不同肥力潮土的酶活计量比特征及其与微生物量的关系

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.20.011

中国农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (20): 4226-4236.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.20.011

• 土壤肥料·节水灌溉·农业生态环境 • 上一篇下一篇

不同肥力潮土的酶活计量比特征及其与微生物量的关系

张露^1,²(),张水清³,任科宇²,李俊杰²,段英华²(),徐明岗^2,⁴()

¹吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春 130118
²中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/耕地培育技术国家工程实验室,北京 100081
³河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,郑州 450002
⁴中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江 524091

收稿日期:2020-01-19 接受日期:2020-04-24 出版日期:2020-10-16 发布日期:2020-10-26
通讯作者: 段英华,徐明岗
作者简介:张露,E-mail: 875374809@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0200301);国家自然科学基金(42077098)

Soil Ecoenzymatic Stoichiometry and Relationship with Microbial Biomass in Fluvo-Aquic Soils with Various Fertilities

ZHANG Lu^1,²(),ZHANG ShuiQing³,REN KeYu²,LI JunJie²,DUAN YingHua²(),XU MingGang^2,⁴()

¹College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118
²Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Beijing 100081
³Institute of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002
⁴South Asian Institute of Tropical Crops, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091,Guangdong

Received:2020-01-19 Accepted:2020-04-24 Online:2020-10-16 Published:2020-10-26
Contact: YingHua DUAN,MingGang XU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究不同肥力土壤上胞外酶活性,阐明胞外酶活性计量比特征及其影响因素,为阐明土壤生物肥力差异的机制与土壤培肥提供理论依据。【方法】选取了高、中、低肥力的潮土,分析其微生物量碳、氮（SMBC、SMBN）含量以及β-1, 4-葡萄糖苷酶（β-1, 4-glucosidase,BG）、纤维二糖水解酶（Cellobiohydrolase,CBH）、β-1, 4-N-乙酰葡糖氨糖苷酶（β-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase,NAG）、亮氨酸氨基肽酶（leucine aminopeptidase,LAP）和碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase,AP）活性。采用生态化学计量学方法分析该5种酶活性在不同肥力土壤间的差异,以及酶活与土壤微生物量间的定量关系。【结果】高肥力土壤SMBC是中肥力土壤的2.6倍,低肥力土壤的5.8倍;高肥力土壤SMBN为中肥力土壤的3.1倍,低肥力土壤的5.5倍。SMBC/SMBN在不同肥力土壤间无显著差异。土壤碳氮磷转化酶活性和综合酶指数均表现为高肥力土壤>中肥力土壤>低肥力土壤,且土壤胞外酶活性与微生物量碳氮表现为直线正相关关系。SMBC和SMBN每增加1 mg·kg^-1,（BG+CBH）和（NAG+LAP）活性分别可提高0.134和10.53 nmol·g^-1·h^-1。ln (BG+CBH):ln (NAG+LAP)和ln (BG+CBH):ln AP均小于1,表明碳源是潮土养分转化的首要限制因素。高肥力土壤上碳、氮、磷酶活比例较低肥力土壤更接近适宜值。【结论】潮土上应配施有机肥或进行秸秆还田,保证充足的碳源以解决养分有效性限制的问题,促进氮磷的养分循环转化。适宜的活性碳氮磷比例是高肥力土壤高产高效的重要机制之一。

关键词: 潮土, 土壤肥力, 养分限制, 生态化学计量学, 微生物量碳氮, 胞外酶活性

Abstract:

【Objective】 Microorganisms and soil enzymes are important drivers for nutrient cycles in farmland soil. To improve the soil fertility and apply fertilizer reasonably, it’s essential to understand the ecoenzymatic stoichiometry of carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus (C : N : P) and quantify its relationship with microbial biomass in soils with various soil fertility levels.【Method】Soil samples were collected from five farmer fields, including high, medium and low fertility levels. Soil type was fluvo-aquic soil. The contents of microbial biomass C and N (SMBC and SMBN), activities of five enzymes and integrated enzyme index (IEI) were analyzed. The enzymes included C-related: β-1, 4-glucosidase (BG) and Cellobiohydrolase (CBH); N-related: β-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP); P-related: alkaline phosphatase (AP). The stoichiometry of the enzymes and its relationship with corresponding microbial biomass were studied. 【Result】 The SMBC of high fertility soil was 2.6 and 5.8 times of that in medium and low fertility soil, respectively, and SMBN in high fertility soil was about 3.1 and 5.5 times as much as that in medium and low fertility soils, respectively. There was no significant difference for SMBC/SMBN among the soils. All the five enzyme activities and IEIfollowed the same trend among soils: high fertility > medium fertility > low fertility, and there was a positive linear correlation between C-related/N-related enzymes with SMBC/SMBN. The slope of the relationship indicated that the activity of (BG + CBH) and (NAG + LAP) were increased by 0.134 and 10.53 nmol·g^-1·h^-1 when SMBC and SMBN were increased by 1 mg·kg^-1, respectively. The ratio were lower than 1 both for ln (BG+CBH) : ln (NAG+LAP) and ln (BG+CBH) : ln AP, indicating that the primary limiting factor for nutrient transformation was carbon resource in fluvo-aquic soil. The C : N : P stoichiometry of enzymes in high fertility soil was closer to optimum value than that in low fertility soil.【Conclusion】Application of organic materials, such as manure and straw, would be an efficiency management strategy to promote nutrient cycling by supplement C resources in fluvo-aquic soil. Appropriate ecoenzymatic C : N : P stoichiometry might contribute the high yield and nutrient use efficiency in high fertility soil.

Key words: fluvo-aquic soil, soil fertility, nutrient limitation, eco-stoichiometry, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, extracellular enzyme activity

张露,张水清,任科宇,李俊杰,段英华,徐明岗. 不同肥力潮土的酶活计量比特征及其与微生物量的关系[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(20): 4226-4236.

ZHANG Lu,ZHANG ShuiQing,REN KeYu,LI JunJie,DUAN YingHua,XU MingGang. Soil Ecoenzymatic Stoichiometry and Relationship with Microbial Biomass in Fluvo-Aquic Soils with Various Fertilities[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(20): 4226-4236.

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土壤编号 Soil number	有机碳 Organic C (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total N (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total P (g·kg^-1)	全钾 Total K (g·kg^-1)	碱解氮 Alkaline N (mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Olsen-P (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K (mg·kg^-1)	pH
S1	2.94	0.31	0.60	20.68	43.8	13.7	160.7	8.22
S2	7.89	0.82	0.83	21.98	73.6	41.4	246.7	8.23
S3	8.79	0.86	0.95	20.54	55.1	35.2	106.8	8.39
S4	9.41	0.93	0.79	21.17	69.7	54.7	211.3	8.37
S5	16.14	1.61	1.17	21.83	112.6	37.4	258.2	8.11

土壤编号 Soil number	微生物量碳 SMBC (mg·kg^-1)	微生物量氮 SMBN (mg·kg^-1)	SMBC/SMBN	SMBC/SOC (%)	SMBN/TN (%)
S1	114.87e	15.21d	7.66b	3.91a	4.92a
S2	239.52c	19.26d	12.43a	3.03bc	2.35d
S3	215.42d	23.00c	9.56b	2.65c	2.83c
S4	312.48b	37.95b	8.24b	3.42ab	4.08b
S5	662.48a	84.05a	7.88b	4.02a	5.23a

不同肥力潮土的酶活计量比特征及其与微生物量的关系

Soil Ecoenzymatic Stoichiometry and Relationship with Microbial Biomass in Fluvo-Aquic Soils with Various Fertilities

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