关键词: 水稻, 机插, 日产量, 株型

Abstract:

【Objective】To explore the feasibility of daily yield as a screening of medium-indica hybrid rice varieties by machine transplanted, systematically study the plant type characteristics of medium-indica hybrid rice varieties and their relationship with daily yield, and screen out high-yield varieties suitable for machine-planting in Sichuan, the theory and practice basis were provided for the high-yield cultivation and breeding of medium-indica hybrid rice.【Method】The 34 planting hybrid rice varieties were used as materials, and the data were collected by single-factor randomized block field experiment, and then the plant type and daily yield of the hybrid rice varieties under machine transplanting were studied by cluster analysis and analysis of variance analysis. 【Result】(1)The whole rice growth period, daily yield and yield of different varieties of machine-planting cultivation were different. The whole growth period of the tested rice varieties was 141-168 d, mainly 154-164 d, accounting for 82.4% of the tested varieties; The yield variation was 10 261.05 -13 099.34 kg·hm ^-2, of which Tianyouhuazhan accounted for the highest yield, Yixiang 3728 was the lowest, the yield in the range of 11 110.90-12 827.15 kg ·hm ^-2 accounted for 76.5% of the tested varieties; The daily yield of the tested varieties was mainly distributed in the range of 67-80 kg·hm ^-2·d ^-1, accounting for 82.4% of the tested varieties. The daily yields of Tianyouhuazhan, Fanyou 609 and Jingliangyou 534 were higher than 80 kg·hm ^-2·d ^-1, but only 8.8% of the tested varieties. (2) Cluster analysis showed that 29.4% of the total varieties were high-daily yield, 38.2% were middle-daily yield and 32.4% were low-daily yield. (3) Compared with the low-yield varieties, the high-yield varieties had higher grain per panicle and group spikes, and the effective panicles were sufficient, and the seed setting rate was higher, so the yield was higher. (4) There were significant differences in plant type characteristics of different varieties. Correlation analysis showed that plant height, stalk length, N3 internode length, N4 internode length, panicle length and daily yield were significantly or significantly negative correlation, grain density was significantly positively correlated with daily yield.【Conclusion】The daily yield could be used as one of the important indicators for screening of Chinese cultivars for hybrid rice cultivars, and the varieties with higher daily yields had stronger adaptability. Plant height and stalk length were suitable, and the third and fourth internode lengths were short, and high grain density was an important plant type characteristic of high daily yield varieties. In addition, the medium-indica hybrid rice varieties suitable for machine transplanting in Sichuan also had the basic characteristics of moderate growth period, more spikelets, higher group spikelets and higher seed setting rate. On the whole, Tianyouhuazhan, Fanyou 609, Jingliangyou 534, Y Liangyou 1, C Liangyouhuazhan and F You 498 were suitable for planting in Sichuan.

Key words: rice, mechanical transplanting, daily yield, plant type