intercropping system under different mulch and irrigation regimes in the Loess Plateau of China. Agricultural Water Management, 2022, 266: 107595. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107595
[24]	丁相鹏, 白晶, 张春雨, 张吉旺, 刘鹏, 任佰朝, 赵斌. 扩行缩株对夏玉米群体冠层结构及产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(19): 3915-3927. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.19.006.
	DING X P, BAI J, ZHANG C Y, ZHANG J W, LIU P, REN B Z, ZHAO B. Effects of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage on population structure and yield of summer maize. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(19): 3915-3927.doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.19.006. (in Chinese)
[25]	柏延文, 杨永红, 朱亚利, 李红杰, 薛吉全, 张仁和. 种植密度对不同株型玉米冠层光能截获和产量的影响. 作物学报, 2019, 45(12): 1868-1879. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.93011
	BAI Y W, YANG Y H, ZHU Y L, LI H J, XUE J Q, ZHANG R H. Effect of planting density on light interception within canopy and grain yield of different plant types of maize. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(12): 1868-1879. (in Chinese)
[26]	REN Y Y, LIU J J, WANG Z L, ZHANG S Q. Planting density and sowing proportions of maize-soybean intercrops affected competitive interactions and water-use efficiencies on the Loess Plateau, China. European Journal of Agronomy, 2016, 72: 70-79. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2015.10.001
[27]	REN X M, SUN D B, WANG Q S. Modeling the effects of plant density on maize productivity and water balance in the Loess Plateau of China. Agricultural Water Management, 2016, 171: 40-48. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2016.03.014
[28]	徐宗贵, 孙磊, 王浩, 王淑兰, 王小利, 李军. 种植密度对旱地不同株型春玉米品种光合特性与产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(13): 2463-2475. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.13.006.
	XU Z G, SUN L, WANG H, WANG S L, WANG X L, LI J. Effects of different planting densities on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of different variety types of spring maize on dryland. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(13): 2463-2475. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.13.006. (in Chinese)
[29]	REN Y Y, ZHANG L, YAN M F, ZHANG Y J, CHEN Y L, PALTA J A, ZHANG S Q. Effect of sowing proportion on above- and below-ground competition in maize-soybean intercrops. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11: 15760. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95242-w pmid: 34344978
[30]	金容, 李钟, 杨云, 周芳, 杜伦静, 李小龙, 孔凡磊, 袁继超. 密度和株行距配置对川中丘区夏玉米群体光分布及雌雄穗分化的影响. 作物学报, 2020, 46(4): 614-630. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.93034
	JIN R, LI Z, YANG Y, ZHOU F, DU L J, LI X L, KONG F L, YUAN J C. Effects of density and row spacing on population light distribution and male and female spike differentiation of summer maize in hilly area of central Sichuan. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2020, 46(4): 614-630. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.93034
[31]	ZHU X G, HASANUZZAMAN M, JAJOO A, LAWSON T, LIN R C, LIU C M, LIU L N, LIU Z F, LU C M, MOUSTAKAS M, ROACH T, SONG Q F, YIN X Y, ZHANG W F. Improving photosynthesis through multidisciplinary efforts: The next frontier of photosynthesis research. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022, 13: 967203. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.967203
[32]	YAO H S, ZHANG Y L, YI X P, ZUO W Q, LEI Z Y, SUI L L, ZHANG W F. Characters in light-response curves of canopy photosynthetic use efficiency of light and N in responses to plant density in field-grown cotton. Field Crops Research, 2017, 203: 192-200. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2016.12.018
[33]	DONG B, WANG Z S, EVERS J B, JAN STOMPH T, VAN DER PUTTEN P E L, YIN X Y, WANG J L, SPRANGERS T, HANG X B, VAN DER WERF W. Competition for light and nitrogen with an earlier-sown species negatively affects leaf traits and leaf photosynthetic capacity of maize in relay intercropping. European Journal of Agronomy, 2024, 155: 127119. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2024.127119
[34]	SU Y, YU R P, XU H S, ZHANG W P, YANG H, SURIGAOGE S, CALLAWAY R M, LI L. Maize cultivar mixtures increase aboveground biomass and grain quality via trait dissimilarity and plasticity. European Journal of Agronomy, 2024, 156: 127160. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2024.127160
[35]	WU Y W, LI Q, JIN R, CHEN W, LIU X L, KONG F L, KE Y P, SHI H C, YUAN J C. Effect of low-nitrogen stress on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of maize cultivars with different low-nitrogen tolerances. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2019, 18(6): 1246-1256. doi: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62030-1
[36]	杨小琴, 王洋, 齐晓宁, 孙露莹, 张梦杰, 宋凤斌, 刘胜群, 李向楠, 朱先灿. 高光效种植模式下玉米间作平菇对玉米穗位叶光合特性的影响. 土壤与作物, 2020, 9(2): 166-177.
	YANG X Q, WANG Y, QI X N, SUN L Y, ZHANG M J, SONG F B, LIU S Q, LI X N, ZHU X C. Effects of maize \|\| mushroom intercropping on photosynthetic characteristics of maize ear leaf under high photosynthetic efficiency planting pattern. Soils and Crops, 2020, 9(2): 166-177. (in Chinese)
[37]	GONG X W, FERDINAND U, DANG K, LI J, CHEN G H, LUO Y, YANG P, FENG B L. Boosting proso millet yield by altering canopy light distribution in proso millet/mung bean intercropping systems. The Crop Journal, 2020, 8(2): 365-377. doi: 10.1016/j.cj.2019.09.009
[38]	杨宏伟. 玉米间作豌豆干物质累积对密植响应的光合生理与分子机制[D]. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2021.
	YANG H W. Photosynthetic physiology and molecular mechanism of dry matter accumulation in maize pea intercropping system response to plant density[D]. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2021. (in Chinese)
[39]	YANG H, SU Y H, WANG L, WHALEN J K, PU T, WANG X C, YANG F, YONG T W, LIU J, YAN Y H, YANG W Y, WU Y S. Strip intercropped maize with more light interception during post-silking promotes photosynthesized carbon sequestration in the soil. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2025, 378: 109301. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2024.109301
[40]	WANG C, ZHOU L B, ZHANG G B, GAO J, PENG F L, ZHANG C L, XU Y, ZHANG L Y, SHAO M B. Responses of photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter formation in waxy sorghum to row ratio configurations in waxy sorghum-soybean intercropping systems. Field Crops Research, 2021, 263: 108077. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108077
[41]	YANG S Q, ZHAO Y X, XU Y N, CUI J X, LI T, HU Y M, QIAN X, LI Z X, SUI P, CHEN Y Q. Yield performance response to field configuration of maize and soybean intercropping in China: A meta-analysis. Field Crops Research, 2024, 306: 109235. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2023.109235
[42]	ALI RAZA M, GUL H, WANG J, YASIN H S, QIN R J, BIN KHALID M H, NAEEM M, FENG L Y, IQBAL N, GITARI H, AHMAD S, BATTAGLIA M, ANSAR M, YANG F, YANG W Y. Land productivity and water use efficiency of maize-soybean strip intercropping systems in semi-arid areas: A case study in Punjab Province, Pakistan. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 308: 127282. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127282

