饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白水平对黄羽肉鸡生产性能 和肉品质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.24.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究43-63日龄阶段饲粮代谢能（ME）和粗蛋白质（CP）水平对快大型黄羽肉鸡生产性能和肉品质的影响及其生化机制。【方法】试验采用两因子完全随机设计（ME：11.93和12.98 MJ•kg-1）×3（CP：14.6%、15.8%和17.0%），选用43日龄快大型岭南黄羽肉鸡公鸡840只，以体重一致原则分为6个处理，每个处理4重复，每个重复35只鸡，试验期21 d。各处理组饲粮赖氨酸和蛋氨酸水平与CP水平的比例保持一致，其它营养水平各处理组均一致。试验期间试验鸡地面平养，自由采食颗粒料和自由饮水。【结果】①与饲粮11.93 MJ•kg-1 ME组比较，12.98 MJ•kg-1组试验鸡平均日增重、胸肌pH和肉色a*值、腿肌中乳酸含量、血浆中游离脂肪酸含量显著提高（P＜0.05），料重比、肉色b*值、血浆脂蛋白脂酶活性显著降低（P＜0.05）。②饲粮CP17%组料重比显著低于15.8%（P＜0.05）和14.6%组（P＜0.05），半净膛率显著高于14.6%组（P＜0.05），血浆甘油三酯含量显著低于14.6%组（P＜0.05），胸肌谷氨酸含量显著低于15.8%（P＜0.05）。饲粮CP水平为17%组胸肌b*值显著高于15.8%和14.6%组（P＜0.05）。③饲粮ME和CP水平对试验鸡胸肌中谷氨酸含量、腿肌纤维直径与密度、血浆中游离脂肪酸含量有显著交互作用（P＜0.05）。【结论】若以生长性能和胴体品质为评定指标，43—63日龄快大型岭南黄羽肉鸡饲粮适宜的ME 和CP水平分别为12.98 MJ•kg-1和17%，此时的饲粮蛋能比为13.10 g•MJ-1；综合考虑肉品质指标评定，饲粮适宜的ME 和CP水平分别为12.98 MJ•kg-1和15.8%，此时的饲粮蛋能比为12.17 g•MJ-1。

关键词: 黄羽肉鸡 , 生产性能 , 肉品质 , 代谢能 , 粗蛋白

Abstract: 【Objective】 The effects of levels of dietary metabolizable energy (ME), crude protein (CP) and their interaction on growth performance and meat quality of Chinese yellow broilers between 43 and 63 days were determined. 【Method】 Two dietary ME levels, 11.93 MJ•kg-1 and 12.98 MJ•kg-1, and three dietary CP levels, 14.6%, 15.8% and 17.0%, were examined using a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. A total of 840 43-d-old fast-growing Lingnan Yellow male broilers were randomly assigned into 6 treatments, each had four replicates and each replicate had 35 ones. All birds were fed diets with the same ratios of lysine and methionine to CP, and other nutrient levels except ME and CP, and were reared in indoor floor pens with ad libitum access to pellet feed and water for 21 d. 【Result】Birds fed 12.98 compared to 11.93 MJ•kg-1 ME treatment had greater final body weight at 63 d, weight gain, higher pH, breast meat color a* value, lactic acid content of thigh muscle and plasma free fatty acid concentration, and lower FCR, b* value and plasma lipoprotein lipase activity (P＜0.05). Diet containing 17% CP decreased FCR and increased breast meat b* value compared to 15.8%, 14.6% treatment (P＜0.05), and increased semi-evisecrated percentage and decreased plasma TG content with respect to 14.6% treatment (P＜0.05), decreased glutamic acid content in breast muscle compared to 15.8% treatment (P＜0.05). There were significant interactions between ME and CP levels on thigh muscle diameter and density (P＜0.05), on glutamic acid content (P＜0.05) and on plasma free fatty acid content (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 The optimal dietary ME and CP levels for Lingnan yellow broilers aged between 43 and 63d were 12.98 MJ•kg-1 and 17%, respectively, based on growth performance and carcass traits, and 12.98 MJ•kg-1 and 15.8%, respectively, based on meat quality.

Key words: metabolizable energy , crude protein , growth performance , meat quality , Chinese yellow broilers

蒋守群, 蒋宗勇, 郑春田, 林映才, 洪平, 陈芳, 阮栋. 饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白水平对黄羽肉鸡生产性能和肉品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(24): 5205-5216.

JIANG Shou-Qun, JIANG Zong-Yong, ZHENG Chun-Tian, LIN Ying-Cai, HONG Ping, CHEN Fang, RUAN Dong. Effects of Levels of Dietary Metabolizable Energy and Crude Protein on Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Chinese Yellow Broilers Between 43 and 63 Days[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(24): 5205-5216.

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