多因素管理下大兴安岭南麓玉米种植密度及耐密抗倒品种选择

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.24.004

中国农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (24): 5143-5155.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.24.004

• 耕作栽培·生理生化·农业信息技术 • 上一篇下一篇

多因素管理下大兴安岭南麓玉米种植密度及耐密抗倒品种选择

田磊¹(), 邵鑫², 周一民¹, 苗秀珍¹, 纪楠³, 王浩⁴, 石明帅², 张悦忠¹^,^*()

¹ 扎赉特旗农牧和科技事业发展中心，内蒙古扎赉特旗 137600
² 内蒙古农业大学农学院，呼和浩特 010019
³ 通辽市农牧业发展中心，内蒙古通辽 028400
⁴ 科尔沁右翼前旗农牧业科学技术发展中心，内蒙古科尔沁右翼前旗 137400

收稿日期:2025-04-10 接受日期:2025-10-21 出版日期:2025-12-22 发布日期:2025-12-22
通信作者:
张悦忠，E-mail：13327021066@163.com
联系方式: 田磊，E-mail：18847170956@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2301805)

Selection of Maize Planting Density and Dense-Planting Tolerant and Lodging-Resistant Varieties in the Southern Foothills of the Greater Khingan Mountains under Multi-Factor Management

TIAN Lei¹(), SHAO Xin², ZHOU YiMin¹, MIAO XiuZhen¹, JI Nan³, WANG Hao⁴, SHI MingShuai², ZHANG YueZhong¹^,^*()

¹ Jalaid Banner Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Science and Technology Development Center, Jalaid Banner 137600, Inner Mongolia
² College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019
³ Tongliao Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development Center, Tongliao 028400, Inner Mongolia
⁴ Korqin Right Wing Front Banner Agriculture Science and Technology Development Center, Korqin Right Wing Front Banner 137400, Inner Mongolia

Received:2025-04-10 Accepted:2025-10-21 Published:2025-12-22 Online:2025-12-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究多因素管理下大兴安岭南麓玉米适宜的种植密度，挖掘其产量潜力，为在玉米密植条件下合理选种提供理论依据。【方法】依托扎赉特旗农业科技示范园区，于2022—2024年开展的玉米品种筛选及密度梯度试验，选用7.2、8.3、9.2、10.4万株/hm²共4个种植密度，划分为低密度（7.2万株/hm²）、中等密度（8.3、9.2万株/hm²）、高密度（10.4万株/hm²）3个密度梯度，选用138个玉米品种，共252份样本，对各样本株高、穗位、倒伏指数、成穗率、产量及构成因素进行数据分析。【结果】玉米产量构成因素与种植密度间均呈极显著相关关系（P<0.01），收获穗数与种植密度间呈线性回归关系，其回归方程为y=0.765x+0.8577，且R²为0.4986，因此可以预测在7.2—10.4万株/hm²，玉米种植密度每增加2.00万株/hm²，收获穗数增加2.39万穗/hm²；产量与种植密度间呈极显著相关关系(P<0.01)，产量随着种植密度的增加呈上升趋势，与低密度平均产量相比，高、中密度玉米产量分别显著提高16.85%和8.68%(P<0.05)；成穗率与种植密度间呈显著负相关关系（P<0.05），成穗率变化范围为85.53%—90.46%，平均成穗率为87.08%；收获穗数在8.62万穗/hm²之后产量增加减慢，根据高种植密度下的成穗率平均值86.01%计算，大兴安岭南麓玉米最大种植密度不应超过10.02万株/hm²。种植密度与株高之间呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01)，与穗位高及穗位高系数之间无相关关系。当株高≥314 cm时，玉米开始发生倒伏，株高为314—404 cm时，株高每增加15 cm，玉米倒伏程度增加3.88%；低种植密度下，穗粒数和百粒重与产量间呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)；中等密度下，收获穗数和百粒重与产量间均为极显著正相关关系(P<0.01)；高密度下产量与各因素间均无显著相关关系。种植密度对产量的影响高于倒伏程度，种植密度变化导致玉米倒伏主要通过影响收获穗数从而影响产量，而株高的增加导致玉米倒伏主要通过影响穗粒数进而影响产量。【结论】在大兴安岭南麓地区玉米种植密度较低时，应选择穗粒数及百粒重较高的品种，以保证玉米产量；当种植密度增密至8.3—9.2万株/hm²时，应尽可能地提高成穗率，保证收获穗数；当种植密度进一步提高时，应在选择紧凑型密植品种、保证收获穗数的基础上，做到精准管理，确保各产量构成因素均衡发展，从而获得理想产量，但最大种植密度不应超过10.02万株/hm²。同时，当选择种植的玉米品种株高≥314 cm时，应及时进行化控处理，防止玉米倒伏。

