米老排叶片饲喂水平对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、抗氧化能力、胴体品质和肉品质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.05.015

中国农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (5): 1111-1127.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.05.015

米老排叶片饲喂水平对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、抗氧化能力、胴体品质和肉品质的影响

王少华¹(), 范秋丽²(), 杨锦昌¹, 孙煜杰¹, 余纽¹(), 蒋守群²()

¹ 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所，广州 510520
² 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所/猪禽种业全国重点实验室/农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室/广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室，广州 510642

收稿日期:2025-05-09 接受日期:2026-01-20 出版日期:2026-03-01 发布日期:2026-03-06
通信作者:
余纽，E-mail：niuyu@caf.ac.cn。
蒋守群，E-mail：jiangshouqun@gdaas.cn
联系方式: 王少华，E-mail：302723587@qq.com。范秋丽，E-mail：649698130@qq.com。王少华与范秋丽为同等贡献作者。
基金资助:
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2025A1515012037); 现代农业产业技术体系国家肉鸡产业技术体系(CARS-41)

Effects of Different Levels of Mytilaria laosensis Leaves Feeding on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Antioxidant Capacity, Carcass Quality and Meat Quality of Yellow-Feathered Chickens

WANG ShaoHua¹(), FAN QiuLi²(), YANG JinChang¹, SUN YuJie¹, YU Niu¹(), JIANG ShouQun²()

¹ Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520
² Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding/Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510642

Received:2025-05-09 Accepted:2026-01-20 Published:2026-03-01 Online:2026-03-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究黄羽肉鸡饲喂不同水平的米老排叶片对生长性能、血浆生化指标、空肠黏膜细胞因子含量、肝脏解毒和抗氧化指标、胴体品质和肉品质的影响，以此评价米老排叶片作为一种潜在饲料原料在黄羽肉鸡上的应用价值。【方法】 试验选取720只6日龄体重相似的快速型麻黄肉鸡，采用完全随机设计，共分为6个处理组，米老排叶片饲喂水平分别为0（对照组）、1.5%、3.0%、4.5%、6.0%和7.5%，每组设置6个重复，每个重复20只（公和母各10只），试验期50 d。【结果】 随米老排叶片饲喂水平的升高，1）6—21日龄，肉鸡体重、平均日增重和欧益指数均呈二次曲线升高（P<0.05），料重比和增重成本呈二次曲线降低（P<0.05），22—42日龄，肉鸡料重比和增重成本均呈线性和二次曲线降低（P<0.05），43—55日龄，肉鸡体重、平均日采食量、料重比和增重成本均呈线性和二次曲线升高（P<0.05），欧益指数呈线性和二次曲线降低（P<0.05）。6—55日龄，肉鸡平均日增重、料重比和增重成本均呈线性和二次曲线升高、欧益指数呈线性和二次曲线降低（P<0.05）。2）21日龄，血浆TP、IgA、IgG含量和NDV-Ab抗体滴度呈线性升高（P<0.05），ALT和CK活性以及MDA含量呈线性和二次曲线降低（P<0.05），55日龄，与对照组相比，4.5%叶片组TP含量显著升高（P<0.05），1.5%叶片组TG含量显著降低（P<0.05）。3）米老排叶片饲喂对肉鸡各项器官指数均无显著影响（P>0.05）。4）空肠黏膜sIgA、TNF-α、IFN-γ和IL-10含量均呈线性和二次曲线升高（P<0.05），空肠黏膜IL-1β含量无显著差异（P>0.05）。5）肝脏CarE活性呈线性和二次曲线升高（P<0.05），AchE活性和MDA含量呈线性和二次曲线降低（P<0.05），肝脏GSH-ST、T-AOC和T-SOD活性无显著差异（P>0.05）。6）肉鸡半净膛率呈线性和二次曲线降低（P<0.05），胸肌率呈线性和二次曲线升高（P<0.05），腹脂率呈线性降低（P<0.05）。7）与对照组相比，4.5%叶片组肉鸡屠宰后45 min和24 h胸肌肉色红度a*值均显著升高（P<0.05）。【结论】 适宜水平米老排叶片对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、抗氧化和解毒能力、胴体品质和肉品质均有改善作用，但米老排叶片饲喂量还需要进行精准把控，过高饲喂量可能会对经济收益产生负面影响。依据二次曲线回归模型，结合体重、平均日增重和料重比作为主要评价指标，估测6—55日龄快速型黄羽肉鸡饲粮米老排叶片适宜饲喂水平为2.75%—2.90%。此次试验为米老排叶片作为黄羽肉鸡养殖非常规饲料原料提供了科学依据和试验参考。

