Please wait a minute...
Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2015, Vol. 14 Issue (6): 995-1007    DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60984-9
Section 1: Consumption Advanced Online Publication | Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search |
Demographics, societal aging, and meat consumption in China
 MIN  Shi, BAI  Jun-fei, James  Seale Jr., Thomas  Wahl
1、Institute of Development and Agricultural Economics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover 30167, Germany
2、College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P.R.China
3、Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA
4、Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58102, USA
Download:  PDF in ScienceDirect  
Export:  BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
摘要  Drawn on the data collected by surveying 1340 urban households from six cities in China, this paper estimates the impacts of demographic structure and population aging on household meat consumption, by jointly considering meat consumed at home and away from home. Based on the trajectories of population, a simple simulation on meat demand trend in China is conducted subsequently. The results suggest: 1) Meat consumed away from home averagely accounts for near 30% of household total meat consumption in terms of quantity, so that its omission likely leads to a significant underestimate of total meat consumption and misunderstanding the driving forces; 2) population aging significantly and negatively affects per capita meat consumption, suggesting that the expected meat demand in China without considering population aging will be overestimated. The findings from this study have important implications for better understanding the relative issues on China’s meat consumption under the situation of population aging.

Abstract  Drawn on the data collected by surveying 1340 urban households from six cities in China, this paper estimates the impacts of demographic structure and population aging on household meat consumption, by jointly considering meat consumed at home and away from home. Based on the trajectories of population, a simple simulation on meat demand trend in China is conducted subsequently. The results suggest: 1) Meat consumed away from home averagely accounts for near 30% of household total meat consumption in terms of quantity, so that its omission likely leads to a significant underestimate of total meat consumption and misunderstanding the driving forces; 2) population aging significantly and negatively affects per capita meat consumption, suggesting that the expected meat demand in China without considering population aging will be overestimated. The findings from this study have important implications for better understanding the relative issues on China’s meat consumption under the situation of population aging.
Keywords:  food away from home       meat consumption       aging       China  
Received: 05 July 2014   Accepted:
Fund: 

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71273009); USDA, Economic Research Service, Cooperative Agreement (58-3000-7-0060); USDA, the Agricultural Food Research Initiative of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2010-65400-20489); USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service, th Emerging Markets Program Grant (2010-72); and Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (2014RC017).

Corresponding Authors:  BAI Jun-fei, Tel: +86-10-62738058,E-mail: jfbai@cau.edu.cn     E-mail:  jfbai@cau.edu.cn
About author:  MIN Shi, Tel: +49-511762-19928, E-mail: min@ifgb.uni-hannover.de;

Cite this article: 

MIN Shi, BAI Jun-fei, James Seale Jr., Thomas Wahl. 2015. Demographics, societal aging, and meat consumption in China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 14(6): 995-1007.

Bai J F, McCluskey J J, Wang H N, Min S. 2014. Dietaryglobalization in Chinese breakfasts. Canadian Journal ofAgricultural Economics. doi: 10.1111/cjag.12031

Bai J F, Wahl T, Lohmar B, Huang J K. 2010. Food away fromhome in Beijing: Effects of wealth, time and “free” meals.China Economic Review, 21, 432-441

Bai J F, Zhang C P, Qiao F B, Wahl T. 2012. Disaggregatinghousehold expenditures on food away from home in Beijingby type of food facility and type of meal. China AgriculturalEconomic Review, 4, 18-35

Banister J, David E B, Larry R. 2010. Population Aging andEconomic Growth in China, Harvard Program on the GlobalDemography of Aging, Working Paper No.53.

Breusch T S, Pagan A R. 1980. The Lagrange multiplier testand its applications to model specification in econometrics.Review of Economic Studies, 47, 239-253

Cai F, Wang M Y. 2006. Challenge facing China’s economicgrowth in its aging but not affluent era. China & WorldEconomy, 14, 20-31

Chen F N, Liu G Y. 2009. Population aging in China. In:Uhlenberg P, ed., International Handbook of PopulationAging. Springer, Netherlands. pp. 157-172

Davis C G, Lin B. 2005a. Factors Affecting U.S. BeefConsumption. U.S. Department of Agriculture, EconomicResearch Service, Washington, D.C., LDP-M-135-02.

Davis C G, Lin B. 2005b. Factors Affecting U.S. PorkConsumption. U.S. Department of Agriculture, EconomicResearch Service, Washington, D.C., LDP-M-130-01.

