不同环境下水稻株高和穗长的QTL分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.03.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】水稻株高和穗长是影响水稻产量的2个重要因素，选育长穗大粒和株高适中的品种将对水稻的增产有非常重要的意义。通过对株高和穗长进行多环境QTL分析，鉴定稳定表达的株高和穗长的主效QTL，增加对株高和穗长遗传行为的了解，为水稻株型育种提供参考。【方法】首先，以辽宁省超级粳稻品种沈农265和云南省的地方粳稻品种丽江新团黑谷杂交衍生的粳-粳交重组自交系（recombinant inbredline，RIL）群体为试验材料，采用QTL IciMapping v3.0软件基于完备复合区间作图法在多环境条件下（沈阳，2011；海南，2012年；沈阳，2013年）对株高和穗长进行QTL分析；其次，基于上面定位的结果，结合已发表的文献和水稻数据库中的相关数据，对在3种环境条件下检测到的主效QTL进行比较分析，确定其可靠性；最后，采用主效QTL-BSA法（Bulked Segregant Analysis of Major QTL）对3种环境条件下检测到的主效QTL进行分析，进一步缩小目标QTL的区间范围。【结果】在3种环境条件下，沈农265和丽江新团黑谷的株高和穗长均存在显著差异，在RIL群体中，株高和穗长存在较大幅度变异，呈现双向超亲分离，近似于正态分布，这表明株高和穗长均为多基因控制的数量性状。在3种环境下，共检测到9个与株高和穗长相关的QTL，包括5个株高QTL，分布于第6、7、9和12染色体上，LOD介于2.67—19.39，加性效应值在-17.68—2.90，单个QTL贡献率为4.25%—37.35%；4个穗长QTL，分布于第6、7和9染色体上，LOD介于3.57—23.18，加性效应值在-3.22—1.42，单个QTL贡献率为11.30%—61.62%。有5个QTL被单独检测到，仅有4个QTL能在2个或3个环境中被检测到。其中，位于第9染色体上相同区间的qPL9a和qPH9能在3种环境中被检测到，而位于第7染色体上相同区间的qPH7和qPL7b分别能在2种或3种环境中被检测到，增效等位基因均来自丽江新团黑谷。同时，依据已发表的相关文献和Gramene网站对所定位的主效QTL进行整合分析，在第7染色体上的RM10—RM248区域存在一个油菜素内酯的信号转导调控因子基因OsBZR1和8个控制株高或穗长相关的QTL，在第9染色体上的RM566—RM242区域存在多个赤霉素合成或油菜素内酯合成相关基因和9个控制株高或穗长相关的QTL，进一步验证了所检测到的主效QTL的可靠性。利用主效QTL-BSA分析法将第9染色体上控制株高和穗长的QTL-qPHL9（qPL9a和qPH9）定位在RM1189—RM24457，物理距离522.46 kb，而将新发现的第7染色体QTL-qPHL7（qPL7b和qPH7）定位在RM478—RM429，物理距离为856.49 kb。【结论】3种环境中，在沈农265和丽江新团黑谷的RILs群体分别检测到5个控制株高和4个控制穗长的QTL，其中位于第9染色体上的主效QTL-qPHL9同时影响株高和穗长，在3种环境中均能被检测到，位于第7染色体上的主效QTL-qPHL7同时影响株高和穗长，该位点能在2种环境中被检测到，是一个新的多效性QTL位点。

关键词: 水稻, 株高, 穗长, 数量性状基因座

Abstract: 【Objective】Panicle length and plant height are two important factors affecting rice production. Breeding varieties with large panicle and the ideal plant architecture traits are significant for increasing the grain yield of rice. To explore the genetic basis of plant height and panicle length in rice, quantitative genetic analysis was conducted in three different environments. In this study, stable expressed QTLs for plant height and panicle length were identified. The results of this study help us to understand the genetic basis of plant height and panicle length, and provide us with useful information for marker-assisted improvement of the plant type in rice.【Method】The recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between Shennong 265 (japonica) and Lijiangxintuanheigu (japonica) consisting of 126 lines were used to identify QTLs for plant height and panicle length in three different environments (Shenyang, 2011; Hainan, 2012; Shenyang, 2013). Nine QTLs were mapped by QTL IciMapping v3.0 software, using ICIM method for plant height and panicle length. In addition, based on the QTL results and the published literature and rice database data, the major QTLs in 3 environments were analyzed. These results were further confirmed the reliability of the QTL. Finally, in order to narrow the interval of the major QTLs, the QTL-BSA(Bulked Segregant Analysis of Major QTL) was used fine mapping.【Result】Analysis of variance test showed that a significant difference was detected between the parents under three different conditions. A normal distribution of phenotypic values for panicle length and plant height were observed, which indicated that panicle length and plant height were controlled by multiple genes. A total of nine QTLs for the plant height and panicle length were mapped. Five QTLs affecting plant height were detected on the chromosomes 6, 7, 9 and 12, with the LOD values ranged from 2.67 to 19.39, the additive effect from -17.68 to 2.90, and the range of individually explaining phenotypic variation was from 4.25% to 37.35%. A total of four QTLs for the panicle length were mapped on the chromosomes 6, 7 and 9, with the LOD values ranged from 3.57 to 23.18, the additive effect from -3.22 to 1.42, and the range of individually explaining phenotypic variation was from 11.30% to 61.62%. Of these, five were identified in more than one environments, four were significant in two or three environments, indicating that these QTLs are stable across years or environments. Among them, qPL9a and qPH9 were detected on the same region of chromosome 9 in three environments. qPH7 and qPL7b were mapped on the same interval of chromosome 7 in two or three environments, respectively. These QTLs’ alleles from LTH parent increased plant height and panicle length in this population. In addition, the analysis of major QTL-BSA mapping narrowed the qPHL9 (qPH9 and qPL9a)to a 522.46 kb region flanked by simple sequence repeat marker RM1189 and RM24457. qPHL7 (qPH7 and qPL7b) was mapped to a 856.49 kb interval flanked by simple sequence repeat marker RM478 and RM429 on chromosome 7. 【Conclusion】In this study, the recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between Shennong 265 (japonica) and Lijiangxintuanheigu (japonica) were used for mapping QTLs of plant height and panicle length. Five QTLs affecting plant height and four QTLs affecting panicle length were identified. Pleiotropic QTL region on the chromosome 9 could be detected in three environments. A novel plant height and panicle length pleiotropic QTL-qPHL7 was located on chromosome 7 in two environments.

Key words: rice, plant height, panicle length, QTL

姚晓云，李清，刘进，姜树坤，杨生龙，王嘉宇，徐正进. 不同环境下水稻株高和穗长的QTL分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(3): 407-414.

YAO Xiao-yun, LI Qing, LIU Jin, JIANG Shu-kun, YANG Sheng-long, WANG Jia-yu, XU Zheng-jin. Dissection of QTLs for Plant Height and Panicle Length Traits in Rice Under Different Environment[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(3): 407-414.

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