关键词: 米老排, 黄羽肉鸡, 生长性能, 血浆生化指标, 肠道健康, 胴体品质, 肉品质

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of different levels of Mytilaria laosensis leaves feeding on the growth performance, plasma biochemical indicators, jejunal mucosal cytokine content, hepatic detoxification and antioxidant indicators, carcass quality and meat quality of Yellow-feathered chickens. This study serves to evaluate the application value of Mytilaria laosensis leaves as a potential forest by-product feed ingredient for yellow-feathered chickens.【Method】 A total of 720 six-day-old fast-growing mahuang Yellow-feathered chickens with similar body weights were selected and randomly assigned to 6 treatment groups using a completely randomized design. The feeding levels of Mytilaria laosensis leaves were 0% (control group), 1.5%, 3.0%, 4.5%, 6.0% and 7.5%, and each group was set up with 6 replicates, with 20 chickens in each replicate (10 males and 10 females each), and the test period was 50 days. 【Result】 with the feeding levels of Mytilaria laosensis leaves increased, 1) During the period of 6 to 21 days of age, body weight, average daily gain, and eurobenefit index were increased quadratically (P<0.05), while feed conversion ratio and cost per kilogram gain decreased quadratically (P<0.05). From 22 to 42 days of age, both feed to gain ratio and weight gain cost were decreased linearly and quadratically (P<0.05). In the final phase of 43 to 55 days of age, body weight, average daily feed intake, feed to gain ratio, and weight gain cost were increased both linearly and quadratically (P<0.05), whereas the eurobenefit index was decreased in both linear and quadratic patterns (P<0.05). During the experiment of 6 to 55 days of age, the body weight, average daily gain, feed to gain ratio and weight gain cost of chickens were increased linearly and quadratically, while the eurobenefit index was decreased linearly and quadratically (P<0.05). 2) At 21 days of age, the plasma concents of TP, IgA, IgG, and the antibody titer against NDV-Ab were increased linearly (P<0.05). In contrast, the activities of ALT and CK, as well as the concentration of MDA were decreased both linearly and quadratically (P<0.05). At 55 days of age, compared with the control group, the TP concent was significantly higher in the 4.5% leaf group (P<0.05), while the TG concent was significantly lower in the 1.5% leaf group (P<0.05). 3) The feeding level of Mytilaria laosensis leaves had no significant influence on the organ indexes of chickens. 4) The contents of sIgA, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-10 in jejunal mucosa were increased linearly and quadratically (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the concent of IL-1β in the jejunal mucosa (P>0.05). 5)The activity of CarE in liver was increased linearly and quadratically (P<0.05), while the activities of AchE and MDA content were decreased linearly and quadratically (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the activities of hepatic GSH-ST, T-AOC, and T-SOD (P>0.05). 6) The half-eviscerated rate of chickens was decreased linearly and quadratically (P<0.05), and the breast muscle rate was increased linearly and quadratically (P<0.05), and the abdominal fat rate was decreased linearly (P<0.05). 7) Compared with the control group, chickens in the 4.5% leaf group were demonstrated significantly higher redness (a*) values in the breast muscle at both 45 min and 24 h post-slaughter (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 In summary, the suitable of Mytilaria laosensis leaves can improve the growth performance, immune function, antioxidant and detoxification capacity, carcass quality and meat quality of yellow-feathered chickens. However, the feeding level of Mytilaria laosensis leaves requires precise control, as excessively high levels may adversely affect economic returns. According to quadratic regression model, combined with the body weight, average daily gain and feed to gain ratio as the main evaluation indicators, it is estimated that the appropriate feeding level of Mytilaria laosensis leaves for 6 to 55 days of age of fast-growing Yellow-feathered chickens is 2.75% to 2.90%. This study provided a scientific basis and experimental reference for the use of Mytilaria laosensis leaves as an unconventional feed ingredient in the rearing of yellow-feathered chickens.

Key words: Mytilaria laosensis, yellow-feathered chickens, growth performance, serum biochemical indicators, intestinal health, carcass quality, meat quality

王少华, 范秋丽, 杨锦昌, 孙煜杰, 余纽, 蒋守群. 米老排叶片饲喂水平对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、抗氧化能力、胴体品质和肉品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2026, 59(5): 1111-1127.

