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1. 变栖克雷伯氏菌FH-1的定殖可诱导大豆生长并缓解核盘菌胁迫
ZHAI Qian-hang, PAN Ze-qun, ZHANG Cheng, YU Hui-lin, ZHANG Meng, GU Xue-hu, ZHANG Xiang-hui, PAN Hong-yu, ZHANG Hao
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (9): 2729-2745.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.01.007
摘要240)      PDF    收藏
由核盘菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)引起的菌核病是一种毁灭性的土传大豆病害,会造成巨大的产量损失。我们以前报道过变栖克雷伯氏菌FH-1可以降解莠去津除草剂,并且可以增加莠去津敏感作物(如大豆)的营养生长。我们发现FH-1可以促进大豆生长并诱导对菌核病菌的抗性,为了证明FH-1对大豆菌核病菌的生防机制并评价其生防能力,我们在体外培养基试验中证明菌株FH-1可以固定培养基中的氮,溶解无机磷和钾,并产生吲哚乙酸和铁载体,具有促进植物生长的潜力。盆栽试验结果表明,变栖克雷伯氏菌FH-1能促进大豆植株发育,显著提高株高、鲜重和根长,并诱导大豆叶片对菌核病的抗性。用菌株FH-1治疗的疾病进展曲线下面积(AUDPC)显著低于对照,并且在48小时内减少了高达42.2%。(P < 0.001)。此外,紫外分光光度计法测量结果表明菌株FH-1可以增强参与大豆植物防御的过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶和多酚氧化酶的酶活性,并减少了叶片中丙二醛的积累。定量实时PCR检测了可能参与大豆抵抗核盘菌胁迫的相关基因的转录水平,结果表明诱导抗性的机制似乎主要是由于变栖克雷伯氏菌FH-1诱导PR10、PR12、AOS、CHS和PDF1.2基因转录水平的提高。利用结晶紫染色法测定了菌株FH-1具有生物膜形成能力,用共聚焦荧光显微镜和扫描电镜观测菌株FH-1在大豆根上的定殖情况,菌株FH-1可以定殖在大豆根表面、根毛和外皮层上形成生物膜。综上所述,变栖克雷伯氏菌FH-1在大豆根部的定殖有助于诱导参与植物保护的防御酶和相关防御基因的表达,诱导大豆对菌核病菌的抗性表现出生物防治潜力。这对大豆的种植和生长具有重要意义。此外,本研究有助于理解变种芽胞杆菌FH-1、大豆植株和核盘菌之间相互作用的有价值的第一步,这为绿色防控提供了新的思路。


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2. 基于计算机视觉技术的草地贪夜蛾生殖发育状态精准识别 与产卵预测
LÜ Chun-yang, GE Shi-shuai, HE Wei, ZHANG Hao-wen, YANG Xian-ming, CHU Bo, WU Kong-ming
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (7): 2173-2187.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.12.003
摘要187)      PDF    收藏

草地贪夜蛾(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)是世界范围内重要的迁飞性农业害虫,自2016年以来入侵非亚洲多个国家,目前对世界粮食安全构成严重威胁。当前,草地贪夜蛾的监测和预警策略主要集中在成虫种群密度,缺乏准确预测成虫繁殖动态的信息技术平台。于是在本研究中,为了识别成虫的发育状况,我们首先利用雌性卵巢图像提取和筛选出五个特征并结合支持向量机(SVM)分类器,以及利用雄性精巢图像获取精巢的圆形特征,对成虫发育时间进行判定。然后,利用实验室测试建立了产卵动态与成虫生殖器官发育时间之间关系的模型。结果表明,雌性卵巢发育等级判断的准确率达到91%,卵巢发育时间实际值与预测值的均方误差(MSE)为0.2431,日产卵量实际值与预测值的平均误差率为12.38%。精巢直径识别误差3.25%,雄性精巢发育时间预测值和实际值的均方误差为0.7734。综合上述研究成果,开发了草地贪夜蛾生殖发育状态识别及繁殖预测微信小程序,现已开放给植保人员使用。本研究开发了一种自动化方法,可以精准预测草地贪夜蛾种群繁殖动态,有助于建设种群监测预和警系统,供专业专家和当地群众使用。

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3. SsRSS1基因参与甘蔗鞭黑粉菌的水杨酸响应及致病性调控
ZHANG Hao-yang, YANG Yan-fang, GUO Feng, SHEN Xiao-rui, LU Shan, CHEN Bao-sha
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (7): 2126-2137.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.10.006
摘要222)      PDF    收藏

【目的】甘蔗鞭黑粉菌引起的甘蔗黑穗病是甘蔗上最严重的系统性真菌病害,对全球甘蔗生产造成严重的损失。然而,该病原菌的致病机制在很大程度上仍然未知,对甘蔗鞭黑粉菌致病性调控机制的研究将有助于开发新的病害防治策略。【方法】利用农杆菌T-DNA介导的CRISPR-Cas9基因插入突变及回补系统分别在甘蔗鞭黑粉菌两个不同的交配型担孢子中构建水杨酸感知调节因子SsRss1的敲除株和回补株。通过对细胞表型观察、生长速度、压力应激、水杨酸耐受性、有性配合以及致病的检测,明确SsRSS1基因在甘蔗鞭黑粉菌重要生物过程中的功能。【结果】SsRss1是一个具有保守锌簇DNA结合结构域的GAL4样转录因子,受水杨酸诱导表达;敲除SsRss1编码基因SsRSS1不影响甘蔗鞭黑粉菌单倍体担孢子的细胞形态、体外生长速率及有性配合能力,但降低了单倍体担孢子对水杨酸的耐受力;SsRSS1缺失突变体对甘蔗的侵染率下降约40%,受侵染植株的黑鞭症状形成时间延迟或植未能形成黑鞭;SsRSS1基因缺失不影响植株体内菌丝的形态及冬孢子的形成与萌发。【结论】甘蔗鞭黑粉菌SsRss1参与病原菌对水杨酸的响应并对水杨酸的耐受性和致病性有明显贡献。【创新性】本研究首次报道了甘蔗鞭黑粉菌转录因子SsRss1在致病性调控方面的作用及机制,加深了该病原菌与甘蔗互作机理的认识

