盐、碱胁迫条件下粳稻Na+、K+浓度的QTL分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.03.19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】水稻栽培区土壤的盐、碱化日趋严重，植物体内Na⁺、K⁺浓度及Na⁺/K⁺是植物耐盐、碱性重要指标。在盐、碱胁迫条件下检测水稻苗期地上部和根部的Na⁺、K⁺浓度及Na⁺/K⁺的QTL位点，为水稻的耐盐、碱性遗传机制及分子标记辅助育种提供理论依据。【方法】以优质高产水稻品种东农425与耐盐、碱水稻品种长白10为亲本构建重组自交系（RIL）为作图群体，利用102对SSR标记构建遗传连锁图谱，该图谱覆盖水稻基因组约1 915.05 cM，标记间平均距离为18.77 cM；在140 mmol·L^-1 NaCl盐胁迫和0.15%Na₂CO₃碱胁迫处理条件下，对水稻苗期地上部和根部的Na⁺、K⁺浓度及Na⁺/K⁺等性状进行测定，利用SPSS v19.0对各性状进行相关分析，并采用QTL IciMapping v3.3的完备区间作图法（ICIM）进行QTL定位。【结果】盐、碱胁迫条件下，亲本及RIL群体地上部Na⁺、K⁺浓度均高于地下部Na⁺、K⁺浓度，各性状在RIL群体中基本符合正态分布，表现出典型的数量性状遗传特征，符合QTL定位要求。相关分析结果表明，盐、碱胁迫条件下，地上部Na⁺与K⁺及根部Na⁺与K⁺均呈极显著正相关，2种胁迫条件下的各性状相关性不显著。盐、碱胁迫条件下共检测到15个与Na⁺、K⁺浓度和Na⁺/K⁺相关的QTL，2种条件下所检测到的QTL位于不同染色体区域。在盐胁迫下共检测到5个QTL，包括1个与地上部K⁺浓度相关QTL，位于第8染色体的RM1308—RM281区间内，贡献率为6.83%；3个与根部Na⁺浓度相关QTL，位于第3和第8染色体上，其中qSRNC3-1贡献率最大，为16.41%；1个与根部K⁺浓度相关QTL，贡献率为3.52%；未检测到与地上部Na⁺浓度、Na⁺/K⁺及根部Na⁺/K⁺相关的QTL。在碱胁迫下共检测到10个QTL，包括1个与地上部Na⁺浓度相关的QTL，位于第2染色体的RM1347—RM48区间内，贡献率为14.41%；1个与地上部K⁺浓度相关QTL，位于第2染色体的RM1255—RM213区间内；3个与地上部Na⁺/K⁺相关QTL，分别位于第2、7、10染色体上，其中qASNK2贡献率最大，为7.57%；1个与根部Na⁺浓度相关QTL，位于第3染色体的RM293—RM232区间内，贡献率为13.71%；2个与根部K⁺含量相关QTL，分别位于第1染色体的RM5—RM9和第2染色体的RM12865—RM12941区间内；2个与根部Na⁺/K⁺相关QTL，分别位于在第3和第4染色体上，其中qARNK3贡献率较大，为10.48%。通过比较图谱发现，本研究中的大部分QTL与以往不同群体中影响耐盐、碱相关性状的QTL定位在同一或相邻的染色体区域，另外在碱胁迫下所检测到的qASKC2和qARKC2在前人研究中未见报道，可能存在新的耐碱性位点。【结论】在盐、碱胁迫条件下，Na⁺、K⁺的吸收和运输均是平行而独立的过程，且根部对Na⁺和K⁺的吸收与向地上部运输存在不同的遗传机制；盐、碱胁迫条件下，水稻Na⁺、K⁺浓度的遗传是相互独立的。