关键词: 大兴安岭南麓, 春玉米, 多因素管理, 种植密度, 倒伏, 产量

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aimed to explore the suitable planting density of maize in the southern foothills of the Greater Khingan Mountains under multi-factor management and tap its yield potential, for providing a theoretical basis to reasonably select varieties under high-density planting conditions.【Method】Relying on the variety screening and density gradient experiments carried out in the Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration Park of Zhalaite Banner from 2022 to 2024, a total of 4 planting densities, namely 7.2×10⁴, 8.3×10⁴, 9.2×10⁴ and 10.4×10⁴ plants/hm², were selected and divided into 3 density gradients: low density (7.2×10⁴ plants/hm²), medium density (8.3×10⁴ and 9.2×10⁴ plants/hm²), and high density (10.4×10⁴ plants/hm²). A total of 138 maize varieties and 252 samples were used. Data analysis was conducted on the plants height, ear position, lodging index, ear formation rate, yield, and yield-contributing factors of each sample.【Result】There was an extremely significant correlation between yield-contributing factors and planting density (P<0.01). There was a linear regression relationship between the number of harvested ears and the planting density, and its regression equation was y=0.765x+0.8577, with R² being 0.4986. Therefore, it could be predicted that between 7.2×10⁴ and 10.4×10⁴ plants/hm², for every 2×10⁴ plants/hm² increase in planting density, the number of harvested ears increases by 2.39×10⁴ ears/hm². There was an extremely significant correlation between yield and planting density (P<0.01). The yield showed an increasing trend with the increase in planting density. Compared with the average yield at low density, the yields of maize at high and medium densities increased significantly by 16.85% and 8.68%, respectively (P<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between the ear formation rate and the planting density (P<0.05). The ear formation rate ranged from 85.53% to 90.46%, with an average of 87.08%. The yield increase slowed down after the number of harvested ears reached 8.62×10⁴ ears/hm². Based on calculation of the average ear formation rate of 86.01% at high planting density, the maximum planting density in the southern foothills of the Greater Khingan Mountains should not exceed 10.02×10⁴ plants/hm². There was an extremely significant negative correlation between planting density and plants height (P<0.01), and there was no correlation between planting density and ear position height or the ear position height coefficient. When the plants height was ≥314 cm, maize began to lodge. Within the range of 314-404 cm, for every 15 cm increase in plants height, the lodging degree increased by 3.88%. At low planting density, there was a significant positive correlation between the number of grains per ear, 100-grain weight, and yield (P<0.05). At medium density, there was an extremely significant positive correlation between the number of harvested ears, 100-grain weight, and yield (P<0.01). At high density, there was no significant correlation between yield and each factor. The impact of planting density on yield was greater than that of lodging degree. The lodging of maize caused by changes in planting density mainly affected the yield by influencing the number of harvested ears per mu, while the lodging of maize caused by the increase in plants height mainly affected the yield by influencing the number of grains per ear.【Conclusion】In the southern foothills of the Greater Khingan Mountains, when the planting density was low, varieties with a high number of grains per ear and high 100-grain weight should be selected to ensure maize yield. When the density was increased to 8.3×10⁴-9.2×10⁴ plants/hm², the ear formation rate should be improved as much as possible to ensure the number of harvested ears. When the planting density was further increased, on the basis of selecting density-tolerant varieties and ensuring the number of harvested ears, precise management should be carried out to ensure the balanced development of each yield-contributing factor, so as to obtain an ideal yield. However, the maximum planting density should not exceed 10.02×10⁴ plants/hm². Meanwhile, when the plants height of the planting variety was ≥314 cm, measures should be taken to prevent lodging.