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4. 籼/粳杂交水稻产量、氮肥利用效率与生理表现对施氮量的响应
ZHOU Qun, YUAN Rui, ZHANG Wei-yang, GU Jun-fei, LIU Li-jun, ZHANG Hao, WANG Zhi-qin, YANG Jian-chang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (1): 63-79.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.076
摘要471)      PDF    收藏

利用籼/交稻(IJHR)杂种优势是进一步提高水稻产量的有效途径。合理施用氮肥对于充分发挥IJHR杂种优势,实现其巨大产量潜力重要作用。但是,IJHR产量和氮肥利用率对施氮量的响应及其生理机制仍然不清楚。本研究旨在阐明这一问题。于2018-2019年,选用目前生产上应用3个水稻品种IJHR品种甬优2640、粳稻品种连粳7号和籼稻品种扬稻6,大田种植设置6种施氮量(0100200300400500 kg hm-2处理。结果表明,各供试品种的产量随着施氮量的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,甬优2640产量施氮量为400 kg hm-2时最高,为13.4 t hm-2连粳7号和扬稻6产量在施氮量为300 kg hm-2时最高分别9.4 t hm-2和10.6 t hm-2。在相同尤其是在较高的施氮量下,甬优2640产量和利用效率均高于连粳7号和扬稻6号。与连粳7号或扬稻6号相比,甬优2640具有较好的生理性状如较高的根系氧化和叶片光合速率,根和叶中高的细胞分裂素含量,灌浆期茎中同化物较多地向籽粒转运。以上结果说明,无论是低施氮量还是高施氮量IJHR均能较常规水稻获得较高的产量和氮利用效率。IJHR较好的地上部和根系性状获得较高产量和氮利用效率的重要原因IJHR植株中较高的细胞分裂素含量响应施氮量起着至关重要的作用,并于其他生理过程。

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5. JIA-2020-2649在水稻高产水平下通过改变淀粉结构与理化性质进而改善稻米品质的氮肥运筹管理
ZHOU Tian-yang, LI Zhi-kang, LI En-peng, WANG Wei-lu, YUAN Li-min, ZHANG Hao, LIU Li-jun, WANG Zhi-qin, GU Jun-fei, YANG Jian-chang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (6): 1576-1592.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63678-X
摘要268)      PDF    收藏

本研究通过两年大田试验,以两个高产超级稻品种为试验材料,设置了不施用氮肥、高氮肥投入的当地农民习惯栽培方式、优化氮肥管理措施1和优化氮肥管理措施2共计四种氮肥管理方式。试验结果表明通过控制氮肥投入总量、增加种植密度和优化氮肥追施比例等措施,实现高产优质和氮肥利用率的提高。与当地农民习惯相比,优化氮肥管理分别提高了产量和氮肥偏生产力1.70%和13.06%,提高了籽粒淀粉和直链淀粉含量,显著降低了蛋白质含量。在优化氮肥管理下,支链淀粉短支链A链(DP6-12)和B1链(DP13-25)含量显著增加,淀粉结晶度显著下降,同时淀粉的粘度值增加,淀粉的热力学特性变优,从而提高了稻米的蒸煮与食味品质。以上研究结果表明优化氮肥管理可以缓解高产水平条件下因大量氮肥投入而引起的稻米品质变劣,实现高产优质和氮肥利用率的协同提高的目标,对水稻的高产优质生产具有实践和指导意义


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6. Incorporating genomic annotation into single-step genomic prediction with imputed whole-genome sequence data
TENG Jin-yan, YE Shao-pan, GAO Ning, CHEN Zi-tao, DIAO Shu-qi, LI Xiu-jin, YUAN Xiao-long, ZHANG Hao, LI Jia-qi, ZHANG Xi-quan, ZHANG Zhe
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (4): 1126-1136.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63813-3
摘要197)      PDF    收藏

一步法基因组预测方法广泛应用于畜禽育种中,它可以在一个模型中同时考虑有基因分型和无基因分型的个体信息。目前,基于群体水平的全基因组序列数据快速增长,如何在一步法基因组预测中更好地利用序列数据提高基因组预测准确性备受关注。研究表明,通过整合来自公共数据库的生物学先验信息可提高基因组预测的准确性。因此,本研究中对一步法基因组预测模型进行扩展,以探究如何在模型中有效地整合基因组注释信息提高基因组预测的性能。本研究以黄羽肉鸡群体为实验对象,群体共有1338个个体及23个性状,其中895个个体具有填充的全基因组序列数据,包含5127612个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记。研究考虑了不同注释信息与模型的组合,提出四种扩展的一步法模型,并与原始的一步法及基于单倍型的一步法模型进行比较。对于整合基因组注释信息的扩展一步法模型,我们根据鸡的基因组注释信息对SNP标记进行映射,在基因区域和外显子区域分别共映射到3155524和94837个SNP标记。随后采用这些映射到的SNP标记依据不同模型的规则构建基因组亲缘关系矩阵并用于基因组预测。研究结果发现,扩展的一步法模型在其中15个性状中优于其它基准模型。相比于原始的一步法模型,扩展的一步法模型预测能力可提升约2.5%~6.1%。此外,为了进一步提升一步法模型利用序列数据时的基因组预测准确性,我们在该群体中研究了参考群基因分型策略。结果显示在大部分情况下按家系均匀选择的策略来对个体进行基因分型优于随机选择的方式。综上,本研究在一步法框架下,扩展了基因组预测模型,使其整合序列数据以及基因组注释信息。验证了合理利用基因组注释信息和填充的序列数据可提高一步法基因组预测模型的预测能力。而且,在利用序列数据的同时,通过最大化参考群体和候选群体之间的期望亲缘关系来进行基因分型可进一步提高一步法模型的预测能力。本研究的创新在于通过序列数据将基因组注释信息整合至一步法模型中,为在一步法基因组预测方法中有效利用序列数据提供了有益参考


