中国农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (7): 1164-1172.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.07.004
所属专题: 葡萄研究专题
收稿日期:
2018-08-01
接受日期:
2018-10-31
出版日期:
2019-04-01
发布日期:
2019-04-04
通讯作者:
王海波
作者简介:
冀晓昊,Tel:13610890936;E-mail: 基金资助:
JI XiaoHao,LIU FengZhi,SHI XiangBin,WANG BaoLiang,LIU PeiPei,WANG HaiBo()
Received:
2018-08-01
Accepted:
2018-10-31
Online:
2019-04-01
Published:
2019-04-04
Contact:
HaiBo WANG
摘要:
【目的】探明架式和新梢间距对‘巨峰’葡萄果实品质的影响,为‘巨峰’葡萄叶幕分布标准化管理提供理论依据。【方法】以6年生‘贝达’砧‘巨峰’葡萄为试材,采用Y型架和龙干型水平架两种架式,通过定梢绳控制新梢间距分别为10、15和20 cm,研究架式和新梢间距对成熟期‘巨峰’葡萄单粒重、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、维生素C、花青苷和香气等果实品质的影响。【结果】单粒重、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和维生素C含量仅与架式存在显著性相关,而与新梢间距不存在显著性相关,花青苷含量与架式和新梢间距均存在显著性相关;香气总含量与架式存在显著性相关,而与新梢间距不存在显著性相关,其中醛类、醇类和萜烯类香气物质含量与香气总含量规律一致,而酯类香气物质含量仅与新梢间距存在一定相关性;对6个处理的单粒重、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、维生素C、花青苷、酯类、醛类、萜烯类和醇类香气含量等9个指标进行Topsis综合评价分析,结果表明水平架配合新梢间距15 cm得分最高。【结论】建议‘巨峰’葡萄在生产中采用斜干水平龙干型配合水平叶幕,定梢绳间距15 cm。
冀晓昊,刘凤之,史祥宾,王宝亮,刘培培,王海波. 架式和新梢间距对‘巨峰’葡萄果实品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(7): 1164-1172.
JI XiaoHao,LIU FengZhi,SHI XiangBin,WANG BaoLiang,LIU PeiPei,WANG HaiBo. The Effects of Different Training Systems and Shoot Spacing on the Fruit Quality of ‘Kyoho’ Grape[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(7): 1164-1172.
表1
不同处理对‘巨峰’葡萄果实品质的影响"
V-10 | V-15 | V-20 | L-10 | L-15 | L-20 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
单粒重 Berry weight (g) | 9.42±0.49ab | 8.24±0.19a | 9.42±0.36ab | 9.74±0.22b | 9.57±0.21b | 10.57±0.81b |
可溶性固形物含量 Soluble solid content (%) | 16.8±0.36a | 16.6±0.18a | 16.3±0.46a | 17.9±0.51b | 17.6±0.40b | 17.6±0.53b |
可滴定酸含量 Titrable acidity (%) | 0.55±0.03ab | 0.54±0.02ab | 0.60±0.06b | 0.55±0.03ab | 0.50±0.02a | 0.52±0.03a |
维生素C含量 Vitamin C content (mg·kg-1) | 24.99±0.11bc | 27.44±0.05d | 23.20±0.10b | 26.12±0.05cd | 24.82±0.10a | 21.09±0.03a |
花青苷含量 Anthocyanin content (mg·g-1) | 2.45±0.24ab | 3.80±1.10bc | 5.16±1.10c | 1.47±0.35a | 1.67±0.29a | 2.00±0.14ab |
表3
不同处理对‘巨峰’葡萄果实香气的影响"
保留时间Retention time (min) | 组分含量 Constituent content (ng·g-1 FW) | 组分名称 Aroma component | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
V-10 | V-15 | V-20 | L-10 | L-15 | L-20 | ||
2.215 | 1344.41±294.13a | 1174.55±113.31a | 1287.89±86.25a | 1042.11±47.52a | 1387.36±154.17a | 1236.74±63.24a | 乙酸乙酯 Ethyl acetate |
