最新录用：长期保护性耕作对黄土高原旱作农田土壤碳含量及转化酶活性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.220112

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究黄土高原旱作农田粮草轮作系统长期保护性耕作对土壤碳含量、碳转化酶活性的影响，为旱作农田土壤固碳和农业可持续发展提供科学依据。【方法】基于甘肃庆阳草地农业生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站开展的长期保护性耕作试验（开始于2001年），分析传统耕作（T）、免耕（NT）、传统耕作+秸秆覆盖（TS）、免耕+秸秆覆盖（NTS）对玉米-冬小麦-饲用大豆粮草轮作系统玉米收获季不同土层（0—5、5—10、10—20 cm）土壤有机碳（SOC）、微生物量碳（MBC）含量、β-葡萄糖苷酶（βG）、纤维二糖苷酶（CBH）、β-木糖苷酶（βX）活性的影响。【结果】（1）保护性耕作措施可显著增加土壤SOC、MBC含量，其中0—5 cm土层提升效果最显著，与传统耕作相比，秸秆覆盖使SOC和MBC含量分别升高19.11%和39.88%，免耕使SOC和MBC含量分别升高15.13%和34.34%。（2）保护性耕作措施显著提高了土壤碳转化酶活性，表现为βG活性>CBH活性>βX活性，对保护性耕作措施的敏感性表现为：CBH>βX>βG。相比传统耕作，秸秆覆盖使0—5 cm土层βG、CBH、βX活性分别增加20.26%、37.62%、41.06%，使5—20 cm土层3种酶活性分别增加-7.57%、99.86%、3.50%；免耕使0—5 cm土层βG、CBH、βX活性分别增加12.47%、30.99%、26.12%，使5—20 cm土层3种酶活性分别增加-21.05%、22.11%、-12.11%。结构方程结果表明，土壤碳转化酶活性的变化主要受粮草轮作系统内土壤全氮含量的影响。（3）秸秆覆盖可直接影响土壤碳的积累，也可通过改变土壤全氮含量而间接影响土壤碳转化酶活性；免耕措施对土壤环境影响不显著导致土壤碳含量及碳转化酶活性无显著变化。【结论】黄土高原旱作农田粮草轮作系统中，土壤碳的积累主要受到秸秆覆盖的直接效应，而碳转化酶活性主要通过对系统内土壤全氮的间接作用而变化，其中，免耕+秸秆覆盖是提高土壤碳含量和酶活性的最有效措施，β-葡萄糖苷酶是参与土壤碳转化的主要酶。

关键词: 秸秆覆盖, 免耕, 土壤有机碳, 土壤酶活性, 微生物量碳

Abstract: 【Objective】The effects of long-term conservation tillage on soil carbon and carbon invertase activity in forage-crop rotation system of dry farmland in the Loess Plateau were explored to provide scientific basis for soil carbon sequestration and sustainable and healthy development of agriculture in dry farmland. 【Method】In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of long-term traditional tillage (T), no-tillage (NT), traditional tillage+straw mulch (TS), and no-tillage+straw mulch (NTS) on soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon content (MBC), β-glycosidase (βG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH) and β-xylosidase enzymes (βX) in forage-crop rotation system at the National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of the Grassland Agricultural Ecosystem in Qingyang, Gansu Province. Soils were collected from 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm depths at the harvest of maize (Zea mays L.). 【Result】(1) Conservation tillage significantly increased the contents of SOC and MBC in soil, especially in 0-5 cm soil layer. Compared with conventional tillage, straw mulching increased SOC and MBC by 19.11% and 39.88%, and no-tillage increased SOC and MBC by 15.13% and 34.34%, respectively. (2) Conservation tillage significantly increased soil carbon invertase activity, the three enzyme activities showed: βG>CBH>βX, the sensitivity of conservation tillage measures showed: CBH>βX>βG. Compared with traditional tillage, the activities of βG, CBH and βX in 0-5 cm soil layer under straw mulching increased by 20.26%, 37.62% and 41.06%, respectively, and those under no-tillage increased by 12.47%, 30.99% and 26.12%, respectively. Straw mulching in 5-20 cm soil layer increased βG, CBH and βX by -7.57%, 99.86% and 3.50%, respectively, and no-tillage increased them by -21.05%, 22.11% and -12.11%, respectively. In addition, the structural equation results showed that soil carbon invertase activity was mainly affected by soil total nitrogen content in forage-crop rotation system. (3) Straw mulching can directly affect the accumulation of soil carbon, mainly affecting the activity of soil carbon invertase by changing the soil total nitrogen content; no tillage has no significant impact on soil environment, resulting in no significant changes in soil carbon content and carbon invertase activity.【Conclusion】The accumulation of soil carbon was mainly affected by the direct effect of straw mulching measures, and the activity of carbon invertase was mainly changed by the indirect effect of soil total nitrogen in the forage-crop rotation system of dry farmland in the Loess Plateau. Among them, no tillage combined with straw mulching is the most effective measure to improve soil carbon content and enzyme activity, β- Glucosidase is the main enzyme involved in soil carbon inversion.