Key words: Greater Khingan Mountains, spring maize, multi-factor management, planting density, lodging, yield

田磊, 邵鑫, 周一民, 苗秀珍, 纪楠, 王浩, 石明帅, 张悦忠. 多因素管理下大兴安岭南麓玉米种植密度及耐密抗倒品种选择[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(24): 5143-5155.

TIAN Lei, SHAO Xin, ZHOU YiMin, MIAO XiuZhen, JI Nan, WANG Hao, SHI MingShuai, ZHANG YueZhong. Selection of Maize Planting Density and Dense-Planting Tolerant and Lodging-Resistant Varieties in the Southern Foothills of the Greater Khingan Mountains under Multi-Factor Management[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(24): 5143-5155.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.24.004

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2025/V58/I24/5143

图/表 11

图1

表1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表2

表3

种植密度、倒伏程度和品种特性对玉米产量的影响系数"

影响路径 Influence path	直接影响系数 Direct influence coefficient	直接影响系数 Direct influence coefficient	直接影响系数 Direct influence coefficient	间接影响系数 Indirect influence coefficient	总影响系数 Total influence coefficient
种植密度→百粒重→产量 Planting density→100-seed weight→yield	0.181**	0.786**	-	0.142	0.265
种植密度→穗粒数→产量 Planting density→kernels per spike→yield	-0.499**	0.863	-	-0.431
种植密度→收获穗数→产量 Planting density→effective panicles number→yield	0.571**	0.970**	-	0.554
倒伏程度→百粒重→产量 Degree of lodging→100-seed weight→yield	-0.149*	0.786**	-	-0.117	-0.027
倒伏程度→穗粒数→产量 Degree of lodging→kernels per spike→yield	0.247**	0.863	-	0.213
倒伏程度→收获穗数→产量 Degree of lodging→effective panicles number→yield	-0.127**	0.970**	-	-0.123
株型→百粒重→产量 Plant type→100-seed weight→yield	-0.221*	0.786**	-	-0.174	-0.174
株型→穗粒数→产量 Plant type→kernels per spike→yield	0.168	0.863	-	0.146
株型→收获穗数→产量 Plant type→effective panicles number→yield	-0.008	0.970**	-	-0.010
株高→百粒重→产量 Plant height→100-seed weight→yield	0.188	0.786**	-	0.148	-0.130
株高→穗粒数→产量 Plant height→kernels per spike→yield	0.011	0.863	-	0.010
株高→收获穗数→产量 Plant height→effective panicles number→yield	-0.134**	0.970**	-	-0.130
种植密度→倒伏程度→百粒重→产量 Planting density→degree of lodging→100-seed weight→yield	-0.221**	-0.149	0.786**	0.026	0.006
种植密度→倒伏程度→穗粒数→产量 Planting density→degree of lodging→kernels per spike→yield	-0.221**	0.247	0.863	-0.047
种植密度→倒伏程度→收获穗数→产量 Planting density→degree of lodging→effective panicles number→yield	-0.221**	-0.127	0.970**	0.027
株型→倒伏程度→百粒重→产量 Plant type→degree of lodging→100-seed weight→yield	-0.094	-0.149	0.786**	0.011	0.000
株型→倒伏程度→穗粒数→产量 Plant type→degree of lodging→kernels per spike→yield	-0.094	0.247	0.863	-0.020
株型→倒伏程度→收获穗数→产量 Plant type→degree of lodging→effective panicles number→yield	-0.094	-0.127	0.970**	0.012
株高→倒伏程度→百粒重→产量 Plant height→degree of lodging→100-seed weight→yield	0.292**	-0.149	0.786**	-0.034	-0.008
株高→倒伏程度→穗粒数→产量 Plant height→degree of lodging→kernels per spike→yield	0.292**	0.247	0.863	0.062
株高→倒伏程度→收获穗数→产量 Plant height→degree of lodging→effective panicles number→yield	0.292**	-0.127	0.970**	-0.036

