中国农业科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (15): 3010-3018.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.15.015

• 园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

24-表油菜素内酯对葡萄叶片抵御霜霉菌侵染的影响

刘 庆,栾雪涛,徐世彦,孟 莹,高江曼,惠竹梅   

  1. 西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院/陕西省葡萄与葡萄酒工程中心/陕西省果树繁育中心,陕西杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-01 出版日期:2016-08-01 发布日期:2016-08-01
  • 通讯作者: 惠竹梅,E-mail:xizhumei@nwsuaf.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘庆,E-mail:lq0418nwafu@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30-zp-9)、陕西省自然科学基金(2011JM3004)、西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费专项(QN2009059)

Effect of 24-epibrassinolide Treatment on Grapevine Leaf Against Plasmopara viticola

LIU Qing, LUAN Xue-tao, XU Shi-yan , MENG Ying, GAO Jiang-man, XI Zhu-mei   

  1. College of Enology, Northwest A&F University/Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture/Shaanxi Provincial Fruit Trees Propagation Center, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi
  • Received:2015-12-01 Online:2016-08-01 Published:2016-08-01

摘要: 【目的】研究外源24-表油菜素内酯(24-epibrassinolide,EBR)处理对霜霉菌侵染葡萄叶片的影响,为探究葡萄霜霉病的致病机理提供参考。【方法】试验以欧亚种酿酒葡萄(Vitis vinifera. L)赤霞珠(Cabernet Sauvignon)叶片为材料,在霜霉菌侵染离体葡萄叶片的初期,研究不同浓度的EBR处理(0.1、0.5和1.0 mg·L-1 EBR)对葡萄叶片霜霉病发病率和病情指数、霜霉菌菌丝生长、孢囊梗的形成、气孔周围孢子数量、葡萄叶片气孔开度和内源激素含量的影响及相互关系。【结果】EBR各处理均显著抑制了接种霜霉菌0.5 h后葡萄叶片气孔开度,以及接种后1 d和2 d病菌菌丝的发育。0.5和1.0 mg·L-1 EBR处理均显著抑制了接种霜霉菌0.5 h后叶片气孔周围的游动孢子数量和3 d后菌丝体在侵染区域的覆盖面积;接种4 d后,EBR各处理均显著抑制了霜霉菌孢子囊数量以及叶片发病率与病情指数,且0.5 mg·L-1和1.0 mg·L-1 EBR处理降低发病率和病情指数的幅度最大,发病率分别比CK降低51.4%和45.0%,病情指数分别降低71.2%和62.9%。总体而言,0.5 mg·L-1和1.0 mg·L-1 EBR处理抑制霜霉菌生长发育较为显著,且二者之间无显著性差异。0.5 mg·L-1 EBR处理的叶片脱落酸(ABA)、茉莉酸(JA)和水杨酸(SA)含量与CK之间均存在显著差异,气孔孔径与SA含量,ABA含量与JA含量呈显著正相关。【结论】EBR处理提高了葡萄叶片抵御霜霉菌侵染的能力,可能与其抑制病菌发育,改变寄主内源激素含量,从而促进气孔关闭等因素有关。

关键词: 葡萄, 霜霉病菌, 24-表油菜素内酯, 诱导抗病性, 气孔开度

Abstract: 【Objective】 The study researched the effect of24-epibrassinolide (EBR) treatment on the resistance in grapevine leaf against Plasmopara viticolaand the mechanism of the induced resistance. 【Method】 Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) grapevine leaves were used for experimental materials. At the early development of P. viticola invading grapevine leaf, the effect of different concentration of exogenous EBR (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg·L-1 EBR) on the disease incidence and severity of downy mildew of grapevine leaves, linear length of colonies per infection, the development of P. viticola sporangiophores while this pathogen invading the grapevine leaf, the number of spores per stoma, the stomatal aperture and the content of endogenous hormone and the relation between hormone content and stomatal aperture were investigated. 【Result】 EBR-treated leaves had a significantly lower stomatal aperture at 0.5 h after inoculation. Both on 1 d and 2 d, a significantly lower linear length of P. viticola colonies per infection was observed in all EBR treatments. The spread of mycelium almost covered most of the infection area in control while 0.5 and 1.0 mg·L-1 EBR treated leaf resulted in a markedly restricted number of spores per stoma and growth of P. viticola after 3 days of inoculation. After 4 days of inoculation, EBR treatment significantly controlled the development ofP. viticola sporangiophores, disease incidence and disease severity, and 0.5 mg·L-1 and 1.0 mg·L-1 EBR treatment resulted in higher resistance. The leaves treated with 0.5 mg·L-1 and 1.0 mg·L-1 had a lower disease incidence and severity of downy mildew, while disease incidence was decreased by 51.4% and 45.0%,and disease severity drop by 71.2% and 62.9%, and there is no significance between the two treatment. There was a significant difference in ABA, JA and SA contents in grape leaves between CK and 0.5 mg·L-1 EBR treatment. Stomatal aperture has significantly positive correlation with SA content while ABA content does with JA content. 【Conclusion】 The increased resistance against P. viticola invasion was possibly related with the suppression of pathogen development and the stomata closure which plant hormone crosstalk involved in.

Key words: grapevine, Plasmopara viticola, 24-epibrassinolide, induced resistance, stomata aperture