WANG ShaoHua, FAN QiuLi, YANG JinChang, SUN YuJie, YU Niu, JIANG ShouQun. Effects of Different Levels of Mytilaria laosensis Leaves Feeding on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Antioxidant Capacity, Carcass Quality and Meat Quality of Yellow-Feathered Chickens[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(5): 1111-1127.

图/表 12

表1

表2

6—21日龄基础饲粮组成及营养水平（饲喂基础）"

项目 Item	米老排叶片饲喂水平 Addition level of Mytilaria laosensis leaves (%)
项目 Item	0	1.5	3	4.5	6	7.5
玉米Corn	29.00	27.54	26.00	24.45	22.90	21.36
高粱Sorghum	25.38	25.38	25.38	25.38	25.38	25.38
豆粕Soybean meal	13.20	13.20	13.30	13.40	13.50	13.60
葵花粕Sunflower meal	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00
花生粕Peanut meal	8.20	8.20	8.20	8.20	8.20	8.20
菜粕Rapeseed meal	6.00	6.00	6.00	6.00	6.00	6.00
米老排叶片Mytilaria laosensis leaves	0.00	1.50	3.00	4.50	6.00	7.50
玉米蛋白粉Corn gluten meal	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00
豆油Soya bean oil	3.50	3.50	3.50	3.50	3.50	3.50
磷酸氢钙Calcium hydrogen phosphate	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
石粉Limestone	1.42	1.38	1.34	1.30	1.26	1.22
L-赖氨酸盐酸盐L- lysine hydrochloride	0.6	0.59	0.58	0.57	0.56	0.55
DL-蛋氨酸DL- methionine	0.19	0.19	0.19	0.19	0.2	0.2
L-苏氨酸L- threonine	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.11	0.11
L-色氨酸L- tryptophan	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.06
玉米芯粉Corn cob powder	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.02
食盐Salt	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
预混料^1）Premix	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
合计Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
营养水平^2）Nutrition level
表观代谢能AME (kcal·kg^-1)	2950	2901	2854	2805	2757	2708
粗蛋白质Crude protein	21.47	21.27	21.27	21.34	21.37	21.37
粗脂肪 Ether extract	3.13	3.09	3.05	3.01	2.97	2.93
粗纤维 Crude fiber	4.21	4.47	4.74	5.01	5.28	5.55
钙Calcium	1.10	1.10	1.02	1.02	1.05	1.10
总磷Total phosphorus	0.62	0.65	0.63	0.62	0.62	0.65
非植酸磷Non-phytate phosphorus	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35
赖氨酸Lysine	1.25	1.25	1.25	1.25	1.25	1.25
蛋氨酸Methionine	0.52	0.52	0.52	0.52	0.52	0.52
蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸 Methionine+Cysteine	0.85	0.85	0.85	0.85	0.85	0.85
苏氨酸Threonine	0.82	0.82	0.82	0.82	0.82	0.82
色氨酸 Tryptophan	0.22	0.22	0.22	0.22	0.22	0.22
异亮氨酸Isoleucine	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.84	0.84
精氨酸Arginine	1.22	1.22	1.22	1.22	1.22	1.22

表2

表3

22—42日龄基础饲粮组成及营养水平（饲喂基础）"

