基于表型与遗传分化的羊草在中国草原扩散途径的探讨

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.13.003

Abstract

Abstract:

Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. is a Gramineous plant which is widely distributed in Eurasian steppe. It often forms dominant or single dominant species communities in different steppe types in China, such as dominance typical steppe and meadow steppe, or recessive meadow. This paper traces the references on the scientific names of L. chinensis, refers to the research of phylogenetic evolution position of L. chinensis in the genus and the origin and diffusion pathway of Leymus Hochst., and makes a comprehensive analysis and inference according to the systematic literature on the divergence and adaptation of L. chinensis. The type specimens of L. chinensis was collected by Russian botanist A. Bunge in Beijing, China in 1831. After German botanist B. Trinius and A. Bunge named the species to the type specimens in 1833, there were five historical changes of generic names and five species names, and up to 15 plant taxonomists participated successively. In the phylogenetic Sect. Racemosus, Sect. Leymus and Sect. Anisopyrum, L. chinensis was mostly divided into the Sect. Leymus, and its evolutionary level was lower in Sect. Leymus. The leaf color of L. chinensis in different habitats is generally grey-green and yellow-green ecotypes. In the same habitat, the morphological, physiological and molecular genetic characteristics of the two ecotypes are all obviously differentiated. The genetic diversity was higher in gray-green ecotype than in the yellow-green ecotype. The genetic diversity of two ecotypes decreased gradually from east to west in the 900 km longitude transect of northeast grassland. Through comprehensive analysis, it is inferred that between the two ecotypes, the yellow-green ecotype is primitive and the grey-green ecotype is evolutionary. In the grassland of northeast China, L. chinensis is the most primitive in the westernmost in Inner Mongolia plateau, while it is more evolutionary in the eastern Songnen plain. The two ecotypes both extend from west to east in the grassland of northeast China. This paper can provide important reference for further research on the origin and evolution of L. chinensis, the formation process of different types of L. chinensis grassland and their community assembly.

Key words: Leymus chinensis, Leymus Hochst., ecotype, phenotypic differentiation, genetic differentiation, evolutionary position

YANG YunFei,XIN XiaoPing,LI JianDong. A Discussion on the Diffusion Pathway of Leymus Chinensis in the Natural Grassland of China Based on Differentiation in the Phenotypes and Genotypes[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(13): 2541-2549.

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种源地 Collected region	年份 Year	单生型 Single	对生型 twin	多生型 multiple	合计 Total
松嫩平原南部（长岭种马场） Southern Songnen plain (Changling stud farm)	1982	18.50	29.25	52.25	100
	1983	53.75	42.50	8.75	100
	1984	58.95	33.98	7.08	100
	Mean±SD	43.73±22.01	35.24±6.71	22.69±25.61	100
松辽平原腹地（长春） Songliao plain interland (Changchun)	1982	9.75	24.75	65.50	100
	1983	58.89	35.18	5.93	100
	1984	50.25	36.00	13.75	100
	Mean±SD	39.03±27.26	31.98±6.27	28.39±32.27	100
科尔沁南部（伊胡塔） Southern Kerqin(Ihuta)	1982	8.75	41.75	49.50	100
科尔沁南部（伊胡塔） Southern Kerqin(Ihuta)	1983	27.00	26.00	47.00	100
	1984	8.50	17.25	74.25	100
	Mean±SD	14.75±10.61	28.3±12.41	56.92±15.06	100
科尔沁中部（高林屯种畜场） Central Kerqin (Gaolintun breeding farm)	1982	16.00	32.50	51.50	100
	1983	35.25	52.75	12.00	100
	1984	33.50	38.00	28.50	100
	Mean±SD	28.25±10.64	41.08±10.47	30.67±19.84	100
科尔沁西部（嘎达苏种畜场） Western Kerqin (Gaddasu breeding farm)	1982	16.50	24.50	59.00	100
	1983	74.00	22.75	3.25	100
	1984	58.50	26.00	15.50	100
	Mean±SD	49.67±29.75	24.42±1.63	25.92±29.30	100
呼伦贝尔（海拉尔） Hulunbeier(Hailar)	1982	18.75	18.75	62.50	100
	1983	96.25	2.25	1.50	100
	1984	82.25	16.50	1.25	100
	Mean±SD	65.75±41.30	12.50±8.95	21.75±35.29	100

A Discussion on the Diffusion Pathway of Leymus Chinensis in the Natural Grassland of China Based on Differentiation in the Phenotypes and Genotypes

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