5.229 | 543.26±88.27c | 411.65±75.78bc | 416.43±44.61bc | 175.45±36.34a | 200.82±23.16a | 277.23±54.1ab | 丁酸乙酯 Ethyl butyrate |
6.826 | 53.84±11.83c | 40.13±11.72bc | 47.78±10.32c | 11.81±3.35a | 39.8±2.28bc | 23.3±2.56ab | 2-丁烯酸乙酯 Ethyl 2-butenoate |
7.056 | 839.51±60.72d | 723.92±92.77cd | 517.88±31.86bc | 212.56±63.38a | 140.9±6.32a | 329.62±137.45ab | 2-己烯醛 2-Hexenal |
7.791 | 127.42±13.14cd | 138.79±24.8d | 120.28±22.61cd | 47.27±10.97a | 72.29±3.9ab | 93.12±5.75bc | 甲酸己酯 Hexyl formate |
9.342 | 9.17±3.99abc | 6.7±0.69ab | 12.69±1.54c | 4.71±1.57a | 11.34±1.26bc | 8±0.93abc | 戊酸乙酯 Ethyl valerate |
10.694 | 7.35±1.64ab | 9.53±3.66b | 5.59±1.41ab | 3.93±1.36a | 3.96±0.92a | 3.65±0.78a | α-蒎烯 α-Pinene |
11.161 | 6.75±3.19ab | 5.91±3.14ab | 6.6±3.02ab | 0.67±0.42a | 9.13±3.56b | 1.79±1.24ab | 3-羟基丁酸乙酯 Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate |
11.351 | 13.63±3.77c | 5.67±1.22ab | 8.75±0.74b | 2.79±0.22a | 6.83±0.6ab | 4.11±0.5a | 惕各酸乙酯 Ethyl phthalate |
12.339 | 7.95±1.71b | 7.48±0.76b | 8.57±0.59b | 4.53±0.46a | 4.35±0.45a | 4.3±0.32a | 苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde |
13.075 | 3.56±0.38c | 5.59±0.47d | 3.06±0.09bc | 2.6±0.28ab | 2.02±0.2a | 1.98±0.09a | β-蒎烯 β-Pinene |
13.724 | 3.56±1.38b | 6.23±0.47c | 5.22±0.66bc | 1.52±0.08a | 1.73±0.2a | 1.57±0.06a | 1-辛烯-3-醇 1-Octene-3-ol |
14.341 | 12.18±1.85b | 15.21±0.96c | 12.94±1.13bc | 10.36±1.15b | 4.49±0.16a | 11.63±0.11b | 己酸 Caproic acid |
14.72 | 4.62±0.91c | 5.17±0.99c | 2.59±0.25b | 0.39±0.21a | 1.4±0.19ab | 1.4±0.03ab | 2,4-庚二烯醛 2,4-Heptadienal |
14.989 | 162.43±18bc | 103.28±25.18ab | 240.46±16.12d | 92.47±39.22a | 197.58±8.88ab | 170.57±24.69c | 己酸乙酯 Ethyl hexanoate |
15.986 | 6.06±2.11cd | 4.98±1.08bc | 3.99±0.44bc | 0.68±0.1a | 8.12±0.48d | 2.4±0.11ab | 乙酸己酯 Hexyl acetate |
16.12 | 11.89±2.08d | 10.46±0.63cd | 7.08±0.77bc | 3.54±0.59a | 7.6±1.81bc | 5.4±0.58ab | 2-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯 2-Hexen-1-ol acetate |
16.413 | 7.8±2.97b | 8.59±2.17b | 3.64±2.26a | 2.32±0.57a | 3.39±0.86a | 2.69±0.04a | 柠檬烯 Limonene |
16.635 | 0.87±0.05b | 1±0.03c | 1.28±0.23c | 0.45±0.01a | 1.17±0.26c | 0.53±0.09a | 桉油精 Eucalyptol |
16.99 | 1.74±0.15bc | 3.38±0.61d | 2.51±0.38cd | 1.34±0.05ab | 3.13±0.53d | 0.7±0.09a | 苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol |
17.473 | 18.19±7.43bc | 26.77±7.81c | 11.39±1.11ab | 10.68±1.53ab | 4.29±0.08a | 6.48±0.68ab | 苯乙醛 Phenylacetaldehyde |