表3

图8

参考文献 34

[1]	赵久然, 王荣焕. 中国玉米生产发展历程、存在问题及对策. 中国农业科技导报, 2013, 15(3): 1-6.
	ZHAO J R, WANG R H. Development process, problem and countermeasure of maize production in China. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2013, 15(3): 1-6. (in Chinese)
[2]	TOLLENAAR M, DWYER L M, STEWART D W. Ear and kernel formation in maize hybrids representing three decades of grain yield improvement in Ontario. Crop Science, 1992, 32(2): cropsci1992.0011183X003200020030x.
[3]	TANG J H, TENG W T, YAN J B, MA X Q, MENG Y J, DAI J R, LI J S. Genetic dissection of plant height by molecular markers using a population of recombinant inbred lines in maize. Euphytica, 2007, 155(1): 117-124.
[4]	KANG M S, DIN A K, ZHANG Y D, MAGARI R. Combining ability for rind puncture resistance in maize. Crop Science, 1999, 39(2): cropsci1999.0011183X0039000200011x.
[5]	李国恒, 李绍伟, 吴欣, 赵国建, 李文仓, 刘素玲. 玉米倒伏的原因分析及防治措施. 中国农技推广, 2010, 26(3): 42-43.
	LI G H, LI S W, WU X, ZHAO G J, LI W C, LIU S L. Analysis of the causes of maize lodging and prevention measures. China Agricultural Technology Extension, 2010, 26(3): 42-43. (in Chinese)
[6]	韩欣澳, 郑迎霞, 陈杜, 魏鹏程, 程乙, 刘代铃, 宋碧. 种植密度对贵州春玉米冠层特性和产量的影响. 玉米科学, 2024, 32(9): 78-86.
	HAN X A, ZHENG Y X, CHEN D, WEI P C, CHENG Y, LIU D L, SONG B. Effects of planting density on canopy characteristics and yield of spring maize in Guizhou. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2024, 32(9): 78-86. (in Chinese)
[7]	石德杨, 李艳红, 王飞飞, 夏德君, 矫岩林, 孙妮娜, 赵健. 高密度下扩行缩株对夏玉米干物质与养分积累、转运的调控效应. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(23): 4658-4672. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.23.007.
	SHI D Y, LI Y H, WANG F F, XIA D J, JIAO Y L, SUN N N, ZHAO J. Regulation effects of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage on dry matter and nutrient accumulation and transport of summer maize under high plant density. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(23): 4658-4672. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.23.007. (in Chinese)
[8]	李晓红, 王克如, 张国强, 明博, 薛军, 方梁, 张婷婷, 叶建全, 李少昆. 增密和株行距优化提高西辽河平原沙地滴灌玉米的产量与水氮利用效率. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(14): 2766-2781. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.14.005.
	LI X H, WANG K R, ZHANG G Q, MING B, XUE J, FANG L, ZHANG T T, YE J Q, LI S K. Increasing planting density and optimizing plant row spacing to improve yield water and nitrogen use efficiency of drip-irrigated maize in sandy areas of the xiliaohe plain. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(14): 2766-2781. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.14.005. (in Chinese)
[9]	杨泽宇, 吕慎强, 李嘉, 李惠通, 王筱斐, 王林权. 氮肥和品种及种植密度对春玉米机械化收获性状及产量的影响. 农业工程学报, 2023, 39(18): 41-50.
	YANG Z Y, LYU S Q, LI J, LI H T, WANG X F, WANG L Q. Effects of nitrogen, variety and planting density on the mechanized harvest characters and yield of spring maize. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2023, 39(18): 41-50. (in Chinese)