关键词: 粳稻, 盐胁迫, 碱胁迫, 钠钾离子, SSR标记, QTL

Abstract: 【Objective】Salinization and alkalinization of soil are becoming worse and worse during these years, and the concentrations of Na⁺, K⁺ and Na⁺/K⁺ ratio could be taken as the criterial indicators of saline-alkali tolerance in plant. Therefore, the QTL analysis of Na⁺, K⁺ concentration and Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in shoots and roots of rice at the seedling stage under salt or alkaline stress were conducted in the present study in order to provide a scientific basis for the rice genetic mechanism of salt and alkaline tolerance and molecular marker assisted breeding. 【Method】 The recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross Dongnong 425 (high yield and quality) as the female parent and Changbai 10 (salt tolerance) as the male parent. A genetic linkage map was constructed with 102 SSR markers, covering 1 915.05 cM of rice genome at an average interval of 18.77 cM. The concentrations of Na⁺, K⁺ and Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in shoots and roots were phenotyped under 140 mmol·L^-1 NaCl of salt stress and 0.15% Na₂CO₃ of alkali stress at seedling stage. The correlation analysis by using SPSS v19.0 program and QTL analysis by using QTL IciMapping v3.3 program of the complete interval mapping method were conducted.【Result】The Na⁺ and K⁺ concentrations in shoots were higher than in roots under salt and alkaline stress in both the parents and RILs. All traits almost presented gaussian distribution, conforming typical genetic model of quantitative traits and the requirements of the QTL mapping. The results of correlation analysis showed that the concentrations of Na⁺ and K⁺ had a significant positive correlation in shoots and roots under salt and alkali stress, whereas there was no significant correlation between salt and alkali stress. A total of fifteen QTLs were detected under salt and alkaline stress, QTLs are located on different chromosomes between salt and alkali stress. Five QTLs were detected under salt stress, including one QTL associated with the concentration of K⁺ in shoots, which was located on chromosome 8 in the marker interval RM1308-RM281, explained 6.83% of phenotypic variance. Three QTLs associated with the concentration of Na⁺ in roots, which were located on chromosome 3 and 8, of which, qSRNC3-1 explained the maximum (16.41%) of phenotypic variance. One QTL associated with the concentration of K⁺ in roots, explained 3.52% of phenotypic variance. No QTL were found to be associated with the concentration of Na⁺, Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in shoots, and Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in roots. A total of ten QTLs were detected under alkali stress, including one QTL associated with the concentration of Na⁺ in shoots, which was located on chromosome 2 in the marker interval RM1347-RM48, explained 14.41% of phenotypic variance; One QTL associated with the concentration of K⁺ in shoots was located on chromosome 2 in the marker interval RM1255-RM213. Three QTLs associated with the Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in shoots, which were located on chromosomes 2, 7 and 10, respectively, of which, qASNK2 explained 7.57% of phenotypic variance. One QTL associated with the concentration of Na⁺ in roots, which was located on chromosome 3 in the marker interval RM293-RM232, explained 13.71% of phenotypic variance. Two QTLs associated with the concentration of K⁺ in roots, which were located on chromosome 1 in the marker interval RM5-RM9 and chromosome 2 in the marker interval RM12865-RM12941, respectively. Two QTLs associated with Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in roots, which were located on chromosome 3 and 4, of which, qARNK3 explained 10.48% of phenotypic variance. By comparing the mapping results, most of the detected QTLs were in the same or adjacent chromosomal regions of previously reported QTLs for tolerance to salt and alkali stress. In addition, two QTLs, namely qASKC2 and qARKC2, were not reported in previous studies, implying the possibility to be new QTL for tolerance to alkali.【Conclusion】The uptake and transport of the Na⁺ and K⁺ were considered to be parallel and independent under salt and alkali stress. The uptake of Na⁺ and K⁺ in roots and the transport in shoots had different genetic mechanism. The concentrations of Na⁺ and K⁺ between salt and alkali stress were independently inherited.

Key words: japonica rice, salt stress, alkaline stress, Na⁺ and K⁺ concentrations, SSR markers, QTL

邢军，常汇琳，王敬国，刘化龙，孙健，郑洪亮，赵宏伟，邹德堂. 盐、碱胁迫条件下粳稻Na⁺、K⁺浓度的QTL分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(3): 604-612.

XING Jun, CHANG Hui-lin, WANG Jing-guo, LIU Hua-long, SUN Jian, ZHENG Hong-liang, ZHAO Hong-wei, ZOU De-tang. QTL Analysis of Na⁺ and K⁺ Concentrations in japonica Rice Under Salt and Alkaline Stress[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(3): 604-612.

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