项目 Item	米老排叶片饲喂水平 Addition level of Mytilaria laosensis leaves (%)
项目 Item	0	1.5	3	4.5	6	7.5
玉米Corn	27.50	25.90	24.30	22.80	21.30	19.75
高粱Sorghum	31.50	31.50	31.50	31.50	31.50	31.50
豆粕Soybean meal	10.26	10.46	10.56	10.66	10.76	10.86
葵花粕Sunflower meal	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00
花生粕Peanut meal	5.60	5.60	5.60	5.60	5.60	5.60
菜粕Rapeseed meal	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
米老排叶片Mytilaria laosensis leaves	0.00	1.50	3.00	4.50	6.00	7.50
玉米蛋白粉Corn gluten meal	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00	3.00
豆油Soya bean oil	4.80	4.80	4.80	4.80	4.80	4.80
磷酸氢钙Calcium hydrogen phosphate	1.00	0.88	0.88	0.88	0.88	0.88
石粉Limestone	1.24	1.24	1.20	1.16	1.12	1.08
L-赖氨酸盐酸盐L- lysine hydrochloride	0.50	0.47	0.46	0.45	0.44	0.43
DL-蛋氨酸DL- methionine	0.18	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20
L-苏氨酸L- threonine	0.11	0.10	0.09	0.09	0.09	0.09
L-色氨酸L- tryptophan	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
玉米芯粉Corn cob powder	0.00	0.04	0.10	0.05	0.00	0.00
食盐Salt	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
预混料^1）Premix	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
合计Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
营养水平^2）Nutrition level
表观代谢能AME (kcal·kg^-1)	3050	3004	2955	2908	2861	2813
粗蛋白质Crude protein	19.84	19.95	19.94	19.85	19.68	19.77
粗脂肪 Ether extract	2.96	2.92	2.88	2.84	2.80	2.76
粗纤维 Crude fiber	3.98	4.26	4.52	4.79	5.06	5.33
钙Calcium	0.89	0.89	0.88	0.85	0.85	0.86
总磷Total phosphorus	0.58	0.59	0.60	0.58	0.59	0.58
非植酸磷Non-phytate phosphorus	0.32	0.32	0.32	0.32	0.32	0.32
赖氨酸Lysine	1.05	1.05	1.05	1.05	1.05	1.05
蛋氨酸Methionine	0.49	0.49	0.49	0.49	0.49	0.49
蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸 Methionine+Cysteine	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80
苏氨酸Threonine	0.74	0.74	0.74	0.74	0.74	0.74
色氨酸 Tryptophan	0.18	0.18	0.18	0.18	0.18	0.18
异亮氨酸Isoleucine	0.71	0.71	0.71	0.71	0.71	0.71
精氨酸Arginine	1.06	1.06	1.06	1.06	1.06	1.06

表3

表4

43—55日龄基础饲粮组成及营养水平（饲喂基础）"

项目 Item	米老排叶片饲喂水平 Addition level of Mytilaria laosensis leaves (%)
项目 Item	0	1.5	3	4.5	6	7.5
玉米Corn	20.50	18.90	17.30	15.70	14.10	12.60
高粱Sorghum	43.85	43.85	43.85	43.85	43.85	43.85
豆粕Soybean meal	3.50	3.64	3.79	3.95	4.10	4.16
葵花粕Sunflower meal	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
花生粕Peanut meal	2.17	2.17	2.17	2.17	2.17	2.17
菜粕Rapeseed meal	6.00	6.00	6.00	6.00	6.00	6.00
米老排叶片Mytilaria laosensis leaves	0.00	1.50	3.00	4.50	6.00	7.50
玉米蛋白粉Corn gluten meal	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
豆油Soya bean oil	6.10	6.10	6.10	6.10	6.10	6.10
磷酸氢钙Calcium hydrogen phosphate	0.44	0.44	0.44	0.44	0.44	0.44
石粉Limestone	1.35	1.32	1.28	1.24	1.20	1.16
L-赖氨酸盐酸盐L- lysine hydrochloride	0.55	0.54	0.53	0.52	0.51	0.50
DL-蛋氨酸DL- methionine	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14
L-苏氨酸L- threonine	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.07	0.07	0.06
L-色氨酸L- tryptophan	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
食盐Salt	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
预混料^1）Premix	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
合计Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
营养水平^2）Nutrition level
表观代谢能AME (kcal·kg^-1)	3150	3104	3055	3007	2958	2911
粗蛋白质Crude protein	17.69	17.64	17.92	17.84	17.70	17.85
粗脂肪 Ether extract	2.82	2.78	2.74	2.70	2.66	2.62
粗纤维 Crude fiber	3.96	4.23	4.51	4.78	5.05	5.32
钙Calcium	0.75	0.77	0.73	0.72	0.77	0.75
总磷Total phosphorus	0.55	0.54	0.54	0.54	0.54	0.53
非植酸磷Non-phytate phosphorus	0.23	0.23	0.23	0.23	0.23	0.23
赖氨酸Lysine	0.93	0.93	0.93	0.93	0.93	0.93
蛋氨酸Methionine	0.46	0.46	0.46	0.46	0.46	0.46
蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸 Methionine+Cysteine	0.74	0.74	0.74	0.74	0.74	0.74
苏氨酸Threonine	0.65	0.65	0.65	0.65	0.65	0.65
色氨酸 Tryptophan	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16
异亮氨酸Isoleucine	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61	0.61
精氨酸Arginine	0.87	0.87	0.87	0.87	0.87	0.87

表4

表5

米老排叶片饲喂水平对黄羽肉鸡生长性能的影响"