品种Variety	玉米带密度Density (plants/hm²)	处理Treatment	玉米播种带 Maize seeding strip			大豆播种带 Soybean seeding strip
品种Variety	玉米带密度Density (plants/hm²)	处理Treatment	带宽 Strip width (m)	带内行数 Rows in strip distance	株距 Plant to plant distance (cm)	带宽 Strip width (m)	带内行数 Rows in strip distance	株距 Plant to plant distance (cm)
MY73	67500	S-MY	2.3	4	14.6	1.75	4	10
	67500	MY-JK-1	2.3	2	14.6	1.75	4	10
	82500	MY-JK-2	2.3	2	12.0	1.75	4	10
JK968	67500	S-JK	2.3	4	14.6	1.75	4	10
	67500	MY-JK-1	2.3	2	14.6	1.75	4	10
	67500	MY-JK-2	2.3	2	14.6	1.75	4	10
DH605	67500	S-DH	2.3	4	14.6	1.75	4	10
	67500	DH-XY-1	2.3	2	14.6	1.75	4	10
	82500	DH-XY-2	2.3	2	12.0	1.75	4	10
XY1466	67500	S-XY	2.3	4	14.6	1.75	4	10
	67500	DH-XY-1	2.3	2	14.6	1.75	4	10
	67500	DH-XY-2	2.3	2	14.6	1.75	4	10