Du P, Zhai Z W, Chen W. 2005. One hundred years trend ofpopulation aging in China. Population research, 29, 90-93(in Chinese)

Flaherty J H, Liu M L, Lei D, Dong B R, Ding Q F, Li X, Xiao SF. 2007. China: the aging giant. Journ Fu W, Vasant P G, Cao L J, Liu H B, Zhou Z Y. 2012. Risingconsumption of animal products in China and India: nationaland global implications. China & World Economy, 20,88-106

Garriguet D. 2006. Overview of Canadians’ eating habits.[2014-4-10]. http://publications.gc.ca/Collection/Statcan/82-620-M/82-620-MIE2006002.pdf

Gossard M H. 2003. Social structural influences on meatconsumption. Human Ecology Review, 10, 1-9

Gould B W, Hector J V. 2006. An assessment of the currentstructure of food demand in urban China. AgriculturalEconomics, 34, 1-16

Guo X G, Thomas A M, Barry M P, Zhai F Y. 2000. StructuralChange in the impact of income on food consumption inChina, 1989-1993 Economic Development and CulturalChange, 48, 737-760

Huang J K. 1999. Social development, urbanization and foodconsumption. Social Sciences in China, 4, 102-116 (inChinese)

Huang J K, Scott R. 1998. Market development and fooddemand in rural China. China Economic Review, 9, 25-45

Huang J K, Yang J, Qiu H G. 2012. Thoughts on nationalfood security strategies and policies in new era. Issues inAgricultural Economy, 3, 4-8 (in Chinese)

Li M, Shen K R. 2013. Population aging and housingconsumption: a nonlinear relationship in China. China &World Economy, 21, 60-77

Liu H B, Parton K A, Zhou Z Y, Rod C. 2009. At home meatconsumption in China: an empirical study. Australian Journalof Agricultural and Resource Economics, 53, 485-501

Liu H B, Parton K A, Zhou Z Y, Rod C. 2011. Away-from-homemeat consumption in China. Asian Journal of Agricultureand Development, 8, 1-15

Ma H Y, Allan R, Huang J K, Scott R. 2004. Chinese animalproduct consumption in the 1990s. Australian Journal ofAgricultural and Resource Economics, 48, 569-590

Ma H Y, Huang J K, Frank F, Scott R. 2006. Getting rich andeating out: Consumption of food away from home in urbanChina. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 54,101-119

NBSC (National Bureau of Statistics of China). 2008. ChinaStatistical Yearbook. China Statistics Press, Beijing, China.(in Chinese)

NBSC (National Bureau of Statistics of China). 2010-2012 China Statistical Yearbook. China Statistics Press, Beijing,China. (in Chinese)

NBSC (National Bureau of Statistics of China). 2013. ChinaStatistical Yearbook 2012. China Statistical Press, Beijing,China. (in Chinese)

Peng X Z. 2011. China’s demographic history and futurechallenges. Science, 333, 581-587

Seale J L, Bai J F, Wahl T, Bryan L. 2012. Household Engelcurve analysis for food, Beijing, China. China AgriculturalEconomic Review, 4, 427-439

Sutherland D, Yao S J. 2011. Income inequality in China over 30years of reforms. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economyand Society, 4, 91-105

United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs,Population Division. World Population Aging 2013. ST/ESA/SER.A/348.

Vardges H, Gould B W. 2011. Quantifying the structure of fooddemand in China: An econometric approach. AgriculturalEconomics, 42, 1-17

Wang F, Andrew M. 2007. Population aging in China:Challenges, opportunities, and institutions. In: Zhao Z W,GUO F, eds., Transition and Challenge: China’s Populationat the Beginning of the 21st Century. Oxford UniversityPress, Oxford. pp. 177-196

Wang J M, Zhou Z Y, Cox R J. 2005. Animal productconsumption trends in China. Australasian AgribusinessReview, 13, 1-28

Wang J M, Zhou Z Y, Yang J. 2004. How much animal productdo the Chinese consume? Empirical evidence fromhousehold surveys. Australasian Agribusiness Review,12, 1-12

Wang Z L, Wang J M. 2011. Animal products consumptionchange features in China and future demand forecast.Agricultural Outlook, 8, 55-59 (in Chinese)

Xiang J. 2012. The impacts of population change on foodconsumption. Ph D thesis, Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing, China. (in Chinese)

Xie A. 2004. Current situation, trend and characteristics ofChina’s population aging. Statistical Research, 8, 50-53(in Chinese)

Yang X. 2007. Animal products consumption and forecast inChina. Food and Nutrition in China, 5, 28-30 (in Chinese)

Yen S T, Cheng F, Su S J. 2004. Household food demandin urban China: a censored system approach. Journal ofComparative Economics, 32, 564-585

Yu X H, Abler D. 2009. The demand for food quality in ruralChina. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 91,57-69

Yen S T, Lin B, Davis C G. 2008. Consumer knowledge andmeat consumption at home and away from home. FoodPolicy, 33, 631-639