项目 Item	米老排叶片饲喂水平 Feeding levels of Mytilaria laosensis leaves (%)						SEM	P值 P value
项目 Item	0 (对照Control)	1.5	3.0	4.5	6.0	7.5	SEM	叶片水平Leaf level	线性Linear	二次 Quadratic
6—21日龄 6 to 21 days of age
6日龄体重6 day body weight (g)	79.50	79.47	79.53	79.52	79.51	79.54	0.01	0.938	—	—
21日龄体重21 day weight (g)	410.67ab	410.73ab	426.25a	420.42a	415.58ab	400.58b	2.38	0.027	0.401	0.006
平均日增重Average daily gain (g·d^-1)	20.70ab	20.70ab	21.67a	21.31a	21.00ab	20.07b	0.15	0.027	0.398	0.006
平均日采食量Average daily feed intake (g·d^-1)	36.20	36.03	36.62	37.39	36.02	36.16	0.18	0.212
料重比 Feed to gain ratio	1.75b	1.74bc	1.69c	1.76ab	1.72bc	1.80a	0.01	0.001	0.152	0.006
死亡率Mortality rate (%)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	—	—	—	—
增重成本（元/kg） Weight gain cost (yuan/kg)	6.52ab	6.48b	6.29c	6.53ab	6.38bc	6.70a	0.03	0.002	0.202	0.007
欧益指数 Eurobenefit index	111.89bc	112.43bc	120.19a	114.12ab	115.43ab	105.85c	1.12	0.004	0.242	0.003
22—42日龄22 to 42 days of age
42日龄体重 42 day body weight (g)	1062.50	1092.50	1094.01	1097.72	1075.00	1047.04	8.38	0.424
平均日增重Average daily gain (g·d^-1)	31.04	32.47	31.80	32.25	31.40	30.78	0.33	0.764
平均日采食量Average daily feed intake (g·d^-1)	73.95	74.34	76.97	77.79	77.70	76.90	0.62	0.400
料重比Feed to gain ratio	2.38bc	2.29c	2.42abc	2.41abc	2.47ab	2.50a	0.02	0.040	0.002	0.009
死亡率Mortality rate (%)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.88	0.15	0.435
增重成本（元/kg） Weight gain cost (yuan/kg)	8.83ab	8.60b	9.08ab	9.03ab	9.27a	9.37a	0.08	0.047	0.003	0.011
欧益指数Eurobenefit index	107.51	113.56	107.73	108.42	103.48	98.98	1.46	0.090
43—55日龄 43 to 55 days of age
55日龄体重55 day body weight (g)	1457.89ab	1463.15ab	1502.28a	1486.71a	1427.54ab	1395.39b	11.49	0.039	0.033	0.004
平均日增重Average daily gain (g·d^-1)	30.41	28.51	31.41	29.92	27.12	26.80	0.55	0.053
平均日采食量Average daily feed intake (g·d^-1)	91.13b	91.00b	96.62ab	99.37a	99.13a	95.51ab	0.92	0.019	0.023	0.004
料重比Feed to gain ratio	3.00b	3.19b	3.08b	3.32ab	3.66a	3.56a	0.06	0.001	<0.001	<0.001
死亡率Mortality rate (%)	0.00	0.88	0.00	0.88	0.00	0.00	0.20	0.558
增重成本（元/kg） Weight gain cost (yuan/kg)	12.08b	12.88b	12.43b	13.39ab	14.75a	14.41a	0.25	0.002	<0.001	<0.001
欧益指数Eurobenefit index	88.51a	82.41a	88.84a	80.62ab	70.99b	71.13b	1.80	0.001	<0.001	<0.001
6—55日龄 6 to 55 days of age
平均日增重Average daily gain (g·d^-1)	27.57ab	27.67ab	28.46a	28.14a	26.96ab	26.32b	0.23	0.039	0.033	0.004
平均日采食量Average daily feed intake (g·d^-1)	62.24	63.16	65.19	66.84	65.93	64.85	0.50	0.101
料重比 Feed to gain ratio	2.26c	2.28c	2.29c	2.38b	2.45ab	2.46a	0.02	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
死亡率Mortality rate (%)	0.00	0.88	0.00	0.88	0.00	0.88	0.25	0.700
增重成本（元/kg） Weight gain cost (yuan/kg)	9.29b	9.38b	9.42b	9.76ab	10.05a	10.11a	0.07	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
欧益指数Eurobenefit index	117.47a	115.15a	119.25a	112.78ab	106.17bc	102.11c	1.47	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001

表5

表6

米老排叶片饲喂水平对黄羽肉鸡血浆生化指标的影响"