17.86 | 17.01±2.9bc | 15.92±5.17bc | 25.11±2.27c | 9.93±6.4a | 13.56±0.47ab | 13.46±2.62ab | 2-己烯酸乙酯 Ethyl 2-hexenoate |
19.474 | 1.46±0.33c | 1.49±0.1c | 1.64±0.12c | 0.81±0.1ab | 0.99±0.06b | 0.52±0.11c | 2-辛烯-1-醇 2-Octene-1-ol |
21.183 | 2.74±0.59c | 2.36±0.53bc | 2.91±0.42c | 1.08±0.3a | 2.32±0.05bc | 1.33±0.12ab | 2,4-己二烯酸乙酯 Ethyl 2,4-hexadienoate |
21.523 | 9.65±1.64bc | 6.36±2.48ab | 7.54±0.19ab | 3.91±1.31a | 12.34±0.82c | 5.01±0.85a | 庚酸乙酯 Ethyl heptanoate |
保留时间Retention time (min) | 组分含量 Constituent content (ng·g-1 FW) | 组分名称 Aroma component | |||||
V-10 | V-15 | V-20 | L-10 | L-15 | L-20 | ||
21.776 | 5.53±0.59ab | 8.94±0.57c | 6.64±0.57b | 5.99±0.45ab | 5.32±0.06a | 5.94±0.42ab | 壬醛 Nonanal |
22.211 | 18.54±1.28a | 45.98±6.11b | 42.62±5.16b | 17.7±2.59a | 9.83±1.31a | 15.67±2.31a | 苯乙醇 Phenylethanol |
23.888 | 3.91±0.66c | 4.5±0.33c | 4.16±0.39c | 2.33±0.3b | 1.21±0.35a | 2.16±0.13ab | 苄基腈 Benzyl nitrile |
26.379 | 2.72±0.19b | 3.01±0.5bc | 3.75±0.46c | 1.7±0.36a | 2.52±0.29ab | 1.71±0.07a | 萜品烯 Terpinene |
27.32 | 0.44±0.06bc | 0.69±0.12d | 0.64±0.02cd | 0.16±0.04a | 1.63±0.1e | 0.28±0.08ab | 丁二酸二乙酯 Diethyl succinate |
27.471 | 2.38±0.2b | 4.49±0.57c | 2.37±0.28b | 0.2±0.07a | 1.73±0.21b | 0.25±0a | 水杨酸甲酯 Methyl salicylate |
27.629 | 2.49±1.34bc | 1.9±0.26b | 2.46±0.3bc | 0.44±0.19a | 3.76±0.24b | 1±0.34a | 4-辛烯酸乙酯 Ethyl 4-octenoate |
28.246 | 12.29±4.49ab | 16.94±7.36ab | 12.36±1.29ab | 9.43±3.14a | 20.63±1.8b | 10.06±3.1ab | 辛酸乙酯 Ethyl octanoate |
28.665 | 0.91±0.09a | 1.31±0.23ab | 1.08±0.09ab | 0.92±0.15a | 1.46±0.23b | 0.9±0.15a | 癸醛 Capraldehyde |
30.279 | 2.56±0.83bc | 1.83±0.38b | 3.25±0.51c | 0.28±0.04a | 1.26±0.68ab | 0.27±0.09a | 香茅醇 Citronellol |
31.165 | 18.29±1.55b | 17.98±6.24b | 17.33±0.6b | 5.55±0.84a | 5.56±1.08a | 7.41±0.47a | 苯乙酸乙酯 Phenylacetate |
31.497 | 2.95±1.29b | 1.75±0.43ab | 2.33±0.31ab | 1.03±0.35a | 2.39±0.23ab | 0.98±0.11a | 2-辛烯酸乙酯 Ethyl trans-2-octenoate |
34.811 | 1.45±0.31b | 2.33±0.52c | 1.37±0.18ab | 1.34±0.11ab | 2.98±0.31c | 0.59±0.06a | 壬酸乙酯 Ethyl pelargonate |
40.079 | 0.72±0.22ab | 1.18±0.28b | 1.03±0.18b | 0.34±0.06a | 2.15±0.15c | 0.39±0.07a | 4-癸烯酸乙酯 Ethyl 4-decenoate |
41.115 | 2.95±0.69ab | 2.24±0.03a | 4.24±0.57b | 5.92±0.65c | 2.63±0.42a | 2.92±0.41ab | 癸酸乙酯 Ethyl caprate |
45.616 | 3.09±0.47bc | 4.73±0.76cd | 5.54±0.55d | 1.29±0.32a | 4.13±0.93cd | 1.57±0.36ab | 2,4-癸二烯酸乙酯 Ethyl 2,4-decadienoate |
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