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7. Interactive effect of shade and PEG-induced osmotic stress on physiological responses of soybean seedlings
Muhammad Ahsan ASGHAR, JIANG Heng-ke, SHUI Zhao-wei, CAO Xi-yu, HUANG Xi-yu, Shakeel IMRAN, Bushra AHMAD, ZHANG Hao, YANG Yue-ning, SHANG Jing, YANG Hui, YU Liang, LIU Chun-yan, YANG Wen-yu, SUN Xin, DU Jun-bo
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (9): 2382-2394.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63383-4
摘要140)      PDF    收藏

本文探讨了PEG诱导的渗透胁迫与荫蔽效应之间的关系。荫蔽和非荫蔽条件下,大豆品种C-103受到聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)诱导的渗透胁迫。在两种光环境中,PEG诱导的渗透胁迫都显著降低了相对含水量、形态参数、碳水化合物和叶绿素含量,大豆幼苗的渗透调节物质、活性氧和抗氧化酶明显增加。本研究表明,在非荫蔽条件下生长的大豆幼苗,PEG诱导的渗透胁迫比荫蔽下的幼苗产生更多的丙二醛和过氧化氢。同样,在干旱胁迫下,被遮荫的植株比不被荫蔽的植株积累了更多的糖和脯氨酸。因此,本研究结果揭示了未遮荫的植物比遮荫的植物对 PEG诱导的渗透胁迫更敏感,这提示荫蔽可以增强植物对渗透胁迫的保护机制,或者至少不会增强 PEG诱导的渗透胁迫对大豆幼苗的不利影响


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8. Effects of formic acid and corn flour supplementation of banana pseudostem silages on nutritional quality of silages, growth, digestion, rumen fermentation and cellulolytic bacterial community of Nubian black goats
Zhang Hao, Cheng Xuan, Mabrouk ELSABAGH, Lin Bo, Wang Hong-rong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (8): 2214-2226.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63470-0
摘要150)      PDF    收藏

本研究旨在探讨香蕉假茎青贮饲料中添加甲酸和玉米粉对青贮营养价值和努比亚黑山羊生长性能、营养消化、瘤胃发酵及纤维素降解菌的影响。香蕉假茎青贮饲料分为四组:常规不添加任何添加剂(CON),添加0.6%甲酸组(F)、添加10%玉米粉组(C),同时添加0.6%甲酸和10%玉米粉组 (F+C)。四种全混合日粮分别包含以上40%含量的青贮饲料,粗精比为50:50 (干物质基础)。选取阉割的努比亚黑山羊48只(4月龄;体重22.64±1.82 kg) 采取完全随机设计,分为四组,每组12只羊。分别饲喂四种含有不同香蕉假茎青贮饲料的全混合日粮,正式饲养周期为40天。试验采用2 (甲酸添加量:0和0.6%)×2 (玉米粉添加量:0和10%)双因素方差分析。试验结果如下,与CON组相比,添加甲酸显著提高了平均日增重、乳酸、丙酸、丁酸和水溶性碳水化合物浓度 (P<0.05),显著降低了饲料转化率、pH值、乙酸/丙酸和丁酸浓度 (P<0.05)。与CON组相比,添加玉米粉显著提高了粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维和非纤维性碳水化合物的表观消化率 (P<0.05),显著增加了瘤胃中产琥珀酸丝状杆菌,白色瘤胃球菌和溶纤维丁酸弧菌的含量 (P< 0.05)。除非纤维性碳水化合物表观消化率外,其他指标均无F×C相互作用 (P> 0.05)。结果表明,在香蕉假茎青贮饲料中添加0.6%甲酸和10%玉米粉,可改善香蕉假茎青贮饲料的营养品质,也可通过提高营养成分的表观消化率,调节瘤胃发酵指标和细菌数量,进而提高努比亚黑山羊的生长性能。


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9. Identifying the complex genetic architecture of growth and fatness traits in a Duroc pig population
ZHANG Zhe, CHEN Zi-tao, DIAO Shu-qi, YE Shao-pan, WANG Jia-ying, GAO Ning, YUAN Xiao-long, CHEN Zan-mou, ZHANG Hao, LI Jia-qi
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (6): 1607-1614.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63264-6
摘要185)      PDF    收藏

本研究首先使用多性状动物模型对4539头杜洛克猪的达100 kg体重日龄(D100)、达100 kg体重背膘厚(B100)和达100 kg体重眼肌面积(L100)性状进行遗传参数估计。进而,利用高密度SNP芯片对其中的1067头杜洛克猪进行基因分型,并使用基于单标记回归的线性模型对其D100、B100和L100性状进行全基因组关联分析。研究发现该群体的D100、B100和L100性状的遗传力分别为0.300、0.215和0.380。与D100性状相关的SNP位点12个,B100性状相关的SNP位点13个和L100性状相关的SNP位点3个,共注释到13个候选功能基因。这些基因是VPS4BPHLPP1、ENSSSCG00000034988、CDH20ENSSSCG00000004911ENSSSCG00000033637ADAMTS2NUDT3RPS10TSHZ1TXN2GRM4SNRPC。本研究所定位的D100、B100和L100性状相关的SNP与公共数据库(Animal QTLdb,https://www.animalgenome.org/cgi-bin/QTLdb/index)上相关基因组区域重叠。另外,通过对D100、B100和L100性状相关SNP定位的候选功能基因进行富集分析发现,候选功能基因显著富集在酶的调节或抑制活性和代谢相关的生物学进程(校正P值<0.05)。研究结果进一步揭示了杜洛克猪生长和脂肪性状的遗传结构,将为后续优良品种选育提供依据。


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10. Exploring the genetic features and signatures of selection in South China indigenous pigs
DIAO Shu-qi, XU Zhi-ting, YE Shao-pan, HUANG Shu-wen, TENG Jin-yan, YUAN Xiao-long, CHEN Zan-mou, ZHANG Hao, LI Jia-qi, ZHANG Zhe
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (5): 1359-1371.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63260-9
摘要152)      PDF    收藏