项目 Item	米老排叶片饲喂水平 Feeding levels of Mytilaria laosensis leaves (%)						SEM	P值 P value
项目 Item	0 (对照control)	1.5	3.0	4.5	6.0	7.5	SEM	叶片水平Leaf level	线性Linear	二次 Quadratic
21日龄21 days of age
总蛋白TP (g·L^-1)	14.17b	14.69b	16.64b	18.13ab	18.26ab	21.92a	0.76	0.029	<0.001	0.002
尿酸UA (mg·L^-1)	76.47	74.85	56.74	61.15	61.47	63.97	3.04	0.335
免疫球蛋白A IgA (μg·mL^-1)	6.34c	7.76ab	7.08bc	8.58a	7.91ab	8.97a	0.21	0.001	<0.001	0.001
免疫球蛋白G IgG (μg·mL^-1)	72.42b	71.55b	73.20b	80.45a	83.82ab	78.53ab	1.39	0.042	0.007	0.024
新城疫病毒抗体滴度 NDV-Ab (pg·mL^-1)	919.68bc	833.08c	951.78b	878.74bc	1073.63a	981.20ab	18.94	0.001	0.012	0.034
传染性法氏囊病毒抗体滴度 IBDV-Ab (ng·L^-1)	8.45abc	7.12c	8.57ab	7.38bc	9.00a	9.00a	0.21	0.014	0.090	0.065
55日龄55 days of age
总蛋白TP (g·L^-1)	21.68b	23.65ab	24.80ab	29.72a	23.44ab	24.69ab	0.90	0.016	0.318	0.138
尿酸UA (mg·L^-1)	57.43	63.06	57.10	55.97	60.61	63.53	2.08	0.872
免疫球蛋白A IgA (μg·mL^-1)	6.22	6.26	6.45	6.35	6.68	6.47	0.12	0.913
免疫球蛋白G IgG (μg·mL^-1)	24.64	28.48	27.87	25.49	26.96	25.06	0.53	0.172
新城疫病毒抗体滴度 NDV-Ab (pg·mL^-1)	1313.71bc	1215.63c	1318.56bc	1379.30b	1535.96a	1335.70bc	23.71	0.007	0.041	0.113
传染性法氏囊病毒抗体滴度 IBDV-Ab (ng·L^-1)	11.71	11.46	12.95	12.13	15.16	10.56	0.50	0.095
甘油三酯TG (mmol·L^-1)	0.30a	0.20b	0.22ab	0.21ab	0.23ab	0.23ab	0.01	0.027	0.311	0.121
胆固醇TC (mmol·L^-1)	2.73	2.20	2.60	2.53	2.54	2.23	0.07	0.168
血糖GLU(mmol·L^-1)	11.32	11.49	11.76	10.79	11.04	10.79	0.15	0.361
谷丙转氨酶ALT (U·L^-1)	23.95a	14.36b	13.61b	10.16b	13.08b	11.03b	0.92	0.002	0.003	0.001
谷草转氨酶AST (U·L^-1)	57.77	46.40	50.80	43.90	47.26	39.81	2.17	0.297
碱性磷酸酶AKP (U·L^-1)	81.32ab	50.41ab	73.02ab	58.60ab	45.58b	109.42a	8.00	0.028	0.767	0.209
肌酸激酶CK (U·mL^-1)	0.78ab	0.58b	0.62b	0.78ab	0.80ab	0.96a	0.04	0.041	0.023	0.007
乳酸脱氢酶LDH (U·L^-1)	1906.98	1627.91	2013.29	1370.43	1880.40	1968.44	309.93	0.994
丙二醛MDA (nmol·mL^-1)	2.03a	1.34b	1.57b	1.34b	1.38b	0.56c	0.09	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
总抗氧化能力T-AOC (U·mL^-1)	2.90	3.81	3.28	3.34	2.82	3.39	0.17	0.608
总超氧化物歧化酶T-SOD (U·mL^-1)	239.97	241.10	249.75	270.72	250.75	247.09	7.02	0.834

表6

表7

表8

表9

表10

表11

表12

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氨基酸 Amino acid	含量 Content (%)	氨基酸 Amino acid	含量 Content (%)
赖氨酸 Lys	0.54	谷氨酸 Glu	1.00
蛋氨酸 Met	0.08	天冬氨酸 Asp	0.84
亮氨酸 Leu	0.93	甘氨酸 Gly	0.51
苯丙氨酸 Phe	0.48	丙氨酸 Ala	0.49
缬氨酸 Val	0.39	丝氨酸 Ser	0.45
苏氨酸 Thr	0.41	脯氨酸 Pro	0.87
异亮氨酸 Ile	0.33	精氨酸 Arg	0.42
酪氨酸 Tyr	0.25	组氨酸 His	0.17