[10]	张冬梅, 杨柯, 姜春霞, 张伟, 黄明镜, 刘化涛, 闫六英, 刘恩科, 翟广谦, 王娟玲. 密度对春玉米生理成熟后倒伏变化的影响. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2021, 29(5): 855-869.
	ZHANG D M, YANG K, JIANG C X, ZHANG W, HUANG M J, LIU H T, YAN L Y, LIU E K, ZHAI G Q, WANG J L. Effect of planting density on lodging change of spring maize after physiological maturity. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2021, 29(5): 855-869. (in Chinese)
[11]	田龙兵, 沈兆崟, 赵孝天, 张放, 侯文峰, 高强, 王寅. 种植密度与施氮量互作对不同玉米品种产量和水分利用效率的影响. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(21): 4221-4237. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.21.005.
	TIAN L B, SHEN Z Y, ZHAO X T, ZHANG F, HOU W F, GAO Q, WANG Y. Interactive effects of planting density and nitrogen application rate on plant grain yield and water use efficiency of two maize cultivars. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(21): 4221-4237. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.21.005. (in Chinese)
[12]	谷利敏, 乔江方, 张美微, 朱卫红, 黄璐, 代书桃, 董树亭, 刘京宝. 种植密度对不同耐密夏玉米品种茎秆性状与抗倒伏能力的影响. 玉米科学, 2017, 25(5): 91-97.
	GU L M, QIAO J F, ZHANG M W, ZHU W H, HUANG L, DAI S T, DONG S T, LIU J B. Effect of planting density on stalk characteristics and lodging-resistant capacity of different density-resistant summer maize varieties. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2017, 25(5): 91-97. (in Chinese)
[13]	任佰朝, 李利利, 董树亭, 刘鹏, 赵斌, 杨今胜, 王丁波, 张吉旺. 种植密度对不同株高夏玉米品种茎秆性状与抗倒伏能力的影响. 作物学报, 2016, 42(12): 1864-1872.
	REN B Z, LI L L, DONG S T, LIU P, ZHAO B, YANG J S, WANG D B, ZHANG J W. Effects of plant density on stem traits and lodging resistance of summer maize hybrids with different plant heights. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2016, 42(12): 1864-1872. (in Chinese)
[14]	李翔宇, 刘健茁, 胡丹丹, 刘耕瑜, 陈良宇, 李冰, 杜万里, 宋波. 玉米种质资源对瘤黑粉病的抗性评价及生理差异分析. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(13): 2504-2521. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.13.002.
	LI X Y, LIU J Z, HU D D, LIU G Y, CHEN L Y, LI B, DU W L, SONG B. Characterization of maize germplasm resistance to common smut and analysis of physiological differences. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(13): 2504-2521. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.13.002. (in Chinese)
[15]	张洪生, 赵明, 吴沛波, 翟延举, 姜雯. 种植密度对玉米茎秆和穗部性状的影响. 玉米科学, 2009, 17(5): 130-133.
	ZHANG H S, ZHAO M, WU P B, ZHAI Y J, JIANG W. Effects of the plant density on the characteristics of maize stem and ear. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2009, 17(5): 130-133. (in Chinese)
[16]	ZHANG M, CHEN T, HOJATOLLAH L, FENG X M, CAO T H, QIAN C R, DENG A X, SONG Z W, ZHANG W J. How plant density affects maize spike differentiation, kernel set, and grain yield formation in Northeast China? Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2018, 17(8): 1745-1757.