遗传特性的探索,可以了解群体内遗传结构,对探索群体形成提供有效信息。而选择信号检测不仅能反映选择对品种的培育作用,还有助于更好地理解选择机制。海南猪、五指山猪、两广小花猪是我国华南地区优秀的地方品种,具有耐粗饲、性成熟早、肉质鲜美等优点。杜洛克猪经历了长时间的正向选择,具有生长速度快、饲料转换率高、瘦肉率高等特点。本研究基于SNP(single-nucleotide polymorphism)芯片数据,对华南地区地方猪种及杜洛克猪6个群体,共计259个个体进行了主成分分析、系统发生树构建、群体结构分析、连锁不平衡分析、有效群体大小估计以及全基因组选择信号检测,旨在探究华南地区地方猪种的遗传特性与选择信号,为后续保种及利用提供一定参考信息。结果显示,6个猪群体被分为华南地区地方猪种和杜洛克猪两簇,而华南地区地方猪种簇中,海南地区地方猪种与两广小花猪分为两簇,此结果与主成分分析结果相似;5个华南地区地方猪种的有效群体大小在近年呈现迅速衰减趋势;当标记间距为100kb时,5个地方猪群体的连锁不平衡程度变化范围为:0.16-0.20,而杜洛克猪群体的连锁不平衡程度为0.32;此外,在华南地区地方猪种群体基因组中共检测到15个潜在受选择区域,在杜洛克猪基因组中检测到8个潜在受选择区域。综上所述,华南地区地方猪保种工作刻不容缓。群体结果分析和选择信号检测揭示了华南地区地方猪种不同群体间受选择方向的差异。本研究不仅为研究华南地区地方猪种的起源、有效群体大小和选择提供了新见解,并且还为日后该猪种的利用提供了参考信息。


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11. Two-way predation between immature stages of the hoverfly Eupeodes corollae and the invasive fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith)
LI Hui, JIANG Shan-shan, ZHANG Hao-wen, GENG Ting, Kris A. G. WYCKHUYS, WU Kong-ming
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (3): 829-839.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63291-9
摘要117)      PDF    收藏

草地贪夜蛾于2018年入侵亚洲后,迅速扩散,成为影响玉米生产安全的重大害虫。农药的使用减缓了草地贪夜蛾的为害,但由于长期使用的局限性,可替代或辅助农药的生物防治技术目前依然是国内外关注的焦点。大灰食蚜蝇(双翅目:食蚜蝇科)是玉米等多种作物田内的优势天敌昆虫,可取食草地贪夜蛾幼虫。本研究在室内模拟田间环境,研究了大灰食蚜蝇Eupeodes corollae幼虫对草地贪夜蛾卵和不同龄期幼虫的捕食能力。结果表明,2龄、3龄大灰食蚜蝇幼虫对1龄和2龄草地贪夜蛾的幼虫具有捕食作用,理论日最大捕食量分别为43.48头和83.33头。当草地贪夜蛾幼虫发育至3龄后,显现出对低龄大灰食蚜蝇幼虫的捕食行为,5龄和6龄草地贪夜蛾幼虫对1龄、2龄、3龄大灰食蚜蝇的理论日最大捕食量分别为16.39-19.23头、6.02-19.61头和6.76-8.26头,捕食作用符合功能反应Ⅲ。表明草地贪夜蛾幼虫与大灰食蚜蝇存在捕食互作关系,其入侵后将影响大灰食蚜蝇等天敌昆虫的种群动态。综上,本试验为鳞翅目害虫与天敌昆虫的互作关系研究提供了新的思路,对综合评价草地贪夜蛾与天敌昆虫的物种关系和发展生物防治技术具有重要意义。


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12. Population occurrence of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in the winter season of China
YANG Xian-ming, SONG Yi-fei, SUN Xiao-xu, SHEN Xiu-jing, WU Qiu-lin, ZHANG Hao-wen, ZHANG Dan-dan, ZHAO Sheng-yuan, LIANG Ge-mei, WU Kong-ming
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (3): 772-782.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63292-0
摘要106)      PDF    收藏

草地贪夜蛾自2018年12月11日入侵云南后已在我国定殖并形成了周年繁殖区,春夏季将以周年繁殖区为起点向北迁飞。明确其周年发生区域,对指导我国草地贪夜蛾的监测预警及科学防控工作具有重要意义。对冬季草地贪夜蛾在我国热带和亚热带地区的种群动态研究表明,幼虫虫口密度与冬季温度显著正相关,热带地区草地贪夜蛾幼虫种群密度最高,其次为南亚热带地区,而中亚热带北部地区和北亚热带地区未见草地贪夜蛾幼虫发生。研究结果指出草地贪夜蛾在我国1月份等温线10℃以南的热带和南亚热带地区可周年繁殖,该区域包括海南省和台湾省,以及福建、广东、广西、贵州和云南五省的南部区域。该研究明确了草地贪夜蛾的在中国的周年繁殖区域,为该虫区域性监测预警及防控提供了重要依据。


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13. Flight activity promotes reproductive processes in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda
GE Shi-shuai, HE Wei, HE Li-mei, YAN Ran, ZHANG Hao-wen, WU Kong-ming
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (3): 727-735.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63204-X
摘要148)      PDF    收藏