项目 Item	米老排叶片饲喂水平 Feeding levels of Mytilaria laosensis leaves (%)						SEM	P值 P value
项目 Item	0 (对照Control)	1.5	3.0	4.5	6.0	7.5	SEM	叶片水平Leaf level	线性Linear	二次 Quadratic
21日龄21 days of age
分泌型免疫球蛋白A sIgA (ng·mg^-1prot)	264.99b	336.70a	352.32a	327.48a	345.28a	336.93a	7.76	0.004	0.016	0.002
肿瘤坏死因子α TNF-α (ng·g^-1prot)	9.60	10.64	9.14	10.05	10.52	10.99	0.23	0.158
白细胞介素1β IL-1β (ng·g^-1prot)	16.13	16.41	17.03	17.97	19.41	20.46	0.53	0.091
γ干扰素IFN-γ (pg·mg^-1prot)	18.22c	24.01a	23.02ab	20.60bc	22.85ab	24.11a	0.55	<0.001	0.008	0.027
白细胞介素10 IL-10 (ng·g^-1prot)	1.46c	1.84abc	1.88ab	1.65bc	1.91ab	2.12a	0.06	0.027	0.007	0.027
55日龄55 days of age
分泌型免疫球蛋白A sIgA (ng·mg^-1prot)	181.66b	150.42b	282.61a	281.98a	190.91b	219.90ab	11.88	0.001	0.190	0.051
肿瘤坏死因子α TNF-α (ng·g^-1prot)	14.93ab	12.70b	19.39a	16.84ab	17.59ab	18.21ab	0.57	0.002	0.012	0.030
白细胞介素1β IL-1β (ng·g^-1prot)	31.34	36.94	37.93	39.39	34.93	41.20	1.08	0.183
γ干扰素 IFN-γ (pg·mg^-1prot)	23.28c	27.01bc	32.48ab	34.40a	35.28a	34.40a	1.14	0.005	<0.001	<0.001
白细胞介素10 IL-10 (ng·g^-1prot)	5.08b	5.20b	7.55a	6.38ab	4.65b	5.91ab	0.29	0.042	0.769	0.271

项目 Item	米老排叶片饲喂水平 Feeding levels of Mytilaria laosensis leaves (%)						SEM	P值 P value
项目 Item	0 (对照Control)	1.5	3.0	4.5	6.0	7.5	SEM	叶片水平Leaf level	线性Linear	二次 Quadratic
谷胱甘肽S转移酶GSH-ST (U·mg^-1prot)	46.49	52.41	47.21	49.90	50.49	53.61	1.71	0.841
乙酰胆碱酯酶AchE (U·mg^-1prot)	0.15ab	0.15ab	0.16a	0.13b	0.13b	0.13b	0.00	0.044	0.022	0.045
羧酸酯酶CarE (U·mg^-1prot)	12.74b	13.36ab	14.85ab	14.64ab	15.76a	15.78a	0.39	0.024	0.004	0.013
丙二醛MDA (nmol·mg^-1prot)	0.90a	0.88a	0.76ab	0.65ab	0.54b	0.68ab	0.04	0.037	0.003	0.007
总抗氧化能力T-AOC (U·mg^-1prot)	0.99	1.08	1.28	1.03	1.12	1.15	0.04	0.373
总超氧化物歧化酶T-SOD (U·mg^-1prot)	116.13	120.15	127.97	116.64	119.28	118.91	1.91	0.509

