全麦粉和小麦粉中烷基间苯二酚同系物组成的对比分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.10.012

中国农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (10): 2055-2065.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.10.012

全麦粉和小麦粉中烷基间苯二酚同系物组成的对比分析

邹燕羽,方勇(),李彭,黄沁沁,夏季,刘琴,谢旻皓,胡秋辉

南京财经大学食品科学与工程学院/江苏省现代粮食流通与安全协同创新中心/江苏省粮油品质控制及深加工技术重点实验室,南京 210023

收稿日期:2019-11-06 接受日期:2020-01-31 出版日期:2020-05-16 发布日期:2020-05-22
通讯作者: 方勇
作者简介:邹燕羽,Tel：15861819199;E-mail：yanyuzou@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0401203);全国粮食行业青年拔尖人才服务行业需求自主选题项目(LQ2018301);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划(KYCX18_1414)

Comparative Analysis of Alkylresorcinols Homologue Composition in Whole Wheat Flour and Refined Wheat Flour

ZOU YanYu,FANG Yong(),LI Peng,HUANG QinQin,XIA Ji,LIU Qin,XIE MinHao,HU QiuHui

College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Control and Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023

Received:2019-11-06 Accepted:2020-01-31 Online:2020-05-16 Published:2020-05-22
Contact: Yong FANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】建立全麦粉标记物烷基间苯二酚（ARs）的高效液相检测方法,对全麦粉和小麦粉中ARs同系物组成进行分析,实现全麦粉真伪品质评价。【方法】探究高效液相条件,建立ARs同系物5-十七烷基间苯二酚（C17:0）、5-十九烷基间苯二酚（C19:0）、5-二十一烷基间苯二酚（C21:0）、5-二十三烷基间苯二酚（C23:0）和5-二十五烷基间苯二酚（C25:0）的高效液相检测方法,并进行方法学评价。以国内外全麦粉、小麦粉及小麦麸皮等共47份样品为研究对象,测定ARs同系物的含量,分析其ARs同系物组成,并进行热图分析和主成分分析。【结果】选用ZORBAX SB-C18（150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm,Agilent）色谱柱,流动相选用0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液进行梯度洗脱,在紫外检测波长280 nm、柱温35℃、流速0.5 mL·min^-1、进样量20 μL条件下,可在35 min内有效分离5种ARs同系物,各个同系物的色谱峰峰形对称,分离度好。经方法学评价,该方法具有良好的精密度和灵敏度,标准曲线线性相关系数均大于0.999,检出限为0.06—0.19 μg·mL ^-1,回收率为81.16%—112.92%,精密度标准偏差为0.02%—4.02%,可作为ARs同系物的测定方法。通过热图聚类分析可知不同检测样品中ARs同系物组成及总量存在显著差异（P<0.05）。麦粉样品ARs同系物组成中C21:0最多,占33%—61%;C19:0次之,占12%—44%;C17:0、C23:0和C25:0的含量占比较小。美国、加拿大全麦粉的ARs同系物组成丰富度和含量相近,国外全麦粉中ARs同系物组成含量高于国内全麦粉。国内全麦粉中的ARs同系物组成比小麦粉中的ARs同系物组成丰富度高,但个别小麦粉除外。小麦麸皮F₁中ARs同系物组成和总含量显著高于全麦粉和小麦粉,其ARs总含量高达1 795.78 μg·g^-1,与其他样品相比差异显著（P<0.05）。经主成分分析得出,麦粉样品间的主要差异指标为ARs同系物组成含量,作为第1主成分,其累积贡献率为98.40%。小麦麸皮与其他麦粉样品的相对分散最远,中国小麦粉的分散度最大。美国全麦粉和加拿大全麦粉几乎重叠,而中国全麦粉和部分小麦粉与美国、加拿大全麦粉部分交叉。【结论】本研究建立的液相方法能够有效、快速的对全麦粉中ARs同系物进行定量,适用于麦类全谷物产品中ARs同系物含量的测定。同时,通过全麦粉和小麦粉中ARs同系物组成对比分析可知,全麦粉中的ARs同系物组成丰富度优于小麦粉中的ARs同系物组成丰富度。