[17]	欧阳西荣, 涂先德, 吴玉林, 刘山. 玉米品种穗部性状与高产稳产性的关系. 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2007 (5): 525-529.
	OUYANG X R, TU X D, WU Y L, LIU S. Relationship between ear characters and high-yield stability of maize varieties. Journal of Hunan Agricultural University (Natural Sciences), 2007 (5): 525-529. (in Chinese)
[18]	陈尚洪, 陈红琳, 沈学善, 王昌桃, 张玉兰, 刘定辉. 密度和施氮量对丘陵区机播夏玉米产量及倒伏影响研究. 西南农业学报, 2012, 25(3): 805-808.
	CHEN S H, CHEN H L, SHEN X S, WANG C T, ZHANG Y L, LIU D H. Effects of planting density and nitrogen application on yield and lodging of mechanized sowing summer maize. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2012, 25(3): 805-808. (in Chinese)
[19]	李长红, 许海涛, 孙联合. 夏玉米形态指标、氮肥利用及抗倒特性对密度与氮肥耦合效应的响应. 江苏农业科学, 2022, 50(11): 63-70.
	LI C H, XU H T, SUN L H. Response of summer maize morphological indicators, nitrogen fertilizer utilization and anti-inverting characteristics on the coupling effect of density and nitrogen fertilizer. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 50(11): 63-70. (in Chinese)
[20]	赵耀, 程前, 徐田军, 刘正, 王荣焕, 赵久然, 陆大雷, 李从锋. 高密度条件下株型改良对春玉米根-冠特征及籽粒产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(7): 1296-1310. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.07.003.
	ZHAO Y, CHENG Q, XU T J, LIU Z, WANG R H, ZHAO J R, LU D L, LI C F. Effects of plant type improvement on root-canopy characteristics and grain yield of spring maize under high density condition. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(7): 1296-1310. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.07.003. (in Chinese)
[21]	刘月, 明博, 李姚姚, 王克如, 侯鹏, 薛军, 李少昆, 谢瑞芝. 基于根冠协调发展的东北春玉米高产种植密度分析. 作物学报, 2023, 49(3): 795-807.
	LIU Y, MING B, LI Y Y, WANG K R, HOU P, XUE J, LI S K, XIE R Z. Analysis on high yield planting density of spring maize in Northeast China from root and shoot coordinated development. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(3): 795-807. (in Chinese)
[22]	程云, 王枟刘, 杨静, 张子学, 刘正, 李文阳. 种植密度对夏玉米基部节间性状与倒伏的影响. 玉米科学, 2015, 23(5): 112-116.
	CHENG Y, WANG Y L, YANG J, ZHANG Z X, LIU Z, LI W Y. Effects of planting density on characteristics of basal internodes and lodging in summer maize. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2015, 23(5): 112-116. (in Chinese)
[23]	刘晓林, 马晓君, 豆攀, 黄科程, 王兴龙, 张頔, 孔凡磊, 袁继超. 种植密度对川中丘陵夏玉米茎秆性状及产量的影响. 中国生态农业学报, 2017, 25(3): 356-364.
	LIU X L, MA X J, DOU P, HUANG K C, WANG X L, ZHANG D, KONG F L, YUAN J C. Effect of planting density on stem characteristics and yield of summer maize in the Hilly Central Sichuan Basin, China. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2017, 25(3): 356-364. (in Chinese)
[24]	张世煌. 中美两国玉米育种思路和技术水平的比较. 北京农业, 2007(14): 13-16.
	ZHANG S H. Comparison of maize breeding ideas and technical levels in China and the United States. Beijing Agriculture, 2007(14): 13-16. (in Chinese)
