高等级生物安全实验室在生物安全领域的作用 及其发展的思考

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.01.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Biosafety laboratory is a significant location for conducting biosafety related researches such as infectious disease prevention and control, biological invasion, and so on. At the same time, it also provides an important safety guarantee for the laboratory staff to avoid pathogen infection and prevent pathogen leakage. The biosafety laboratories are classified into four levels (including levels one, two, three, and four) of protection based on the differences of the pathogenicity, toxicity level, scope of source of infection, infectiousness, transportability, stability, and induced hypersensitivity of biomasses. The biosafety laboratories in levels three and four are also called high-level biosafety laboratories. The high-level biosafety laboratory can be used to conduct researches related to highly pathogenic and highly infectious pathogenic microorganisms, to develop rapid diagnosis and monitoring technologies, to study prevention and control techniques target to unexpected acute infectious disease, and to engage reserve researches for prevention and management of potential epidemic infection disease. Moreover, the high-level biosafety laboratory can be evolved in setting up courses for training specialized personnel. In addition, the mobile high-level (level three) biosafety laboratory can also be used for dealing with emergency biosafety threats. Furthermore, the high-level biosafety laboratory is playing a strategic role in America and Europe in combatting unexpected emergent public health events and military exploration, including “Big Health” plan, researches on Biological Dual-Use Technology, training on professional ability of emergency treatment to epidemic infectious disease. Nowadays, with the high risk of introduction of infectious diseases and complex international context, the high-level biosafety laboratory, as the infrastructure and important platform of scientific research, has been playing an important role in prevention and management of fulminating infectious diseases. However, the building, biosafety management, and equipment research and development of the high-level biosafety laboratory need to be further strengthened in China. In the present study, the building and operational conditions of the high-level biosafety laboratory in China were introduced. The roles of high-level biosafety laboratory in biosafety of national and international were discussed under the background of high incidence of new-and-outbreaks of infectious diseases. Furthermore, the problems discovered in current operation as well as the development strategies in the future were considered.

Key words: high level, biosafety laboratory, biosafety, strategic role, development tactics

Jing LIU,Chao LI,JinXiong LIU,Rui HE,YanRong SUN. The Role of High-Level Biosafety Laboratories in Biosafety and Consideration About Their Development[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(1): 74-80.

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