关键词: 小麦, 全麦粉, 烷基间苯二酚, 高效液相, 同系物, 真伪判别

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to realize the authenticity discrimination of whole wheat flour, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detection and analysis method was established to explore the composition of alkylresorcinols (ARs) homologues in whole wheat flour and refined wheat flour. 【Method】 The HPLC conditions were investigated to determine five kinds of ARs homologues, including 5-heptadecylresorcinol (C17:0), 5-nonadecylresorcinol (C19:0), 5-heneicosylresorcino (C21:0), 5-tricosylresorcinol (C23:0) and 5-hentacosylresorcinol (C25:0), and then a methodological evaluation was processed. The contents and composition of ARs homologues in 47 samples, including whole wheat flour, refined wheat flour and wheat bran from home and abroad, were determined and conducted by heat map and principal component analysis (PCA).【Result】 The chromatographic column of ZORBAX SB-C18 (150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm, Agilent ) was used for gradient elution, and the column was eluted with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and 0.1% formic acid methanol solution. The ARs homologues could be effectively separated within 35 minutes under the UV detection wavelength at 280 nm. The column temperature was 35℃, and the flow rate was 0.5 mL·min^-1with 20 μL injection. The peak shape of each homologue was symmetrical without interference, and the detected resolution was exactly. After methodological evaluation, the method was proved that it had good precision and sensitivity, the linear correlation coefficients of the standard curves were more than 0.999, the detection limit was 0.06-0.19 μg·mL ^-1, the recovery rate was 81.16%-112.92%, and the precision standard deviation was 0.02%-4.02%. Therefore, this method could be applied to determine the composition of ARs homologues. The composition of ARs homologues and total amount of ARs in different samples were found significantly after thermal cluster analysis (P<0.05). Among the ARs homologues of wheat flour samples, C21:0 was the highest, which accounted for 33%-61%; followed by C19:0, which accounted for 12%-44%; while the ratio of C17:0, C23:0 and C25:0 were the least. The content and abundance of ARs homologues in the whole wheat flour of United States and Canada were similar. The content of ARs homologues in abroad whole wheat flour was higher than the whole wheat flour in domestic. The composition of ARs homologues in domestic whole wheat flour was more abundant than refined wheat flour, except for individual refined wheat flour samples. The composition of homologous and total content of ARs in wheat bran F₁ were significantly higher than whole wheat flour and refined wheat flour (P<0.05). The total content of ARs in wheat bran F₁ was 1 795.78 μg·g^-1, which was the most significantly difference compared with other samples (P<0.05). The results of PCA showed that the main difference index between wheat flour samples was the composition of ARs homologues. As the first principal component, the cumulative contribution rate was 98.40%. The relative dispersion between wheat bran and other wheat flour samples was the farthest, while the dispersion of Chinese refined wheat flour was the largest. Even the whole wheat flour of United States and Canada could nearly overlapped, the whole wheat flour and part of refined wheat flour of China could only partially overlapped.【Conclusion】 The HPLC method could be employed to effectively and rapidly quantify the ARs in whole wheat flour products. Moreover, the abundance of ARs homologues in whole wheat flour was better than that of ARs homologues in refined wheat flour under comparative analysis. In summary, the results could provide a theoretical basis for authenticity discrimination and quality control for whole wheat flour by exploring the composition of ARs homologues.

Key words: wheat, whole wheat flour, alkylresorcinols, high performance liquid chromatography, homologues, authenticity discrimination

邹燕羽,方勇,李彭,黄沁沁,夏季,刘琴,谢旻皓,胡秋辉. 全麦粉和小麦粉中烷基间苯二酚同系物组成的对比分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(10): 2055-2065.

ZOU YanYu,FANG Yong,LI Peng,HUANG QinQin,XIA Ji,LIU Qin,XIE MinHao,HU QiuHui. Comparative Analysis of Alkylresorcinols Homologue Composition in Whole Wheat Flour and Refined Wheat Flour[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(10): 2055-2065.

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烷基间苯二酚ARs	线性方程 Linear equation	相关系数 Correlation coefficient (R²)	线性范围 Linearity range (μg?mL^-1)	检出限 LOD (μg?mL^-1)	定量限 LOQ (μg?mL^-1)	相对标准偏差 RSD (%)
C17:0	y=6.344x-1.060	0.9998	1—50	0.06	0.20	3.69
C19:0	y=1.701x-7.916	0.9991	5—500	0.18	0.61	0.98
C21:0	y=4.176x-10.02	0.9995	5—500	0.18	0.59	1.19
C23:0	y=3.836x-3.391	0.9997	1—200	0.19	0.63	2.90
C25:0	y=1.917x+0.418	0.9995	2—100	0.18	0.61	4.89

小麦粉 Wheat flour	加标浓度 Added value (μg?mL^-1)	回收率测定值 Recovery value (%)			平均值±标准偏差 Mean±SD (%)	相对标准偏差 RSD (%)
小麦粉 Wheat flour	加标浓度 Added value (μg?mL^-1)	1	2	3	平均值±标准偏差 Mean±SD (%)	相对标准偏差 RSD (%)
C17:0	1	81.53	80.35	83.87	81.92 ± 1.79	2.18
	10	85.37	84.90	85.84	85.37 ± 0.47	0.55
	50	81.89	80.44	81.13	81.16 ± 0.73	0.89
C19:0	5	109.44	108.85	110.62	109.60 ± 0.90	0.82
	100	87.25	87.25	87.55	87.35 ± 0.17	0.19
	500	84.13	83.17	83.22	83.51 ± 0.54	0.64
C21:0	5	87.69	92.72	94.88	91.76 ± 3.69	4.02
	100	91.10	91.77	91.98	91.62 ± 0.46	0.50
	500	84.37	84.36	84.45	84.39 ± 0.05	0.05
C23:0	1	113.09	112.05	113.61	112.92 ± 0.80	0.71
	20	101.91	100.34	101.12	101.12 ± 0.78	0.77
	100	85.50	85.48	85.48	85.49 ± 0.02	0.02
C25:0	5	87.45	81.19	83.17	83.94 ±3.20	3.81
	20	98.81	92.28	93.12	94.74 ±3.55	3.75
	100	98.32	93.05	94.98	95.45 ±2.67	2.79

全麦粉和小麦粉中烷基间苯二酚同系物组成的对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Alkylresorcinols Homologue Composition in Whole Wheat Flour and Refined Wheat Flour

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