[25]	刘战东, 肖俊夫, 南纪琴, 冯跃华. 倒伏对夏玉米叶面积、产量及其构成因素的影响. 中国农学通报, 2010, 26(18): 107-110.
	LIU Z D, XIAO J F, NAN J Q, FENG Y H. Effect of different levels lodging on leaf area index, yield and its components of summer maize. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2010, 26(18): 107-110. (in Chinese)
[26]	张桂萍, Mukti Marasini, 李薇薇, 张凤路. 不同玉米品种的茎秆性状对茎秆弹性和耐密性的响应. 华北农学报, 2024, 39(2): 79-89.
	ZHANG G P, MARASINI M, LI W W, ZHANG F L. Response of stalk traits to stalk elasticity and density tolerance of different maize cultivars. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(2): 79-89. (in Chinese)
[27]	吴琼, 杨克军, 张翼飞, 王玉凤, 张文超, 陈天宇, 张鹏飞, 庞晨, 尹雪巍, 王怀鹏, 等. 不同基因型玉米耐密植抗倒性分析及其鉴定指标的筛选. 玉米科学, 2017, 25(6): 79-86.
	WU Q, YANG K J, ZHANG Y F, WANG Y F, ZHANG W C, CHEN T Y, ZHANG P F, PANG C, YIN X W, WANG H P, et al. Analysis of lodging resistance and determination of resistance evaluation indicators in different maize genotypes under higher population density selection pressures. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2017, 25(6): 79-86. (in Chinese)
[28]	BECK D L, DARRAH L L, ZUBER M S. Effect of sink level on root and stalk quality in maize. Crop Science, 1988, 28(1): 11-18.
[29]	程富丽, 杜雄, 刘梦星, 靳小利, 崔彦宏. 玉米倒伏及其对产量的影响. 玉米科学, 2011, 19(1): 105-108.
	CHENG F L, DU X, LIU M X, JIN X L, CUI Y H. Lodging of summer maize and the effects on grain yield. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2011, 19(1): 105-108. (in Chinese)
[30]	郭书磊, 陈娜娜, 齐建双, 岳润清, 韩小花, 燕树锋, 卢彩霞, 傅晓雷, 郭新海, 铁双贵. 不同密度下玉米倒伏相关性状与产量的研究. 玉米科学, 2018, 26(5): 71-77.
	GUO S L, CHEN N N, QI J S, YUE R Q, HAN X H, YAN S F, LU C X, FU X L, GUO X H, TIE S G. Study on the relationship between yield and lodging traits of maize under different planting densities. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2018, 26(5): 71-77. (in Chinese)
[31]	贾志森, 白永新. 玉米自交系抗倒伏鉴定研究. 作物品种资源, 1992 (3): 30-32.
	JIA Z S, BAI Y X. Study on the identification of anti-lost in maize inbred line. Crop variety resources, 1992 (3): 30-32. (in Chinese)
[32]	SANGOI L, GRACIETTI M A, RAMPAZZO C, BIANCHETTI P. Response of Brazilian maize hybrids from different eras to changes in plant density. Field Crops Research, 2002, 79(1): 39-51.
[33]	顾明琪, 刘晓丽, 吕悬龙, 黄收兵, 王璞, 廖树华. 穗位高系数对玉米产量及产量构成的影响. 中国农业大学学报, 2023, 28(3): 1-10.
	GU M Q, LIU X L, LV X L, HUANG S B, WANG P, LIAO S H. Effects of ear-to-plant height ratio on yield and yield composition of maize. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2023, 28(3): 1-10. (in Chinese)
[34]	杨利华, 张丽华, 杨世丽, 马瑞昆, 张全国. 不同株高玉米品种部分群体质量指标对种植密度的反应. 华北农学报, 2007, 22(6): 139-146.
	YANG L H, ZHANG L H, YANG S L, MA R K, ZHANG Q G. Responses of some population quality indices of maize hybrids differing in plant height to planting density. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2007, 22(6): 139-146. (in Chinese)