草地贪夜蛾属鳞翅目夜蛾科,自2016年以来相继入侵非洲和亚洲多地,对世界粮食生产安全构成严重威胁。远距离迁飞和较强的生殖能力是其种群快速扩张的生物学基础,但目前对其飞行与生殖间的相互关系研究较少。本文利用飞行磨吊飞模拟草地贪夜蛾的飞行活动,研究了草地贪夜蛾飞行后对其生殖活动的影响。结果表明与对照组(未飞行)相比,1-3日龄草地贪夜蛾飞行10 h后产卵前期均显著缩短,产卵同步性显著增强,产卵量、产卵历期和交配率等生殖参数没有显著差异;2日龄草地贪夜蛾飞行时间超过2.5 h后,与对照相比产卵前期显著缩短,产卵同步性显著增强,产卵量、产卵历期、交配率等生殖参数没有显著差异。另外,通过解剖雌、雄蛾的生殖系统发现,1日龄草地贪夜蛾经历5 h吊飞处理后,卵巢和精巢的发育速度明显加快。这些结果表明合适的飞行活动显著促进草地贪夜蛾的生殖进程,这增加了我们对其迁飞生物学与区域暴发关系的相关认识,有助于阐明草地贪夜蛾的爆发机制以及预测其发生为害趋势。


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14. Spread of invasive migratory pest Spodoptera frugiperda and management practices throughout China
ZHOU Yan, WU Qiu-lin, ZHANG Hao-wen, WU Kong-ming
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (3): 637-645.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63621-3
摘要163)      PDF    收藏

草地贪夜蛾于2018年12月入侵中国,2019和2020年分别在中国26和27个省(自治区、直辖市)发生112.5万公顷和127.8万公顷。玉米是受害最严重的作物,同时麦类等20余种其它农作物也受到危害。在研究明确草地贪夜蛾生物学习性、发生规律和危害特性的基础上,中国政府将草地贪夜蛾发生区域划分为西南华南周年繁殖区、江南江淮迁飞过渡区和黄淮海及北方重点防范区,实施分区治理策略;全国农技推广中心构建的全国草地贪夜蛾监测预警技术平台,可实时掌握县域水平的害虫发生信息;根据测报信息,基层政府组织植保队伍和农民采取化学防治、理化诱控和生物生态控制等措施及时开展防治工作。通过联防联控的组织模式,草地贪夜蛾的发生危害得到了有效控制,2019-2020年全国草地贪夜蛾发生区的总体产量损失低于5%,保障了玉米等作物的安全生产。本文也讨论了现阶段存在的问题及未来发展方向。


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15. Analysis of DNA methylation of CD79B in MDV-infected chicken spleen
WANG Lu-lu, ZHAO Chun-fang, LIU Chang-jun, ZHANG Hao, LIAN Ling
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (11): 2995-3002.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63564-X
摘要146)      PDF    收藏

鸡马立克氏病(Marek’s disease, MD)是由马立克氏病病毒(Marek’s disease virus, MDV)诱发的免疫抑制性疾病,该病曾为全球家禽产业带来巨大的经济损失,同时也为研究由致癌病毒引起的疾病提供了理想的医学模型。 CD79B作为B细胞抗原受体复合物相关蛋白β链前体,参与B细胞的激活、增殖、分化和下游信号的传递。为了评估CD79B基因在MD中的作用,我们以前期构建的MDV攻毒群体所得到的肿瘤化的脾脏组织(Tumor spleen,TS)和对照群体的正常脾脏组织(Normal spleen, NS)为实验材料,通过Q-PCR检测了CD79B基因的mRNA表达。设计了两个方案(#20和#27号)检测CD79B基因的甲基化水平,这两个方案分别涵盖了CD79B基因5’侧翼至内含子1和内含子2至内含子3的区域。为了确定CD79B基因的甲基化水平是否参与调控mRNA表达量,我们将mRNA表达量与甲基化水平进行相关分析。实验结果表明,两个方案中CpG位点的平均甲基化水平在TS组高于NS组(P<0.05), CD79B的mRNA表达水平在TS组低于NS组(P<0.01)。当比较每个CpG位点在两组中的差异发现,在两个方案的40个CpG位点中有6个在TS与NS之间具有显著的甲基化水平差异(P<0.05)。相关分析表明TS中#20的平均甲基化水平可以影响mRNA表达量(P<0.05),而其中具有显著差异甲基化的2个CpG位点的甲基化水平与mRNA的表达量不相关(P>0.05)。该结果表明,一个区域的平均甲基化水平(不是某个差异显著的CpG位点)与该基因的表达有关,提示该区域可能因整体甲基化水平的改变而影响到转录因子的结合进而影响基因表达。总的来说,我们发现MDV感染后CD79B基因表达的改变可能是由DNA甲基化水平改变所引起的。


