覆盖作物对我国粮食作物的产量效应及影响因素的Meta分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.10.005

中国农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (10): 1871-1880.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.10.005

• 耕作栽培·生理生化·农业信息技术 • 上一篇下一篇

覆盖作物对我国粮食作物的产量效应及影响因素的Meta分析

马佳玉¹(), 王涛¹, 刘小利², 王丽¹, 张学成¹, 王文涛³, 孔繁盛¹, 黄学郡¹, 王子怡¹, 王彦东¹(), 甄文超¹()

¹ 河北农业大学农学院/作物改良与调控国家重点实验室/农业农村部华北节水农业重点实验室/河北省作物生长调控重点实验室，河北保定 071000
² 西北农林科技大学农学院，陕西杨凌 712100
³ 中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院，北京 100083

收稿日期:2022-07-31 接受日期:2022-10-13 出版日期:2023-05-16 发布日期:2023-05-17
通信作者: 王彦东，E-mail：wangyandong@hebau.edu.cn。甄文超，E-mail：wenchao@hebau.edu.cn
联系方式: 马佳玉，E-mail：1257810301@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32101300)

Meta-Analysis of Yield Effects and Influencing Factors of Cover Crops on Main Grain Crops in China

MA JiaYu¹(), WANG Tao¹, LIU XiaoLi², WANG Li¹, ZHANG XueCheng¹, WANG WenTao³, KONG FanSheng¹, HUANG XueJun¹, WANG ZiYi¹, WANG YanDong¹(), ZHEN WenChao¹()

¹ College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Key Laboratory of North China Water-saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, Hebei
² College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi
³ College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083

Received:2022-07-31 Accepted:2022-10-13 Published:2023-05-16 Online:2023-05-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】明确种植覆盖作物对我国主要粮食作物产量的影响，探究覆盖作物对粮食作物产量效应的影响因素，为覆盖作物在我国的科学应用与推广提供理论依据。【方法】以常规休耕为对照，以休耕期种植覆盖作物为处理，系统收集1980—2022年公开发表的文献137篇，建立含有903组种植覆盖作物对我国主要粮食作物产量及影响因素的数据库，采用Meta分析的方法定量化种植覆盖作物对粮食作物产量的影响，并通过Meta回归研究覆盖作物对粮食产量效应的影响因素。【结果】相比于休耕，覆盖作物处理下粮食作物的产量显著提高了12.2%，其中，小麦、水稻和玉米分别增产了9.5%、11.9%和19.6%。另外，冬季和夏季种植覆盖作物的粮食产量分别增加了9.5%和12.4%，并且豆科覆盖作物的增产效果较好，为12.9%（二月兰为14.2%，紫云英为11.8%，苕子为9.5%，豌豆为7.8%，大豆为7.4%），十字花科次之，为9.3%（油菜为7.0%），禾本科最差，为8.3%（黑麦草为7.9%），值得注意的是不同覆盖作物的混播增产效果最好，为17.3%。此外，种植年限和日照时数显著增加了覆盖作物的粮食增产效应，并且在高纬度地区，高的降水和温度增加了覆盖作物的粮食增产效应，而在低纬度地区，高的降水和温度降低了覆盖作物的粮食增产效应。【结论】休耕期采用混播的方式种植覆盖作物，有助于提高粮食作物的产量，能够减少地表的裸露并充分利用光热水土等资源，尤其在北方的夏季和南方的冬季休耕期种植更为适宜。

关键词: 覆盖作物, 粮食作物, 产量, Meta分析

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of this study was to clarify the effect of cover cropping on the yield of main grain crops in China, and to investigate the significant influencing factors, so as to provide a scientific basis for the promotion and application of cover crops in China.【Method】A Meta-analysis including data from 903 pairwise observations from 137 publications from 1980 to 2022 was conducted to elucidate the effect of “fallow” versus “cover cropping” on yield of main grain crops. Meta regression was also conducted to explore the factors influencing the effect of cover crops on grain crops yield.【Result】Under cover crops, grain crop yields increased significantly by 12.2% compared to fallow, with wheat, rice and maize yields increasing significantly by 9.5%, 11.9%, and 19.6%, respectively. In addition, grain crop yields increased by 9.5% and 12.4% for winter and summer cover crops, respectively. Among the different types of cover crops, leguminous cover crops increased grain crop yields by 12.9% (February orchid 14.2%, Chinese milk vetch 11.8%, vetch 9.5%, pea 7.8%, soybean 7.4%), while cruciferous and gramineous cover crops increased grain crop yields by 9.3% and 8.3% (rape 7.0%, ryegrass 7.9%), respectively. However, compared with pure stands, cover crop mixtures more markedly increased grain crop yield by 17.3%. Furthermore, cover cropping years and sunshine hours significantly increased the effect of cover crops. High precipitation and temperature increased the effect of cover crops at high latitudes, while high precipitation and temperature decreased the effect of cover crops at low latitudes.【Conclusion】During the fallow period, cover crops mixtures contribute to increase grain crops yields, reduce surface exposure and make full use of solar, thermal, water and soil resources, especially during the northern summer and southern winter.

Key words: cover crop, grain crop, yield, Meta analysis

马佳玉, 王涛, 刘小利, 王丽, 张学成, 王文涛, 孔繁盛, 黄学郡, 王子怡, 王彦东, 甄文超. 覆盖作物对我国粮食作物的产量效应及影响因素的Meta分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(10): 1871-1880.

MA JiaYu, WANG Tao, LIU XiaoLi, WANG Li, ZHANG XueCheng, WANG WenTao, KONG FanSheng, HUANG XueJun, WANG ZiYi, WANG YanDong, ZHEN WenChao. Meta-Analysis of Yield Effects and Influencing Factors of Cover Crops on Main Grain Crops in China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(10): 1871-1880.

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Moderator	Estimate	SE	Z	LCI	UCI	P	Q_M	P_M
截距 Intercept	2.53986	0.41189	6.16636	0.00000	1.73257	3.34714
海拔 Altitude	-0.00013	0.00002	-5.72593	0.00000	-0.00018	-0.00009	32.7862	<0.0001
降水 Precipitation	-0.00067	0.00017	-3.99558	0.00006	-0.00099	-0.00034	15.9647	<0.0001
气温 Temperature	-0.08484	0.01822	-4.65642	0.00000	-0.12055	-0.04913	21.6823	<0.0001
纬度 Latitude	-0.05265	0.00858	-6.13938	0.00000	-0.06946	-0.03584	37.6920	<0.0001
日照时数 Sunshine time	0.00008	0.00002	3.52201	0.00043	0.00003	0.00012	12.4046	0.0004
经度 Longitude	0.00005	0.00221	0.02445	0.98049	-0.00427	0.00438	0.0006	0.9805
降水×纬度 Precipitation×Latitude	0.00001	0.00000	2.17938	0.02930	0.00000	0.00002	4.7497	0.0293
气温×纬度 Temperature×Latitude	0.00115	0.00044	2.62439	0.00868	0.00029	0.00201	6.8874	0.0087

覆盖作物对我国粮食作物的产量效应及影响因素的Meta分析

Meta-Analysis of Yield Effects and Influencing Factors of Cover Crops on Main Grain Crops in China

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