种植密度 Planting density (×10⁴ plants/hm²)	收获穗数 Effective panicles number	穗粒数 Kernels per spike	百粒重 100-seed weight	株高 Plant height	穗位高 Ear height	穗位高系数 Ear height coefficient
7.2	0.200	0.373*	0.622**	-0.060	0.350	0.120
8.3	0.555**	0.040	0.468**	-0.090	-0.150	-0.150
9.2	0.497**	0.090	0.358**	-0.030	0.150	0.040
10.4	0.210	0.300	0.370	0.470	0.460	0.550
7.2-10.4	0.472**	-0.020	0.409**	0.004	-0.057	-0.011

多因素管理下大兴安岭南麓玉米种植密度及耐密抗倒品种选择

Selection of Maize Planting Density and Dense-Planting Tolerant and Lodging-Resistant Varieties in the Southern Foothills of the Greater Khingan Mountains under Multi-Factor Management

RichHTML

PDF

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 11

参考文献 34

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	蒲丽霞, 张佳芮, 叶建萍, 黄秀兰, 樊高琼, 杨洪坤. 二氢赤霉素与秸秆覆盖对旱地小麦分蘖成穗与产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(9): 1735-1748.
[2]	郭晨荔, 刘扬, 陈燕, 胡伟, 王友华, 周治国, 赵文青. 减氮条件下适当磷肥后移对滴灌棉花产量和磷肥利用效率的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(9): 1749-1766.
[3]	刘劲松, 伍龙梅, 包晓哲, 刘志霞, 张彬, 杨陶陶. 短期减施氮肥对华南地区早晚兼用型水稻产量和稻米品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(8): 1508-1520.
[4]	韦文华, 李盼, 邵冠贵, 樊志龙, 胡发龙, 范虹, 何蔚, 柴强, 殷文, 赵连豪. 西北灌区青贮玉米产量及品质对减量灌水与有机无机肥配施的响应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(8): 1521-1534.
[5]	薛钰琦, 赵继玉, 孙旺胜, 任佰朝, 赵斌, 刘鹏, 张吉旺. 不同氮素形态对夏玉米产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(8): 1535-1549.
[6]	李绍兴, 宋稳锋, 魏泽煜, 周玉玲, 宋李霞, 任可, 马群, 王龙昌. 秸秆与紫云英覆盖对土壤肥力及甘薯产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(8): 1591-1603.
[7]	尹波, 于爱忠, 王鹏飞, 杨学慧, 王玉珑, 尚永盼, 张冬玲, 刘亚龙, 李悦, 王凤. 绿肥还田结合氮肥减施对干旱灌区麦田土壤水热特征及小麦产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(7): 1366-1380.
[8]	陈桂平, 李盼, 邵冠贵, 吴霞玉, 殷文, 赵连豪, 樊志龙, 胡发龙. 减量灌水与有机无机肥配施对青贮玉米吐丝期后叶片持绿特性的调控作用[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(7): 1381-1396.
[9]	赵耀, 程前, 徐田军, 刘正, 王荣焕, 赵久然, 陆大雷, 李从锋. 高密度条件下株型改良对春玉米根-冠特征及籽粒产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(7): 1296-1310.
[10]	张洪程, 邢志鹏, 张瑞宏, 单翔, 奚小波, 程爽, 翁文安, 胡群, 崔培媛, 魏海燕. 小麦整合化无人化丰产栽培的特征与技术途径[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(5): 864-876.
[11]	张涵, 张玉琪, 黎景来, 徐虹, 李维环, 李涛. LED补光对日光温室基质栽培草莓生产及叶片生理特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(5): 975-990.
[12]	陈鸽, 谷雨, 文炯, 傅岳峰, 何兮, 李薇, 周峻宇, 刘琼峰, 吴海勇. 冬闲杂草还田对水稻光合物质生产和产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(4): 647-659.
[13]	苏明, 李翻过, 洪自强, 周甜, 柳强娟, 班文慧, 吴宏亮, 康建宏. 施氮缓解旱地马铃薯花后高温早衰的抗氧化特性研究[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(4): 660-675.
[14]	史帆, 李文广, 易树生, 杨娜, 陈玉萌, 郑伟, 张雪辰, 李紫燕, 翟丙年. 有机无机肥配施下旱地麦田土壤有机碳组分含量的变化特征[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(4): 719-732.
[15]	罗一诺, 李艳霏, 李文虎, 张思琦, 牟文燕, 黄宁, 孙蕊卿, 丁玉兰, 佘文婷, 宋文斌, 李小涵, 石美, 王朝辉. 我国新育成小麦品种（系）籽粒不同部位铁含量及影响因素[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(3): 416-430.

年份 Year	品种数量 Number of varieties	种植密度 Planting density (×10⁴ plants/hm²)	样本数量 Number of samples
2022	30	7.2	30
2023	32	9.2	32
2024	96	8.3、9.2、10.4	190