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16. Changes in starch quality of mid-season indica rice varieties in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in last 80 years
ZHANG Hao, JING Wen-jiang, XU Jing-ju, MA Bing-ju, WANG Wei-lu, ZHANG Wei-yang, GU Jun-fei, LIU Li-jun, WANG Zhi-qin, YANG Jian-chang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (12): 2983-2996.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63431-1
摘要119)      PDF    收藏
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) quality depends mainly on the characteristics of starch stored in kernels.  Understanding the changes in starch characteristics in kernels during variety improvement would have great significance to improve rice quality.  This study was designed to investigate the starch characteristics in the kernels and associated physiological traits of indica rice varieties in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China in last 80 years.  Eight representative mid-season indica rice varieties were grown in the field.  The results showed that the grain yield was significantly increased with the improvement of varieties and such an increase was mainly attributed to the increase in total number of spikelets.  The tall varieties applied in the 1940s–1950s had higher protein content, relative crystallinity and infrared (IR) ratio of 1 045/1 022 cm–1.  The semi-dwarf varieties applied in the 1980s–1990s had higher gel consistency, amylopectin content, IR ratio of 1 022/995 cm–1, and breakdown value.  With the improvement of varieties, the amylose content, large-sized starch granule number and volume distribution, onset and peak of gelatinization temperature, gelatinization and retrogradation enthalpy, setback value, pasting temperature, viscosity of peak, hot and final, and 1-aminocycopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) concentrations in panicles and root bleeding were gradually decreased, whereas the medium-sized starch granule number and volume distribution, activities of key enzymes in grains, and zeatin (Z)+zeatin riboside (ZR) contents in panicles and root bleeding at grain filling stage were gradually increased.  Correlation analysis showed that starch thermodynamic characteristics were closely related to starch structure and components, key enzymes and hormones.  The results suggest that starch quality was enhanced through the optimization of starch components, structure, thermodynamics, and the regulation of key enzymes in grains and hormones in panicles and root bleedings at grain filling stage during the improvement of mid-season indica rice.
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17. The autophagy gene ATG8 affects morphogenesis and oxidative stress tolerance in Sporisorium scitamineum
ZHANG Bin, CUI Guo-bing, CHANG Chang-qing, WANG Yi-xu, ZHANG Hao-yang, CHEN Bao-shan, DENG Yi-zhen, JIANG Zi-de
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (5): 1024-1034.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62109-4
摘要232)      PDF    收藏
The basidiomycetous fungus Sporisorium scitamineum causes sugarcane smut that leads to severe economic losses in the major sugarcane growing areas in China, India and Brazil, etc.  Autophagy is a conserved pathway in eukaryotes for bulk degradation and cellular recycling, and was shown to be important for fungal cell growth, development, and pathogenicity.  However, physiological function of autophagy has not been studied in S. scitamineum.  In this study, we identified a conserved Atg8 protein, named as SsAtg8 and characterized its function. Our results showed that autophagy was blocked in the ssatg8Δ mutant, in nitrogen starvation.  The ssatg8Δ mutant formed pseudohypha frequently and was hypersensitive to oxidative stress.  However, mating or filamenation was unaffected in the ssatg8Δ mutant in vitro.  Overall we demonstrate that autophagy is dispensable for S. scitamineum mating/filamentation, while critical for oxidative stress tolerance and proper morphology in sporidial stage.   
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18. Optimizing integrative cultivation management improves grain quality while increasing yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rice
ZHANG Hao, HOU Dan-ping, PENG Xian-long, MA Bing-ju, SHAO Shi-mei, JING Wen-jiang, GU Jun-fei, LIU Li-jun, WANG Zhi-qin, LIU Yuan-ying, YANG Jian-chang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (12): 2716-2731.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62836-4
摘要202)      PDF    收藏
A major challenge in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production is to cope with increasing grain yield and fertilizer use efficiency without compromising grain quality.  This study was designed to determine if optimizing integrative cultivation management in rice could improve grain quality while increase yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE).  An indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivar and a japonica rice cultivar were grown in the field, with five cultivation managements including no N application (0 N), local farmer’s practice (LFP), and three optimizing integrative cultivation managements, reducing N rate and increasing plant density (ND), ND+alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation (NDW), and NDW+applying rapeseed cake fertilizer (NDWR).  The results showed that the optimizing integrative cultivation managements could not only increase grain yield, but also enhance NUE compared to LFP.  Compared to LFP, NDWR significantly increased brown, milled, head milled rice rate, ratio of the kernel length to breadth and breakdown value of starch, whereas decreased amylose content, gel consistency, prolamin content, setback value, percentage of chalky kernels, and chalkiness.  The three optimizing integrative cultivation managements increased contents of total proteins, albumin and glutelin, activities of the key enzymes involved in the sucrose-starch conversion in grains, root oxidation activity, and malic and succinic acid concentrations in root exudates during the grain-filling period.  The results suggested that optimizing integrative cultivation managements could improve grain quality meanwhile increase grain yield and NUE by enhancing physiological activities of rice plants.
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19. Genome-wide detection of selective signatures in a Duroc pig population
DIAO Shu-qi, LUO Yuan-yu, MA Yun-long, DENG Xi, HE Ying-ting, GAO Ning, ZHANG Hao, LI Jia-qi, CHEN Zan-mou, ZHANG Zhe
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (11): 2528-2535.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)61984-7
摘要429)      PDF    收藏
The Duroc pig has high adaptability and feeding efficiency, making it one of the most popular pig breeds worldwide.  Over long periods of natural and artificial selection, genetic footprints, i.e., selective signatures, were left in the genome.  In this study, a Duroc pig population (n=715) was genotyped with the Porcine SNP60K Bead Chip and the GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (GGP) Porcine Chip.  The relative extended haplotype homozygosity (REHH) method was used for selective signature detection in a subset of the population (n=368), selected to represent a balanced family structure.  In total, 154 significant core regions were detected as selective signatures (P<0.01), some of which overlap with previously reported quantitative trait loci associated with several economically important traits, including average daily gain and backfat thickness.  Genome annotation for these significant core regions revealed a variety of interesting candidate genes including GATA3, TAF3, ATP5C1, and FGF1.  These genes were functionally related to anterior/posterior pattern specification, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling, embryonic skeletal system morphogenesis, and oxidation-reduction processes.  This research provides knowledge for the study of selection mechanisms and breeding practices in Duroc and other pigs.
 
