中国农业科学 ›› 2008, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 1235-1241 .doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2008.04.038

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

低温条件下相关关键酶活性对棉纤维比强度形成的影响

卞海云,王友华,陈兵林,束红梅,周治国   

  1. 南京农业大学农学院/农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室
  • 收稿日期:2006-01-10 修回日期:2006-11-25 出版日期:2008-04-10 发布日期:2008-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 周治国

  1. 南京农业大学农学院/农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室
  • Received:2006-01-10 Revised:2006-11-25 Online:2008-04-10 Published:2008-04-10

摘要: 【目的】研究低温对纤维比强度形成的影响。【方法】通过设置大田分期播种试验,使相同果枝部位棉铃可以处于不同的温度条件下发育,研究低温对棉纤维发育关键酶活性及相关基因表达的影响。【结果】低温影响纤维素的累积速率并最终影响纤维比强度的形成,其原因是在不同水平上影响了纤维发育关键酶的活性。在生化水平上,低温(铃龄0~50 d日均温<23.0℃,铃龄25~50 d日均温<21.0℃)提高了纤维中β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的活性、降低了蔗糖合成酶的活性,且前者对温度更为敏感。在基因表达水平上,低温使Expansin、蔗糖合成酶基因的表达量增加,β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因的表达与此相反,低温下Expansin到达表达峰值时间推后且维持高表达的时间延长,低温可导致15 d铃龄纤维β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因表达量显著降低,而蔗糖合成酶基因表达量显著升高。【结论】在纤维品质形成上,低温导致棉纤维伸长期及伸长高峰推后,低温下纤维素累积量、纤维比强度的变化特征与纤维蔗糖合成酶活性及β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因表达的变化特征高度一致,与β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性及蔗糖合成酶基因表达受低温影响的规律相反。

关键词: 低温, Expansin, β-1, 3-葡聚糖酶, 蔗糖合成酶, 基因表达, 纤维发育, 纤维比强度

Abstract: Effect of low temperature on the dynamic of several key enzymes activity and the genes’ expression pattern was studied and then the physiological and molecular mechanism of the textile processing was discussed by putting the fiber developing process in different temperature condition. Two years’ data showed that the dynamics of the enzymes activity and the genes expression were influenced in different level in the low temperature condition. In the biochemical level, the activity of theβ-1,3-glucanase was increased accompany with the increasing of the temperature while the synthetase activity behaved oppositely. Evidences also showed that the sucrose synthestase were much more sensitive to temperature variation than β-1,3-glucanase. In the expression level, the effect of low temperature (mean daily temperature of 0-50DPA and 25-50DPA was under 23℃ and 21℃ respectively) on different genes expression was quite different, details was that in the low temperature the expression of the sucrose synthestase gene was strikely inhibited in the days around the 15 DPA and the high expression period of the expansin gene was suspended. To the fiber strength development, the floodtide of the fiber elongation was suspended and that was accordant with the variation of the expression pattern of the expansin gene, theβ-1,3-glucanase and the sucrose synthetase gene. The variation of the cellulose deposition and the textile procession was highly accordant with the changes of the sucrose synthetase gene expression pattern and variation of the dynamic of its activity, while it was absolutely opposite to the changes of theβ-1,3-glucanase gene expression pattern and variation of the dynamic of β-1,3-glucanase activity.