Key words: straw mulching, no tillage, soil organic carbon, soil enzyme activity, microbial biomass carbon

董秀, 张燕, MUNYAMPIRWA Tito, 陶海宁, 沈禹颖 . 最新录用：长期保护性耕作对黄土高原旱作农田土壤碳含量及转化酶活性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 0, (): 1-.

DONG Xiu, ZHANG Yan, MUNYAMPIRWA Tito, TAO HaiNing, SHEN YuYing . Effects of Long-term Conservation Tillage on Soil Carbon Content and Invertase Activity in Dry Farmland on the Loess Plateau[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 0, (): 1-.

[1]	庞津雯, 王钰皓, 陶宏扬, 卫婷, 高飞, 刘恩科, 贾志宽, 张鹏. 生物炭不同添加量对旱作覆膜农田土壤团聚体特性及有机碳含量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(9): 1729-1743.
[2]	董秀, 张燕, MUNYAMPIRWA Tito, 陶海宁, 沈禹颖. 长期保护性耕作对黄土高原旱作农田土壤碳含量及转化酶活性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(5): 907-919.
[3]	马南, 安婷婷, 张久明, 汪景宽. 添加玉米秸秆和根茬对不同肥力黑土微生物残体碳氮的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(4): 686-696.
[4]	谢雪, 鲁艳红, 廖育林, 聂军, 张江林, 孙玉桃, 曹卫东, 高雅洁. 紫云英与稻草还田替代部分化肥对双季稻产量和土壤活性有机碳的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(18): 3585-3598.
[5]	孙涛, 冯晓敏, 高新昊, 邓艾兴, 郑成岩, 宋振伟, 张卫建. 多样化种植对土壤团聚体组成及其有机碳和全氮含量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(15): 2929-2940.
[6]	周明星, 代子俊, 樊军, 付威, 郝明德. 免耕结合覆盖措施对渭北旱塬黑垆土结构与团聚体有机碳含量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(12): 2329-2340.
[7]	秦羽青,程宏波,柴雨葳,马建涛,李瑞,李亚伟,常磊,柴守玺. 中国北方地区小麦覆盖栽培增产效应的荟萃（Meta）分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(6): 1095-1109.
[8]	朱长伟,孟威威,石柯,牛润芝,姜桂英,申凤敏,刘芳,刘世亮. 不同轮耕模式下小麦各生育时期土壤养分及酶活性变化特征[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(21): 4237-4251.
[9]	吴俊,郭大千,李果,郭熙,钟亮,朱青,国佳欣,叶英聪. 基于CARS-BPNN的江西省土壤有机碳含量高光谱预测[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(19): 3738-3750.
[10]	王楚涵,刘菲,高健永,张慧芳,谢英荷,曹寒冰,谢钧宇. 减氮覆膜下土壤有机碳组分含量的变化特征[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(19): 3779-3790.
[11]	夏芊蔚,陈浩,姚宇阗,笪达,陈健,石志琦. “优标”水稻体系对稻田土壤环境的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(17): 3343-3354.
[12]	高仁才, 陈松鹤, 马宏亮, 莫飘, 柳伟伟, 肖云, 张雪, 樊高琼. 秋闲期秸秆覆盖与减氮优化根系分布提高冬小麦产量及水氮利用效率[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(14): 2709-2725.
[13]	马立晓,李婧,邹智超,蔡岸冬,张爱平,李贵春,杜章留. 免耕和秸秆还田对我国土壤碳循环酶活性影响的荟萃分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(9): 1913-1925.
[14]	郑凤君, 王雪, 李生平, 刘晓彤, 刘志平, 卢晋晶, 武雪萍, 席吉龙, 张建诚, 李永山. 免耕覆盖下土壤水分、团聚体稳定性及其有机碳分布对小麦产量的协同效应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(3): 596-607.
[15]	向晓玲,陈松鹤,杨洪坤,杨永恒,樊高琼. 秸秆覆盖与施磷对丘陵旱地小麦产量和磷素吸收利用效应的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(24): 5194-5205.

最新录用：长期保护性耕作对黄土高原旱作农田土壤碳含量及转化酶活性的影响

Effects of Long-term Conservation Tillage on Soil Carbon Content and Invertase Activity in Dry Farmland on the Loess Plateau

PDF

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0