水稻基因差异表达与杂种优势的关系分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.07.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】分析水稻强、弱优势组合的基因差异表达模式特征，探讨其与杂种优势之间的关系。【方法】以扬稻6号、明恢63、特青配置的9个杂种F1为材料，利用差异显示PCR技术（differential display polymerase chain reaction，DD-PCR）分别分析分蘖期（叶片）、孕穗期（幼穗）、抽穗期（剑叶）的基因差异表达模式。【结果】同一时期内强优势组G1（父本扬稻6号）、中优势组G3（父本特青）以及弱优势组G2（父本明恢63）在母本特异表达（UNP1）、父本特异表达（UNP2）、F1特异表达（UNF1）、F1特异缺失表达（ABF1）4个基因差异表达模式上存在明显差异；相关分析表明分蘖期叶片UNP2与单株产量呈极显著正相关，来自父本的基因特异表达有利于提高杂种优势；同一优势组在不同时期的表达模式也存在明显差异，反映了基因的时空表达特征；获得19个G1、G2间特异性差异表达的基因片段，分布在除第12染色体以外的其余11条染色体上，主要涉及物质合成与运输、能量代谢、糖类代谢等重要途径。【结论】水稻强、弱优势组合F1在不同生育期基因表达模式存在显著差异，表型性状的差异可以从基因表达模式上得以反映。

关键词: 水稻, 杂种优势, 表达模式

Abstract: 【Objective】The strong and weak heterosis groups in rice were analyzed for investigating the relationship between differential expression patterns of gene and heterosis. 【Method】The differential display-PCR (DD-PCR) technology was used to analyze gene differentially expressed patterns for the nine F1 of Yangdao 6, Minghui 63 and Teqing varieties as male parent in tillering leaves, booting panicles and heading flag leaf. 【Result】At the same growth stage, four kinds of gene differentially expressed patterns, UNP1 (genes specifically expressed in female parent), UNP2 (genes specifically expressed in male parent), UNF1(genes specifically expressed in F1), ABF1 (genes specifically silenced in F1), were presented obvious difference between strong heterosis group G1(Yangdao 6 as male parent) and weak heterosis group G2 (Minghui 63 as male parent). Correlation analysis showed that UNP2 of tillering leaves was significantly positive corelated to yield per plant, and the expressed genes from the paternal were benefit to heterosis. The differentially expressed gene patterns existed obvious difference among three growth stages in the same heterosis group, which indicates that gene expression is spatial and temporal characteristic. Total nineteen differentially expressed gene fragments between G1 and G2 groups were acquired and distributed along one to eleven chromosomes except the twelfth chromosome. The function analysis result showed that they were mainly involved in material synthesis and transport, energy, carbohydrate metabolism pathways and so on. 【Conclusion】 The gene differential expression patterns in strong and weak heterosis group exist significant difference at different growth stages. The phenotypic differences could be reflected by gene differential expression patterns.

Key words: rice, heterosis, expressed patterns

张小蒙, 肖宁, 张洪熙, 冯彦侠, 刘知晓, 高勇, 戴正元, 陈建民. 水稻基因差异表达与杂种优势的关系分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(7): 1235-1245.

ZHANG Xiao-Meng, XIAO Ning, ZHANG Hong-Xi, FENG Yan-Xia, LIU Zhi-Xiao, GAO Yong, DAI Zheng-Yuan, CHEN Jian-Min. Analysis of the Relationship Between Differential Expression of Rice Gene and Heterosis[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(7): 1235-1245.

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