Yu X H, Abler D. 2014. Where have all the pigs gone?Inconsistencies in pork statistics in China. China EconomicReview, 30, 469-484

Zellner A. 1962. An efficient method of estimating seeminglyunrelated regressions and tests for aggregation bias.Journal of the American Statistical Association, 57,348-368

Zhong F N, Xiang J. 2012. Population structure, occupationalstructure and food consumption. Issues in AgriculturalEconomy, 9, 12-16 (in Chinese)

Zhou Z Y, Tian W M, Wang J M, Liu H B, Cao L J. 2012.Food Consumption Trends in China. Report submittedto the Australian Government Department of Agriculture,Fisheries and Forestry. [2014-4-25] http://www.daff.gov.au/agriculture-food/food/publications/food-consumptiontrends-in-china
[1] YU Wen-jia, LI Hai-gang, Peteh M. NKEBIWE, YANG Xue-yun, GUO Da-yong, LI Cui-lan, ZHU Yi-yong, XIAO Jing-xiu, LI Guo-hua, SUN Zhi, Torsten MÜLLER, SHEN Jian-bo. Combining rhizosphere and soil-based P management decreased the P fertilizer demand of China by more than half based on LePA model simulations[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(8): 2509-2520.
[2] LI Dong-qing, ZHANG Ming-xue, LÜ Xin-xin, HOU Ling-ling. Does nature-based solution sustain grassland quality? Evidence from rotational grazing practice in China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(8): 2567-2576.
[3] YANG Rui, XU Hang. Water diversion and agricultural production: Evidence from China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(4): 1244-1257.
[4] HOU Jing, ZHOU Li, Jennifer IFFT, YING Rui-yao. The role of time preferences in contract breach: Evidence from Chinese poultry farmers participating in contract farming[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(2): 623-641.
[5] YANG Xiao-yin, XU Bao-chen, LEI Hong-mei, LUO Xin, ZHU Li-xian, ZHANG Yi-min, MAO Yan-wei, LIANG Rong-rong. Effects of grape seed extract on meat color and premature browning of meat patties in high-oxygen packaging[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(8): 2445-2455.
[6] FENG Lu, CHI Bao-jie, DONG He-zhong. Cotton cultivation technology with Chinese characteristics has driven the 70-year development of cotton production in China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(3): 597-609.
[7] CHU Zhen-dong, MING Bo LI Lu-lu, XUE Jun, ZHANG Wan-xu, HOU Liang-yu, XIE Rui-zhi, HOU Peng, WANG Ke-ru, LI Shao-kun . Dynamics of maize grain drying in the high latitude region of Northeast China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(2): 365-374.
[8] ZHOU Yong, YAN Xiao-yuan, GONG Song-ling, LI Cheng-wei, ZHU Rong, ZHU Bo, LIU Zhang-yong, WANG Xiao-long, CAO Peng. Changes in paddy cropping system enhanced economic profit and ecological sustainability in central China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(2): 566-577.
[9] LIU Ying-xia, Gerard B. M. HEUVELINK, Zhanguo BAI, HE Ping, JIANG Rong, HUANG Shao-hui, XU Xin-peng. Statistical analysis of nitrogen use efficiency in Northeast China using multiple linear regression and random forest[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(12): 3637-3657.
[10] Sheng-Han-Erin CHANG, YI Xiao-yan, Johannes SAUER, YIN Chang-bin, LI Fu-duo. Explaining farmers’ reluctance to adopt green manure cover crops planting for sustainable agriculture in Northwest China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(11): 3382-3394.
[11] MA Ji-liang, LI Fan, ZHANG Hui-jie, Khan NAWAB . Commercial cash crop production and households’ economic welfare: Evidence from the pulse farmers in rural China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(11): 3395-3407.
[12] PENG Yan-ling, Yanjun REN, LI Hou-jian. Do credit constraints affect households’ economic vulnerability? Empirical evidence from rural China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(9): 2552-2568.
[13] SHAO Rui-xin, YU Kang-ke, LI Hong-wei, JIA Shuang-jie, YANG Qing-hua, ZHAO Xia, ZHAO Ya-li, LIU Tian-xu. The effect of elevating temperature on the growth and development of reproductive organs and yield of summer maize[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(7): 1783-1795.
[14] QIAO Fang-bin, HUANG Ji-kun. Farmers’ risk preference and fertilizer use[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(7): 1987-1995.
[15] ZHU Wen-bo, CHEN Yong-fu, ZHAO Jing, WU Bei-bei. Impacts of household income on beef at-home consumption: Evidence from urban China[J]. >Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(6): 1701-1715.
No Suggested Reading articles found!