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20. Energy and protein requirements for maintenance of Hu sheep during pregnancy
ZHANG Hao, SUN Ling-wei, WANG Zi-yu, MA Tie-wei, DENG Ming-tian, WANG Feng, ZHANG Yan-li
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (01): 173-183.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61691-5
摘要799)      PDF    收藏
This study aimed to determine the effect of stage and level of feed intake on energy metabolism, carbon-nitrogen (C-N) balance, and methane emission to determine energy and protein requirements for maintenance of maternal body including pregnancy tissues during pregnancy using the method of C-N balance.  Twenty-one ewes carrying twin fetuses were randomly divided into three groups of seven ewes each in the digestion and respirometry trial at d 40, 100, and 130 of gestation, respectively.  Three groups were fed a mixed diet either for ad libitum intake, 70 or 50% of the ad libitum intake during pregnancy.  The results showed that the apparent digestibility of C and N were increased as feeding levels decreased at each stage of gestation.  The daily net energy requirements for maintenance (NEm) were 295.80, 310.09, and 323.59 kJ kg–1 BW0.75 (metabolic body weight) with a partial efficiency of metabolisable energy utilization for maintenance of 0.664, 0.644, and 0.620 at d 40, 100, and 130 of gestation, respectively.  The daily net protein requirements for maintenance were 1.99, 2.35, and 2.99 g kg–1 BW0.75 at d 40, 100, and 130 of gestation, respectively.  These results for the nutritional requirements of the net energy and protein may help to formulate more balanced diets for Hu sheep during pregnancy.
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21. MicroRNA-34c regulates porcine granulosa cell function by targeting forkhead box O3a
XU Yuan, ZHANG Ai-ling, ZHANG Zhe, YUAN Xiao-long, CHEN Zan-mou, ZHANG Hao, LI Jia-qi
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (09): 2019-2028.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61582-4
摘要880)      PDF    收藏
Granulosa cells (GCs) are somatic cells of ovary, the behaviors of GCs are important for ovarian function.  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous 18–24 nucleotide (nt) non-coding RNAs, some of which have been shown to be important regulators of GCs function.  miR-34c involved in the regulation of various biological processes and was identified to be a pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative factor in many cell types.  However, the roles of miR-34c in GCs function remain unknown.  In this study, we used Annexin V-FITC and EdU assays to demonstrate that miR-34c exerted pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects in porcine GCs.  Dual-luciferase reporter assays, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting identified Forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) as a direct target gene of miR-34c.  The overexpression of FoxO3a rescued the phenotypic change caused by miR-34c in porcine GCs.  In conclusion, miR-34c regulate the function of porcine GCs by targeting FoxO3a.
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22. Cloning, expression, and polymorphism of the ECI1 gene in various pig breeds
LU Yun-feng, CHEN Ji-bao, ZHANG Bo, LI Qing-gang, WANG Zhi-xiu, ZHANG Hao, WU Ke-liang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (08): 1789-1799.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61624-6
摘要673)      PDF    收藏
    The enzyme Δ32-dienoyl-CoA isomerase (ECI1) plays a crucial role in the mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids with a double-bond in odd and even positions. The ECI1 gene might be a qualified candidate for studies pertaining to lipid deposition and meat quality in swine. In the present study, ECI1 cDNA of the Tibetan pig was obtained by in silico cloning and verified by PCR analysis. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ECI1 were screened by PCR-sequencing and genotypes of those SNPs were tested by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in Diannan small-ear pigs (DSP, n=40), Tibetan pigs (TP, n=60) and Yorkshire pigs (YP, n=30). The expression levels of ECI1 were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting in tissues of the liver, backfat, and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of DSP (n=8), TP (n=8) and YP (n=8). Single factor linear correlation analysis was applied separately for each breed to evaluate correlations between ECI1 gene expression in the LD muscle and intramuscular fat (IMF) content. We obtained an ECI1 gene length of 1 401 bp from the cDNA that contained a full coding region of 909 bp. Three novel SNPs (g.42425337G>A; g.42424666A>G; and g.42422755A>G) were detected, and only g.42424666A>G exhibited three genotypes among the three breeds. The ECI1 expression levels in the LD muscle of DSP and TP were significantly higher than that of YP (P<0.05). Moreover, TP had the highest ECI1 expression in backfat (P<0.01), and a positive correlation was observed between gene expression and IMF content. The results suggest that differences in ECI1 gene expression might be related to lipid deposition and meat quality in pig.
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23. Grain yield and water use efficiency of super rice under soil water deficit and alternate wetting and drying irrigation
ZHOU Qun, JU Cheng-xin, WANG Zhi-qin, ZHANG Hao, LIU Li-jun, YANG Jian-chang, ZHANG Jian-hua
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (05): 1028-1043.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61506-X
摘要941)      PDF    收藏
This study investigated if super rice could better cope with soil water deficit and if it could have better yield performance and water use efficiency (WUE) under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation than check rice.  Two super rice cultivars and two elite check rice cultivars were grown in pots with three soil moisture levels, well watered (WW), moderate water deficit (MWD) and severe water deficit (SWD).  Two cultivars, each for super rice and check rice, were grown in field with three irrigation regimes, alternate wetting and moderate drying (AWMD), alternate wetting and severe drying (AWSD) and conventional irrigation (CI).  Compared with that under WW, grain yield was significantly decreased under MWD and SWD treatments, with less reduction for super rice than for check rice.  Super rice had higher percentage of productive tillers, deeper root distribution, higher root oxidation activity, and greater aboveground biomass production at mid and late growth stages than check rice, especially under WMD and WSD.  Compared with CI, AWMD increased, whereas AWSD decreased grain yield, with more increase or less decrease for super rice than for check rice.  Both MWD and SWD treatments and either AWMD or AWSD regime significantly increased WUE compared with WW treatment or CI regime, with more increase for super rice than for check rice.  The results suggest that super rice has a stronger ability to cope with soil water deficit and holds greater promising to increase both grain yield and WUE by adoption of moderate AWD irrigation.
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24. p53 and NFκB regulate microRNA-34c expression in porcine ovarian granulosa cells
XU Yuan, ZHANG Ai-ling, XIAO Guang, ZHANG Zhe, CHEN Zan-mou, ZHANG Hao, LI Jia-qi
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2016, 15 (8): 1816-1824.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61178-9
摘要1514)      PDF    收藏
   MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous 18–24 nucleotide (nt) non-coding RNAs, some of which have been indicated to play key roles in granulosa cells (GCs) function. However, little is known about how the miRNA gene expression itself is regulated in the GCs. Our previous study showed that miR-34c, identified to be a pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative factor in many cell types, exerted the same effects in porcine GCs. Here, the transcriptional regulation of miR-34c expression in GCs was further investigated. 5´ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) assay indicated that the pri-miR-34c transcription start site was located in 1 556 bp upstream of pre-miR-34c. With dual-luciferase reporter assay, we confirmed a 69 bp core promoter region (–1 799 bp/–1 730 bp) was indispensable for the transcription of miR-34c. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay demonstrated that p53, p50, and p65 could bind to the transcription factor binding sites within the 69 bp core promoter region. In addition, deletion of transcripition factor binding sites resulted in obvious change of the miR-34c promoter activity. Finally, using overexpression and knockdown of p53, p50, and p65 strategies, we showed that p53 and p50 could positively regulated miR-34c expression, whereas p65 neletively regulated miR-34c expression in GCs. Our results provide new data about the transcription regulatory mechanism of miRNA genes in GCs.
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25. Genetic parameters and trends for production and reproduction traits of a Landrace herd in China
ZHANG Zhe, ZHANG Hao, PAN Rong-yang, WU Long, LI Ya-lan, CHEN Zan-mou, CAI Geng-yuan, LI Jia-qi, WU Zhen-fang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2016, 15 (05): 1069-1075.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61105-4
摘要1677)      PDF    收藏
    The objectives of this study were to estimate the genetic parameters and the breeding progress in a Landrace herd in China, and to predict the potential benefits by applying new breeding technology. Hereby, the performance records from a Landrace swine herd in China, composing over 33 000 pigs born between 2001 and 2013, were collected on six economically important traits, i.e., average daily gain between 30–100 kg (ADG), adjusted backfat thickness at 100 kg (BF), adjusted days to 30 kg (D30), adjusted days to 100 kg (D100), number born alive (NBA), and total number born (TNB). The genetic parameters were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood via DMU, and realized genetic trends were analyzed. Based on the real population structure and genetic parameters obtained from this herd, the potential genetic trends by applying genomic selection (GS) were predicted via a computer simulation study. Results showed that the heritability estimates in this Landrace herd were 0.55 (0.02), 0.42 (0.01), and 0.12 (0.01), for BF, D100, and TNB, respectively. Favorable genetic trends were obtained for D100, BF, and TNB due to direct selection, for ADG and NBA due to indirect selection. Long-term selection against D100 did not improve D30, though they are highly genetically correlated (0.64). Appling GS in such a swine herd, the genetic gain can be increased by 25%, or even larger for traits with low heritability or individuals without phenotypes before selection. It can be concluded that conventional breeding strategy was effective in the herd studied, while applying GS is promising and hence the road ahead in swine breeding.
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26. Performance in Grain Yield and Physiological Traits of Rice in the Yangtze River Basin of China During the Last 60 yr
ZHANG Hao, CHEN Ting-ting, LIU Li-jun, WANG Zhi-qin, YANG Jian-chang , ZHANG Jian-hua
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2013, 12 (1): 57-66.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60205-1
摘要1963)      PDF    收藏
Knowledge on the performance in grain yield and physiological traits is essential to understand the main yield-limiting factor and make strategies for breeding and crop management in rice (Oryza sativa L.). This study investigated the changes in grain yield and associated physiological traits of rice in the Yangtze River Basin of China during the last 60 yr. Thirteen mid-season indica and 12 japonica rice cultivars that were popularly used were grown in the field in 2008 and 2009. The grain yield and yield components, biomass, leaf area, leaf photosynthesis, root oxidation activity, and harvest index were examined. The results showed that grain yield and grain yield per day have progressively increased during the years and such increases are mainly attributed to the expanded sink size as a result of more spikelets per panicle, especially for the case of super rice. Both biomass and harvest index were increased with the improvement of cultivars. Increase in biomass for modern rice cultivars was associated with an enhancement of leaf area and photosynthesis, root dry weight, and root oxidation activity, although the indica super rice cultivars showed a lower leaf photosynthetic rate and root oxidation activity than the semi-dwarf cultivars during the grain filling period. Both indica and japonica super rice cultivars exhibited a low percentage of filled grains, which may limit their great yield potential. All the data suggested that grain yield have been substantially improved during the 60 yr of rice breeding in the Yangtze River Basin. Expanded sink size, increased dry matter production and harvest index, and enhanced leaf area and photosynthesis, root dry weight, and root oxidation activity contribute to the improvement in grain yield. Increase in filling efficiency could realize the great yield potential in super rice.
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27. Root Morphology and Physiology in Relation to the Yield Formation of Rice
YANG Jian-chang, ZHANG Hao, ZHANG Jian-hua
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2012, 12 (6): 920-926.   DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(00)8614
摘要2291)      PDF    收藏
Root system is a vital part of plant and regulates many aspects of shoot growth and development. This paper reviews how some traits of root morphology and physiology are related to the formation of grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Higher root biomass, root oxidation activity, and cytokinin contents in roots are required for achieving more panicle number, more spikelets per panicle, greater grain-filling percentage, and higher grain yield. However, these root traits are not linearly correlated with yield components. When these traits reach very high levels, grain filling and grain yield are not necessarily enhanced. High numbers of mitochondria, Golgi bodies, and amyloplasts in root tip cells benefit root and shoot growth and yield formation. Proper crop management, such as an alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation, can significantly improve ultra-structure of root tip cells, increase root length density and concentration of cytokinins in root bleedings, and consequently, increase grain-filling percentage, grain yield, and water use efficiency. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanism underlying root-shoot and root-soil interactions for high grain yield, the roles of root-sourced hormones in regulating crop growth and development and the effects of soil moisture and nutrient management on the root architecture and physiology.
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28. Conversion of the Statistical Combining Ability into a Genetic Concept
LV Ai-zhi, ZHANG Hao, ZHANG Zu-xin, TAO Yong-sheng, YUE Bing , ZHENG Yong-lian
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2012, 12 (1): 43-52.   DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(00)8512
摘要1667)      PDF    收藏
Since the combining ability was proposed in 1942, efforts to uncover the genetic basis underlying this phenomenon have been ongoing for nearly 70 yr, with little success. Some breeding strategies based on evaluation of combining ability have been produced, and are still extensively used in hybrid breeding. In this review, the genetic basis underlying these breeding strategies is discussed, and a potential genetic control of general combining ability (GCA) is postulated. We suggested that GCA and the yields of inbred lines might be genetically controlled by different sets of loci on the maize genome that are transmitted into offspring. Different inbred lines might possess different favorable alleles for GCA. In hybrids, loci involved in multiple pathways, which are directly or indirectly associated with yield performance, might be regulated by GCA loci. In addition, a case of GCA mapping using a set of testcross progeny from introgression lines is provided.
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