桃果实成熟软化与细胞壁降解相关糖苷酶及乙烯生物合成的关系

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.14.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究不同溶质型桃成熟软化过程中β-半乳糖苷酶（β-Gal）和α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶（α-Af）以及乙烯生物合成相关酶（ACC氧化酶ACO和ACC合成酶ACS）的变化。【方法】采用气相色谱测定乙烯释放量；采用常规理化分析方法测定相关酶活性；采用RT-PCR研究相关酶的定性表达，同时采用Real-time PCR分析其表达量的变化。【结果】不同桃品种之间软化特性存在较大差异，‘雨花3号’桃果实成熟过程中，随着果实硬度下降，乙烯释放量明显增加并出现峰值，‘加纳岩’桃果实在成熟过程中一直保持相对较高的硬度且乙烯释放量很低，其最高值不及‘雨花3号’桃果实乙烯释放量的1%；β-Gal基因表达量和活性在桃果实成熟软化前期较高，α-Af基因表达和活性在成熟软化后期较高，且α-Af的快速变化期滞后于乙烯及其合成相关酶的变化。【结论】β-Gal酶对桃果实早期阶段的软化启动有较大影响，且两类桃果实β-Gal基因表达和β-Gal活性可能存在不同的诱导机制； α-Af对桃果实成熟中后期快速软化影响更显著且α-Af的激活与果实内源乙烯的积累密切相关。

关键词: 桃, 软化, 乙烯, β-半乳糖苷酶, α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶

Abstract: 【Objective】Two peach (Prumus persica) cultivars were used as materials. β-galactosidase, α-L-arabinofuranosidase and ethylene biosynthesis related enzymes were determined for analyzing the relationship between them and peach fruit softening.【Method】Firstly, through gas chromatography approach, ethylene productions were determined. Then the relevant enzyme activities were determined using conventional physical and chemical analysis methods. And then a combination of semi quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR were allowed to analyse the expression of related genes in peach.【Result】 Softening characteristics were quite different between the two peach cultivars. The results showed that ethylene production increased significantly in ‘Yuhua 3’ accompanied by the decline of firmness, while relatively higher firmness had been remained during ‘Jianayan’ peach fruit ripening. Ethylene production in ‘Jianayan’ peach fruit was less than 1% of that in ‘Yuhua 3’ peach fruit. β-galactosidase gene expression and activity had a higher level in the early stage of softening. The gene expression and activity of α-L-arabinofuranosidase were higher in the late ripening and the change of α-L-arabinofuranosidase slightly lagged behind the rapid changes of ethylene and ethylene synthetic enzymes.【Conclusion】β-galactosidase may contribute to the initiation of peach fruit softening, while α-L-arabinofuranosidase activation was closely related to the accumulation of endogenous ethylene and had more remarkably effect on mid to later fast-softening during peach ripening.

Key words: peach, softening, ethylene, β-galactosidase, α-L-arabinofuranosidase

阚娟, 刘俊, 金昌海. 桃果实成熟软化与细胞壁降解相关糖苷酶及乙烯生物合成的关系[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(14): 2931-2938.

HAN Juan, LIU Jun, JIN Chang-Hai. Study on the Relationship Between Peach Fruit Softening, Cell Wall Degradation Related Glycosidase and Ethlylene Biosynthesis [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(14): 2931-2938.

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