项目 Item		米老排叶片饲喂水平 Feeding levels of Mytilaria laosensis leaves (%)						SEM	P值 P value
项目 Item		0 (对照Control)	1.5	3.0	4.5	6.0	7.5	SEM	叶片水平Leaf level	线性Linear	二次 Quadratic
屠宰率Dressing rate (%)		89.98	89.48	89.99	88.96	89.52	88.93	0.16	0.250
半净膛率Half-eviscerated rate (%)		82.18a	81.43a	81.67a	81.95a	79.43b	80.38ab	0.27	0.041	0.013	0.043
全净膛率Eviscerated rate (%)		70.83	66.85	68.28	67.89	65.67	66.45	0.57	0.111
胸肌率Breast muscle rate (%)		15.03c	15.09c	18.14a	16.48bc	16.32bc	16.83ab	0.27	0.001	0.028	0.018
腿肌率Leg muscle rate (%)		20.70	21.39	21.18	20.60	20.34	20.10	0.36	0.396
腹脂率Abdominal fat rate (%)		2.77a	2.35ab	1.98ab	2.50ab	1.80b	2.03ab	0.12	0.036	0.046	0.100
腹部Abdomen	L*	72.32	70.99	69.65	71.14	68.68	69.63	0.46	0.128
	a*	2.83	2.29	2.13	2.41	1.53	1.19	0.22	0.336
	b*	6.49	5.77	4.80	7.65	4.96	3.77	0.58	0.472
背部 Back	L*	76.14	75.80	78.40	76.70	79.37	76.85	0.41	0.153
	a*	3.53	5.89	4.04	4.07	4.95	5.82	0.34	0.138
	b*	8.52ab	7.01b	7.70b	11.67a	9.48ab	9.02ab	0.47	0.036	0.154	0.310
肩部 Shoulder	L*	77.15	77.30	80.87	76.31	80.22	79.20	0.67	0.116
	a*	7.34	7.60	7.73	7.68	7.90	7.59	0.30	0.998
	b*	11.59	9.03	10.13	10.47	11.91	9.19	0.57	0.635

项目 Item		米老排叶片饲喂水平 Feeding levels of Mytilaria laosensis leaves (%)						SEM	P值 P value
项目 Item		0 (对照Control)	1.5	3.0	4.5	6.0	7.5	SEM	叶片水平Leaf level	线性Linear	二次 Quadratic
肉色45 min Meat color 45 min	L*	54.79	57.47	57.37	57.09	58.12	57.03	0.55	0.644
	a*	15.38b	16.39ab	16.85ab	18.76a	15.72b	16.51ab	0.35	0.014	0.481	0.192
	b*	8.17	9.25	9.76	10.74	9.77	8.18	0.42	0.458
肉色24 h Meat color 24 h	L*	59.66	59.74	60.90	62.22	59.15	59.89	0.47	0.585
	a*	15.36b	16.15b	15.13b	18.69a	15.08b	15.50b	0.33	0.010	0.821	0.439
	b*	11.07	10.95	11.77	11.91	12.29	11.88	0.41	0.943
pH	45 min	5.80	5.97	5.81	5.91	5.74	5.75	0.03	0.274
pH	24 h	5.59	5.63	5.62	5.58	5.64	5.59	0.03	0.988
滴水损失率 Drip loss (%)		2.25	2.37	2.24	2.36	2.55	2.37	0.07	0.852
剪切力Shear force (N)		25.79	25.76	26.32	24.17	28.34	27.76	0.81	0.744

米老排叶片饲喂水平对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、抗氧化能力、胴体品质和肉品质的影响

Effects of Different Levels of Mytilaria laosensis Leaves Feeding on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Antioxidant Capacity, Carcass Quality and Meat Quality of Yellow-Feathered Chickens

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项目 Item	回归方程 Regression equation	P值 P value	R²	米老排叶片饲喂水平 Feeding level of Mytilaria laosensis leaves (%)
6—21日龄 6 to 21 days of age
体重Body weight (g)	Y= -1.244X²+8.535X+407.688	0.006	0.866	3.43
平均日增重Average daily gain (g·d^-1)	Y= -0.078X²+0.533X+20.512	0.006	0.856	3.42
料重比Feed to gain ratio	Y= 0.004X²-0.026X+1.755	0.006	0.864	3.25
22—42日龄 22 to 42 days of age
料重比Feed to gain ratio	Y= 0.003X²-0.021X+2.320	0.009	0.828	3.50
43—55日龄 43 to 55 days of age
平均日采食量Average daily feed intake (g·d^-1)	Y= -0.801X²+7.007X+83.146	0.004	0.832	4.37
料重比Feed to gain ratio	Y= 0.009X²-0.071X+2.914	<0.001	0.904	3.94
6—55日龄 6 to 55 days of age
体重Body weight (g)	Y= -10.632X²+61.694X+1401.595	0.004	0.831	2.90
平均日增重Average daily gain (g·d^-1)	Y= -0.213X²+1.233X+26.443	0.004	0.829	2.89
料重比Feed to gain ratio	Y= 0.004X²-0.022X+2.223	<0.001	0.867	2.75

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