中国农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (16): 2768-2775.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.16.003
李江鹏1,刘海俊2,黄志午1,刘晓英1,尤杰1,徐志刚1()
收稿日期:
2019-01-25
接受日期:
2019-07-03
出版日期:
2019-08-16
发布日期:
2019-08-21
通讯作者:
徐志刚
作者简介:
李江鹏,E-mail:953855702@qq.com。
基金资助:
LI JiangPeng1,LIU HaiJun2,HUANG ZhiWu1,LIU XiaoYing1,YOU Jie1,XU ZhiGang1()
Received:
2019-01-25
Accepted:
2019-07-03
Online:
2019-08-16
Published:
2019-08-21
Contact:
ZhiGang XU
摘要:
【目的】探讨光谱对水稻剑叶光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响。【方法】以华粳5号为材料,采用660 nm(R660)和630 nm(R630)的红光及460 nm(B460)和440 nm(B440)的蓝光分别与专用植物灯(W)组成不同光谱,设R660+W、R630+W、B460+W及B440+W 4种光谱处理,于水稻灌浆期测定剑叶光合特性及叶绿素荧光特性。【结果】蓝光能提高水稻剑叶的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)、电子传递速率(ETR)、非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)和光化学猝灭系数(qP);灌浆后期,B460+W处理水稻剑叶的净光合速率显著高于红光处理,R660+W处理的单位面积穗数最多,B460+W处理的千粒重和结实率高于其他处理。光响应曲线拟合表明,B460+W处理能提高水稻剑叶的最大净光合速率(Pnmax)、光响应曲线初始斜率(α)、暗呼吸量子效率、补偿点量子效率、捕光色素分子的本征光能吸收截面(σik)和捕光色素分子数(No)。【结论】B460+W处理能改善水稻剑叶光系统Ⅱ的性能,使其在灌浆后期维持一个较高的水平,进而促进干物质积累,最终提高千粒重和结实率,即在白光背景中添加460 nm蓝光是人工环境水稻栽培灌浆期的适宜光谱。
李江鹏,刘海俊,黄志午,刘晓英,尤杰,徐志刚. 光谱对水稻灌浆期剑叶光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(16): 2768-2775.
LI JiangPeng,LIU HaiJun,HUANG ZhiWu,LIU XiaoYing,YOU Jie,XU ZhiGang. Effects of Spectral Distribution on Photosynthetic and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Flag Leaves at Grain Filling Stage in Rice[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(16): 2768-2775.
表1
光谱分布对产量与产量构成要素的影响"
处理 Treatment | 穗数 Spike number (m-2) | 穗粒数 Grain number per spike | 千粒重 1000-grain weight (g) | 结实率 Seed setting rate (%) | 产量 Yield (kg·m-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
R660 | 129.38±9.31a | 42.6±2.58a | 28.6±0.10a | 90.23±0.22c | 0.142 |
R630 | 106.99±4.98b | 36.8±3.02a | 28.0±0.20b | 93.68±0.29a | 0.103 |
B460 | 104.50±3.05b | 41.3±2.58a | 28.9±0.12a | 94.57±0.33a | 0.118 |
B440 | 114.45±7.25ab | 41.8±2.94a | 27.9±0.12b | 92.79±0.34b | 0.124 |
表2
光响应曲线拟合光合参数"
光合参数 Photosynthesis parameter | 处理 Treatment | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
R660 | R630 | B460 | B440 | |
光响应曲线初始斜率 Initial slope of light response curve, α, mol·mol-1 (×10-2) | 4.73 | 4.14 | 5.81 | 3.03 |
光抑制项 Photo-inhibition term, β, (m2·s)/天线色素分子-1 (×10-5) | 5.75 | 5.23 | 6.65 | 13.5 |
光饱和项 Photo-saturation term, γ, (m2·s)/天线色素分子-1 (×10-3) | 1.90 | 1.70 | 1.50 | 0.90 |
暗呼吸的量子效率 Quantum efficiency of dark respiration (×10-2) | 5.03 | 4.44 | 6.16 | 3.22 |
补偿点的量子效率 Compensation point quantum efficiency (×10-2) | 4.45 | 3.86 | 5.48 | 2.85 |
捕光色素分子的本征光能吸收截面 Eigen-absorption cross-section of photosynthetic pigment molecule, σik, m2 (×10-20) | 4.25 | 3.49 | 4.86 | 3.46 |
捕光色素分子数 Number of light-harvesting pigment molecule (No) (×1014) | 5.89 | 6.28 | 6.33 | 4.63 |
表3
光谱分布对叶绿素荧光参数的影响"
指标Index | R660 | R630 | B460 | B440 |
---|---|---|---|---|
最大光化学效率Fv/Fm | 0.811±0.002b | 0.814±0.001ab | 0.819±0.002a | 0.818±0.002aa |
光下最大光化学效率Fv'/Fm' | 0.591±0.025aa | 0.608±0.018a | 0.555±0.005a | 0.591±0.010a |
实际光化学效率ΦPSⅡⅡ | 0.436±0.023ab | 0.406±0.010b | 0.434±0.003ab | 0.469±0.009a |
电子传递速率ETR | 124.17±6.66abab | 115.18±2.95b | 123.41±0.89ab | 133.17±2.72a |
非光化学淬灭NPQ | 0.805±0.117bb | 1.030±0.150ab | 1.238±0.056a | 1.008±0.049ab |
1-qP | 0.263±0.014bb | 0.328±0.031a | 0.217±0.008bc | 0.208±0.006c |
光化学淬灭系数qP | 0.737±0.014bb | 0.672±0.031c | 0.783±0.008abb | 0.792±0.006a |
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