处理 Treatment	2023				2024
处理 Treatment	R1-S	R3-S	R5-S	R7-S	R1-S	R3-S	R5-S	R7-S
S-MY	19.38a	30.41c	38.55c	60.50a	17.86cd	34.25bc	50.76a	56.28a
S-JK	20.55a	37.88ab	40.50bc	48.87c	21.08a	37.49a	46.31ab	51.62b
S-DH	17.41a	31.89bc	43.80ab	54.00b	20.01abc	36.73ab	46.81ab	57.98a
S-XY	18.49a	31.95bc	39.00c	54.15b	18.52bcd	35.14ab	37.22c	51.42b
MY-JK-1	20.28a	44.24a	47.65ab	59.29a	17.02d	31.49c	43.49b	58.84a
MY-JK-2	20.10a	35.56bc	53.15a	57.48a	19.81abc	34.73ab	40.15c	55.93b
DH-XY-1	20.02a	35.83bc	45.46ab	57.96a	20.39ab	36.92ab	41.35c	52.03b
DH-XY-2	18.37a	36.63ab	49.34ab	52.37bc	18.51bcd	34.37bc	43.12b	48.62c

处理 Treatment	叶绿素荧光参数 Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters
处理 Treatment	F_v/F_m	F_v/F_o
S-MY	0.801±0.006cdB	3.987±0.077cdeB
MY-JK-1	0.815±0.003abA	4.394±0.090abA
MY-JK-2	0.803±0.007cdB	4.089±0.144cdB
S-DH	0.809±0.002bcC	4.228±0.059bcC
DH-XY-1	0.817±0.002abB	4.456±0.083abB
DH-XY-2	0.820±0.002aA	4.558±0.054aA
S-JK	0.800±0.007cdB	3.990±0.131cdB
MY-JK-1	0.815±0.001abA	4.417±0.033abA
MY-JK-2	0.801±0.007cdB	4.021±0.175cdeB
S-XY	0.789±0.010eB	3.750±0.154eB
DH-XY-1	0.800±0.009cdA	3.997±0.058deA
DH-XY-2	0.799±0.005deA	3.963±0.064deA

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	穗粒数 Spike grain number	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)	产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)
2023	S-MY	526.91dB	259.04eB	4465.56
	MY-JK-1	552.24bcA	273.49eA	4866.91
	MY-JK-2	524.84dB	261.06eB	5345.49
	S-JK	527.01dC	300.54dB	4927.89
	MY-JK-1	552.73bcA	322.97cA	5730.43
	MY-JK-2	547.35bcB	303.84dB	5256.39
	S-DH	533.10cdB	323.16cB	5317.40
	DH-XY-1	552.87bcA	348.18aA	6036.60
	DH-XY-2	566.88abA	326.22cB	7306.07
	S-XY	562.35bC	332.56bB	6094.83
	DH-XY-1	575.12aB	344.43aA	6456.57
	DH-XY-2	585.24aA	342.24aA	6627.34
2024	S-MY	482.86abB	263.29dA	4269.34
	MY-JK-1	502.65aA	265.13dA	4472.15
	MY-JK-2	478.24bB	257.51eB	4983.55
	S-JK	452.63dC	321.35cB	4597.21
	MY-JK-1	484.02abA	335.11abA	5471.30
	MY-JK-2	478.52bB	333.48bA	5276.25
	S-DH	400.46eB	334.91abA	4305.18
	DH-XY-1	444.98dA	333.62abA	5055.09
	DH-XY-2	411.76eB	327.35cB	5587.53
	S-XY	461.92cB	320.12cC	4819.74
	DH-XY-1	485.48abA	336.82aA	5366.39
	DH-XY-2	483.18abA	332.64bB	5552.23

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	株粒数 Number of grains per plant	公顷株数 Number of plants per hectare (10⁴·hm^-2)	百粒重 100-grain weight (g)	产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)
2023	S-MY	95.00a	7.50a	27.92a	1990.62a
	S-JK	81.37c	7.34bc	24.49c	1462.85d
	S-DH	89.78ab	7.49b	26.49b	1780.61b
	S-XY	77.32d	7.45b	26.81b	1545.18c
	MY-JK-1	85.44b	7.74a	27.38a	1809.60a
	MY-JK-2	87.00b	7.14c	26.92ab	1672.80c
	DH-XY-1	85.56b	7.68a	27.22a	1754.74b
	DH-XY-2	74.67d	7.57a	26.03b	1470.77d
2024	S-MY	85.00a	8.20b	26.74bc	1863.31a
	S-JK	69.75c	8.16b	26.25c	1493.54c
	S-DH	65.40d	7.90c	27.10b	1400.40d
	S-XY	65.50d	8.17b	27.49a	1470.29c
	MY-JK-1	72.00b	8.59a	27.28b	1687.68b
	MY-JK-2	63.70d	8.00c	27.54a	1403.64d
	DH-XY-1	68.00c	8.36a	27.17b	1544.56b
	DH-XY-2	66.33cd	8.02c	27.41a	1458.64c