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Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2023, Vol. 22 Issue (7): 2041-2053    DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.045
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Decreased panicle N application alleviates the negative effects of shading on rice grain yield and grain quality
WEI Huan-he1, GE Jia-lin1, ZHANG Xu-bin1, ZHU Wang1, 2, DENG Fei3, REN Wan-jun3, CHEN Ying-long1, MENG Tian-yao2#, DAI Qi-gen1, 2#
1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology/College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China 
2 Institutes of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Development/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education/College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China 
3 Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R.China
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摘要  

弱光胁迫成为水稻生产中日趋严重的逆境,然而关于弱光胁迫对华东地区水稻产量和品质的研究报道仍较少;此外,也应探索合理的氮肥施用措施以减轻弱光胁迫对水稻产量和品质的负面效应。本研究旨在明确遮光遮光、花后遮光)穗肥施用量(NDP,降低穗肥用量NMP正常穗肥用量NIP增加穗肥用量)稻产量和品质相关性状的影响。无遮光相比,遮光处理下水稻减产9.5%-14.8% (P<0.05),主要是由于较低的结实率和粒重。遮光处理下,NMP和NIP产量显著高于(P<0.05)NDP遮光处理下,不同穗肥施用处理的产量则无显著差异。NMP和NIP相比NDP遮光处理的减产幅度小,这主要是由于其较高的结实率和粒重无遮光相比,遮光处理降低花后叶片光合速率成熟期干物质抽穗至成熟期干物质积累量成熟期茎鞘非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)的积累量。NDP提高了遮光处理下的收获指数和NSC运转效率。无遮光相比,遮光处理降低稻米糙米率、精米率、整精米率直链淀粉含量,提高了垩白米率、垩白面积和垩白度以及蛋白质含量。无遮光处理下稻米加工品质NMP最优,遮光处理下则以NDP最优在无遮光和遮光处理下,NDP垩白米率、垩白面积和垩白度NMP和NIP。遮光处理下,NDP直链淀粉含量和崩解值降低,蛋白质含量和消减值则提高,从而实现了与遮光处理相近的食味值。本研究结果表明花后遮光显著恶化水稻产量和稻米品质遮光处理下,NDP促进NSC转运、提高收获指数以及库容充实效率,从而降低产量损失此外,NDP维持遮光处理下稻米加工、外观和蒸煮食味品质因此,适当降低穗肥施用减轻弱光胁迫对水稻产量和品质的负面效应



Abstract  Light deficiency is a growing abiotic stress in rice production. However, few studies focus on shading effects on grain yield and quality of rice in East China. It is also essential to investigate proper nitrogen (N) application strategies that can effectively alleviate the negative impacts of light deficiency on grain yield and quality in rice. A two-year field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of shading (non-shading and shading from heading to maturity) and panicle N application (NDP, decreased panicle N rate; NMP, medium panicle N rate; NIP, increased panicle N rate) treatments on rice yield- and quality-related characteristics. Compared with non-shading, shading resulted in a 9.5–14.8% yield loss (P<0.05), mainly due to lower filled-grain percentage and grain weight. NMP and NIP had higher (P<0.05) grain yield than NDP under non-shading, and no significant difference was observed in rice grain yield among NDP, NMP, and NIP under shading. Compared with NMP and NIP, NDP achieved less yield loss under shading because of the increased filled-grain percentage and grain weight. Shading reduced leaf photosynthetic rate after heading, as well as shoot biomass weight at maturity, shoot biomass accumulation from heading to maturity, and nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) content in the stem at maturity (P<0.05). The harvest index and NSC remobilization reserve of NDP were increased under shading. Shading decreased (P<0.05) percentages of brown rice, milled rice, head rice, and amylose content while increasing (P<0.05) chalky rice percentage, chalky area, chalky degree, and grain protein. NMP demonstrated a better milling quality under non-shading, while NDP demonstrated under shading. NDP exhibited both lower chalky rice percentage, chalky area, and chalky degree under non-shading and shading, compared with NMP and NIP. NDP under shading decreased amylose content and breakdown but increased grain protein content and setback, contributing to similar overall palatability to nonshading. Our results suggested severe grain yield and quality penalty of rice when subjected to shading after heading. NDP improved NSC remobilization, harvest index, and sink-filling efficiency and alleviated yield loss under shading. Besides, NDP would maintain rice’s milling, appearance, and cooking and eating qualities under shading. Proper N management with a decreased panicle N rate could be adopted to mitigate the negative effects of shading on rice grain yield and quality.
Keywords:  rice       grain yield       grain quality       shading       panicle N application  
Received: 05 May 2022   Accepted: 24 June 2022
Fund: 

This work was financed by the Joints Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U20A2022), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31901448 and 32001466), the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China (2020M671628 and 2020M671629), the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China (19KJB210004), the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province (BE2019343), and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.

About author:  WEI Huan-he, E-mail: 006931@yzu.edu.cn; #Correspondence MENG Tian-yao, E-mail: 516060030@qq.com; DAI Qi-gen, E-mail: qgdai@yzu.edu.cn

Cite this article: 

WEI Huan-he, GE Jia-lin, ZHANG Xu-bin, ZHU Wang, DENG Fei, REN Wan-jun, CHEN Ying-long, MENG Tian-yao, DAI Qi-gen. 2023. Decreased panicle N application alleviates the negative effects of shading on rice grain yield and grain quality. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 22(7): 2041-2053.

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