关键词: 叶绿体基因组, SSR, 小麦, 遗传差异

Abstract: In this study, 21 SSR markers derived from chloroplast genome of common wheat, are used to measure the genetic diversity among hexaploid wheat populations and their relatives, which include 20 common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), 21 spelt (Triticum spelta L.), 20 compactum (Triticum compactum Host.), 10 wild emmer (Triticum dicoccoides), 16 Chinese wheat landraces(9 T. tibetanum, 3 T. yunnanense and 4 T. petropavlavskyi) and 9 Aegilops tauschii. Compared with common wheat, the genetic variation base of chloroplast genome in spelt and T. tibetanum were more abundant, which can be used to broaden the genetic basis of common wheat. Cluster analysis exhibited that, wild emmer has a closer consanguine relationship to hexaploid wheat, as compare to with Aegilops tauschi. In addition, it was found that there was a closer genetic relationship in chloroplast genome of common wheat and T. petropavlavskyi, which indicated that T. petropavlavskyi maybe derived from the backcross between common wheat and Polish wheat.

Key words: chloroplast genome, SSR, wheat, genetic diversity