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| Straw return and appropriate tillage method improve grain yield and nitrogen efficiency of winter wheat |
| CHEN Jin*, ZHENG Meng-jing*, PANG Dang-wei, YIN Yan-ping, HAN Ming-ming, LI Yan-xia, LUO Yong-li, XU Xu, LI Yong, WANG Zhen-lin |
| Agronomy College, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Tai’an 271018, P.R.China |
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Abstract Straw return is an important management tool for tackling and promoting soil nutrient conservation and improving crop yield in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China. Although the incorporation of maize straw with deep plowing and rotary tillage practices are widespread in the region, only few studies have focused on rotation tillage. To determine the effects of maize straw return on the nitrogen (N) efficiency and grain yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), we conducted experiments in this region for 3 years. Five treatments were tested: (i) rotary tillage without straw return (RT); (ii) deep plowing tillage without straw return (DT); (iii) rotary tillage with total straw return (RS); (iv) deep plowing tillage with total straw return (DS); (v) rotary tillage of 2 years and deep plowing tillage in the 3rd year with total straw return (TS). Treatments with straw return increased kernels no. ear–1, thousand-kernel weight (TKW), grain yields, ratio of dry matter accumulation post-anthesis, and nitrogen (N) efficiency whereas reduced the ears no. ha–1 in the 2011–2012 and 2012–2013 growing seasons. Compared with the rotary tillage, deep plowing tillage significantly increased the grain yield, yield components, total dry matter accumulation, and N efficiency in 2013–2014. RS had significantly higher straw N distribution, soil inorganic nitrogen content, and soil enzymes activities in the 0–10 cm soil layer compared with the DS and TS. However, significantly lower values were observed in the 10–20 and 20–30 cm soil layers. TS obtained approximately equal grain yield as DS, and it also reduced the resource costs. Therefore, we conclude that TS is the most economical method for increasing grain yield and N efficiency of winter wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.
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Received: 22 August 2016
Accepted:
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| Fund: The research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300400), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2015CB150404), the Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in Public Interest of China (201203100), the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-year Plan period (2012BAD04B05), the Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology, China (J14LF12), the Shandong Province Mount Tai Industrial Talents Program, China, and the Shandong Province Key Agricultural Project for Application Technology Innovation, China. |
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Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence LI Yong, E-mail: woooowo@126.com; WANG Zhen-lin, E-mail: zlwang@sdau.edu.cn
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Cite this article:
CHEN Jin, ZHENG Meng-jing, PANG Dang-wei, YIN Yan-ping, HAN Ming-ming, LI Yan-xia, LUO Yong-li, XU Xu, LI Yong, WANG Zhen-lin.
2017.
Straw return and appropriate tillage method improve grain yield and nitrogen efficiency of winter wheat. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 16(08): 1708-1719.
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