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Special Issue:
农业生态环境-肥料及施用合辑Agro-ecosystem & Environment—Fertilizer
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| Effect of long-term fertilization on phosphorus fractions in different soil layers and their quantitative relationships with soil properties |
| WANG Qiong1, 2, QIN Zhen-han1, ZHANG Wei-wei1, CHEN Yan-hua1, 3, ZHU Ping4, PENG Chang4, WANG Le1, ZHANG Shu-xiang1, Gilles COLINET2 |
1 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
2 TERRA, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, 5030, Belgium
3 Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, P.R.China
4 Agricultural Environment and Resources Center, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, P.R.China
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摘要
本研究依托于29年的黑土长期定位试验，供试作物为玉米。肥料试验包括不施肥对照（CK）、施氮、钾肥（NK）、氮磷钾平衡施肥（NPK）、氮磷钾+有机肥（NPKM）共4 个处理。选取了2018年0-20，20-40，40-60 cm的土壤样品，测定土壤性质，并采用Hedley连续浸提法分析了土壤磷形态。试验结果表明，长期有机无机配施处理（NPKM）促进了磷在土壤剖面的积累，与初始值相比，其全磷含量增加了0.6-1.6倍。NPKM处理中，其剖面的有效磷含量也远远超过了黑土的环境阈值（50.6 mg kg-1）。此外，NPKM处理中土壤剖面各活性和中活性态无机磷（NaHCO3-Pi，NaOH-Pi和diluted HCl-Pi）的含量与比例显著高于NPK处理。这表明，NPKM处理可促进土壤稳定态磷向活性较高的磷形态转化。这可能是由于NPKM降低了土壤对磷的固定。冗余分析结果表明，由施肥引起的土壤有机质、Mehlich3-Fe和络合态铝氧化物含量的增加是影响黑土0-20 cm磷形态差异的主要因素。土壤矿物组分，如游离态的铁氧化物、碳酸钙是影响黑土深层土壤磷形态差异的主要因素。这表明黑土磷的转化过程同时受土层和施肥的影响。由于磷在不同土层中的积累和转化导致的高含量的有效磷以及有机肥的施用增加的活性较高的磷形态含量，我们在生产实践中应适当的减少或优化化肥的投入，以实现农业与环境的可持续发展。
Abstract
Investigating the dynamics and distribution of soil phosphorus (P) fractions can provide a basis for enhancing P utilization by crops. Four treatments from a 29-year long-term experiment in black soil with maize cropping were involved in this study: no fertilizer (CK), inorganic nitrogen and potassium (NK), inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK), and NPK plus manure (NPKM). We analyzed soil P fractions in different soil layers using a modified Hedley sequential method. The long-term NPKM treatment significantly increased total P by 0.6–1.6 times in the different soil layers. The Olsen-P concentration far exceeded the environmental threshold for soil Olsen-P (50.6 mg kg–1) in the NPKM treatment in the 0–60 cm soil profile. Moreover, the concentrations and proportion of labile and partially labile inorganic P (Pi) fractions (i.e., NaHCO3-extracted Pi, NaOH-extracted Pi, and dilute HCl-extracted Pi) to the sum of all P fractions (Pt) in the 0–60 cm soil profile were higher in the NPKM treatment than in the NPK treatment, indicating that manure could promote the transformation of non-labile into more labile forms of P in soil, possibly by manure reducing P fixation by soil particles. Soil organic matter, Mehlich-3 extractable iron (Fe), and organic-bound aluminum were increased by fertilization, and were the main factors influencing the differences in the P fractions in the 0–20 cm soil layer. Soil mineral components, i.e., free Fe oxide and CaCO3, were the main factors influencing the P fractions in the subsoil. The soil P transformation process varied with soil layer and fertilization. Application of manure fertilizer can increase the labile (Olsen) P concentrations of the various soil layers, and thus should reduce the mineral P fertilizer requirement for crop growth and reduce potential environmental damage
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Received: 29 July 2021
Accepted: 24 December 2021
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This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41977103 and 41471249), and the Reform and Development Fund of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, China (YZS201905).
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| About author: WANG Qiong, E-mail: wqcaas@gmail.com; Correspondence ZHANG Shu-xiang, Tel: +86-10-82106202, E-mail: zhangshuxiang@caas.cn |
Cite this article:
WANG Qiong, QIN Zhen-han, ZHANG Wei-wei, CHEN Yan-hua, ZHU Ping, PENG Chang, WANG Le, ZHANG Shu-xiang, Gilles COLINET.
2022.
Effect of long-term fertilization on phosphorus fractions in different soil layers and their quantitative relationships with soil properties. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 21(9): 2720-2733.
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