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Special Issue:
玉米遗传育种合辑Maize Genetics · Breeding · Germplasm Resources
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| Heterosis and heterotic patterns of maize germplasm revealed by a multiple-hybrid population under well-watered and drought-stressed conditions |
SANG Zhi-qin1, 2, 3, ZHANG Zhan-qin2, YANG Yu-xin3, LI Zhi-wei3, LIU Xiao-gang3, XU Yun-bi3, 4, LI Wei-hua1
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1 Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, P.R.China
2 Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi 832000, P.R.China
3 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
4 International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan Texcoco 56130, Mexico
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摘要
本研究以41个代表性的玉米自交系通过不完全双列杂交产生了737个杂种F1的多杂种群体（MPH），将MPH群体分别种植在干旱和正常滴水处理下，利用38737个单核苷酸多态性标记（SNPs）对41份亲本进行了全基因组扫描。41份亲本自交系间的遗传距离为0.05到0.74之间，依据遗传距离可以将其划分为5个杂种优势群。根据不同杂种优势群产生杂交种的表型（产量、生育期、株高），研究认为BSSS×NSS、NSS×SPT和BSSS×SPT这3种杂优模式在中国机收玉米育种中具有较大的利用价值。研究一般配合力和特殊配合力的比值表明，正常滴水下加性效应对单株产量的的影响较大，而在干旱处理下非加性效应对产量的影响力更大。干旱条件下高产的玉米杂交种其亲本之一必须是配合力较高或者抗旱性较好的玉米自交系。在一定的遗传距离（GD）范围内，GD和杂种产量和产量杂种优势呈正相关。本研究认为杂种优势是亲本优势基因位点逐步累加和亲本间最佳遗传距离共同作用形成的，干旱处理下的产量杂种优势主要由非加性效应决定的。
Abstract Understanding the heterosis in multiple environments between different heterotic groups is of fundamental importance in successful maize breeding. A total of 737 hybrids derived from 41 maize inbreds were evaluated over two years, with the aim of assessing the genetic diversity and their performance between heterotic groups under drought-stressed (DS) and well-watered (WW) treatments. A total of 38 737 SNPs were employed to assess the genetic diversity. The genetic distance (GD) between the parents ranged from 0.05 to 0.74, and the 41 inbreds were classified into five heterotic groups. According to the hybrid performance (high yield and early maturity between heterotic groups), the heterosis and heterotic patterns of Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic (BSSS)×Non-Stiff Stalk (NSS), NSS×Sipingtou (SPT) and BSSS×SPT were identified to be useful options in China’s maize breeding. The relative importance of general and specific combining abilities (GCA and SCA) suggests the importance of the additive genetic effects for grain yield traits under the WW treatment, but the non-additive effects under the DS treatment. At least one of the parental lines with drought tolerance and a high GCA effect would be required to achieve the ideal hybrid performance under drought conditions. GD showed a positive correlation with yield and yield heterosis in within-group hybrids over a certain range of GD. The present investigation suggests that the heterosis is due to the combined accumulation of superior genes/alleles in parents and the optimal genetic distance between parents, and that yield heterosis under DS treatment was mainly determined by the non-additive effects.
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Received: 26 December 2020
Accepted: 01 April 2021
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| Fund: This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31760424) and the Scientific and Technological Project of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps of China (2019AB021). |
| About author: SANG Zhi-qin, E-mail: sangzhiqin@126.com; Correspondence LI Wei-hua, Mobile: +86-18997736665, E-mail: lwh_agr@shzu.edu.cn; XU Yun-bi, E-mail: y.xu@cgiar.org |
Cite this article:
SANG Zhi-qin, ZHANG Zhan-qin, YANG Yu-xin, LI Zhi-wei, LIU Xiao-gang, XU Yunbi, LI Wei-hua.
2022.
Heterosis and heterotic patterns of maize germplasm revealed by a multiple-hybrid population under well-watered and drought-stressed conditions. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 21(9): 2477-2491.
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