球孢白僵菌与钾元素互作对番茄果实品质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.06.007

中国农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (6): 1131-1144.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.06.007

球孢白僵菌与钾元素互作对番茄果实品质的影响

张亚封¹^,²(), 董伟进¹^,², 李启云¹^,², 路杨², 张正坤²(), 隋丽²()

¹ 吉林农业大学农学院，长春 130118
² 吉林省农业科学院（中国农业科技东北创新中心）植物保护研究所/吉林省农业微生物重点实验室/农业农村部东北作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，吉林公主岭 136100

收稿日期:2024-11-13 接受日期:2024-12-13 出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-03-25
通信作者:
张正坤，E-mail：zhangzhengkun1980@126.com。
隋丽，E-mail：suiyaoyi@163.com
联系方式: 张亚封，E-mail：yafeng20210228@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32271683); 吉林省农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2024JJ11)

Effect of Interaction Between Beauveria bassiana and Potassium on Tomato Fruit Quality

ZHANG YaFeng¹^,²(), DONG WeiJin¹^,², LI QiYun¹^,², LU Yang², ZHANG ZhengKun²(), SUI Li²()

¹ Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118
² Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China)/Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Gongzhuling 136100, Jilin

Received:2024-11-13 Accepted:2024-12-13 Published:2025-03-25 Online:2025-03-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究球孢白僵菌（Beauveria bassiana）在番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）植株中定殖与钾元素的互作，并评估在不同钾肥施用量条件下，球孢白僵菌定殖对番茄果实品质产生的效应。【方法】采用盆栽实验，设置6个处理组，包括不同钾肥施用量下对照组和球孢白僵菌接种处理组，且钾肥的用量分别按照番茄田间施用量的0、50%与100%设置。球孢白僵菌接种后，通过PDA平板检测法评估其在番茄植株内的定殖率，明确钾元素对球孢白僵菌定殖植物的影响；检测不同时期、不同处理中土壤、叶片和果实中钾含量，明确白僵菌定殖对植物钾元素利用及植株生长的影响；通过分析果形指数、果皮硬度、保质期、可溶性糖和可滴定酸含量，明确球孢白僵菌与钾元素互作对番茄果实风味品质及货架期的影响；构建多元回归模型，分析二者互作与番茄品质的相关性。【结果】钾元素能够提高球孢白僵菌在番茄植株中的定殖率；在正常外源施钾条件下，球孢白僵菌的定殖率最高，达到90.00%；球孢白僵菌定殖显著促进番茄植株对钾元素的吸收和利用；在未施加额外钾肥的情况下，苗期土壤中的钾含量降低39.15%，果实中的钾含量提高1.83%；球孢白僵菌定殖能够显著促进番茄果实中可溶性糖及维生素C的积累，并有效降低可滴定酸的含量，从而优化了果实的糖酸比例，提升了整体风味品质；在施加正常量钾肥条件下，球孢白僵菌定殖使番茄果实的风味品质达到最佳状态，其中，果实可溶性糖含量提高1.02%，可滴定酸含量降低25.97%，果实糖酸比提高37.17%，果实保质期延长40.24%；钾元素与球孢白僵菌共同作用对可溶性糖含量影响程度最大。【结论】球孢白僵菌定殖能够通过调节番茄植株钾元素利用效率提升果实品质，并延长果实的保质期。此外，本研究构建的多元回归方程可有效预测、评估番茄的品质。

关键词: 球孢白僵菌, 番茄, 内生定殖, 经济作物, 营养元素利用, 果实品质

Abstract:

【Objective】 The objective of this study is to explore the interaction between Beauveria bassiana colonization and potassium in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants, and to evaluate the effects of the interaction on tomato fruit quality under different potassium fertilizer application rates.【Method】 Six treatment groups were set up by using pot experiments, including control group and B. bassiana inoculation treatment group under different potassium fertilizer application rates, and the amount of potassium fertilizer was set according to 0, 50% and 100% of tomato field application rate. After inoculation of B. bassiana, the colonization rate of B. bassiana in tomato plants was evaluated by PDA plate assay, and the effect of potassium on the colonization of B. bassiana was determined by colonization rate detection. The effects of B. bassiana colonization on plant potassium utilization and plant growth were determined by detecting potassium content in soil, leaves and fruits under different treatments. The effects of interaction between B. bassiana and potassium on the flavor quality and shelf life of tomato fruits were determined by analyzing fruit shape index, peel hardness, shelf life, soluble sugar and titratable acid content. A multiple regression model was constructed to analyze the correlation between their interaction and tomato quality.【Result】 Potassium could improve the colonization rate of B. bassiana in tomato plants; under the condition of normal exogenous potassium application, the colonization rate of B. bassiana was the highest, reaching 90.00%; the colonization of B. bassiana significantly promoted the absorption and utilization of potassium in tomato plants. In the absence of additional potassium fertilizer, the potassium content in the soil at the seedling stage decreased by 39.15%, and the potassium content in the fruit increased by 1.83%, respectively. The colonization of B. bassiana could significantly promote the accumulation of soluble sugar and vitamin C in tomato fruits, and effectively reduce the content of titratable acid, thus optimizing the sugar acid ratio of fruits and improving the overall flavor quality. Under the condition of applying normal amount of potassium fertilizer, the colonization of B. bassiana made the flavor quality of tomato fruit reach the best state. Among them, the soluble sugar content of fruit increased by 1.02%, the titratable acid content decreased by 25.97%, the sugar acid ratio of fruit increased by 37.17%, and the shelf life of fruit prolonged by 40.24%. The combined effect of potassium and B. bassiana had the greatest influence on soluble sugar content.【Conclusion】 The colonization of B. bassiana can improve fruit quality and prolong the shelf life of fruits by regulating the potassium utilization efficiency of tomato plants. In addition, the multiple regression equation constructed in this study can effectively predict and evaluate the quality of tomatoes.

Key words: Beauveria bassiana, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), endophytic colonization, economic crop, utilization of nutrient elements, fruit quality

张亚封, 董伟进, 李启云, 路杨, 张正坤, 隋丽. 球孢白僵菌与钾元素互作对番茄果实品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(6): 1131-1144.

ZHANG YaFeng, DONG WeiJin, LI QiYun, LU Yang, ZHANG ZhengKun, SUI Li. Effect of Interaction Between Beauveria bassiana and Potassium on Tomato Fruit Quality[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(6): 1131-1144.

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处理Treatment	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content (g·100 g^-1)	可滴定酸含量 Titratable acid content (g·100 g^-1)	维生素C含量 Vitamin C content (mg·100 g^-1)	糖酸比 Sugar acid ratio
Control	2.91±0e	1.81±0.08a	10.32±0.21c	1.61±0.08b
Bb	2.93±0cd	1.68±0.10ab	15.48±0.69ab	1.76±0.10b
K₁	2.94±0bc	1.88±0.04a	14.09±0.52b	1.57±0.03b
K₁+Bb	2.95±0b	1.74±0.08ab	15.48±0.34ab	1.70±0.08b
K₂	2.93±0cd	1.54±0.08b	15.77±0.17a	1.91±0.10b
K₂+Bb	2.96±0a	1.14±0.08c	16.47±0.72a	2.62±0.18a

品质指标Quality index	方程Equation (y=)	调整决定系数Adjust R²	P值P value
可溶性糖含量Soluble sugar content	2.8822+0.0178x₁+0.0133x₂	0.7343	<0.0001
可滴定酸含量Titratable acid content	2.3722-0.2244x₁-0.2017x₂	0.4993	<0.0001
维生素C含量Vitamin C content	7.7544+2.4156x₁+1.6117x₂	0.6437	<0.0001
糖酸比Sugar acid ratio	0.7906+0.3278x₁+0.2892x₂	0.5004	<0.0001

球孢白僵菌与钾元素互作对番茄果实品质的影响

Effect of Interaction Between Beauveria bassiana and Potassium on Tomato Fruit Quality

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