Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2012, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (14): 2948-2958.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.14.018

• ANIMAL SCIENCE·RESOURCE INSECT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Precise Calculation System of Total Mixed Ration for Lactating Cow

 XIONG  Ben-Hai, LUO  Qing-Yao, PANG  Zhi-Hong, YANG  Liang, YANG  Lu   

  1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所/动物营养学国家重点实验室，北京 100193
  • Received:2011-04-27 Online:2012-07-15 Published:2011-08-16

PDF

851

Cited

1

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study is to precisely predict nutrient requirements and optimize ration formula, and explore the inherent feature of ration optimization of dairy cow. 【Method】 Based on cornell net carbohydrate and protein system (CNCPS) with integrating dynamic prediction models on main nutrient requirements of dairy cattle recommended by NRC (2001) and the CNCPS parameter database accumulated by Chinese feed database, the diet nutrient requirement dynamic calculation and total mixed ration (TMR) formula optimizing system for Holstein dairy cattle was developed using FOXPRO database system and parametric linear programming.【Result】 By optimizing a specific cow ration and analyzing its completed nutrients, the results showed that this system could entirely consider a lot of nutrient balances such as concentrate fraction and forage fraction balance, rumen degradable protein and rumen undegradable protein balance, crude protein and lactation net energy balance, fibrous substances (ADF, NDF) and non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) balance, calcium and phosphate balance, electrolytes balance and trace element balance etc., and could also calculate intestinal amino acid flow in terms of different models. 【Conclusion】 By using dynamic mathematical equations and computerized programming technology, it can be realized for  the ration formula design of lactating cow with all-round interoperable but mutual-constraining each other among diet nutrients.

Key words: Holstein dairy cattle, total mixed diet, formula model, metabolizable protein, linear programming

[1]熊本海, 罗清尧, 庞之洪. 奶牛饲养标准和典型日粮配方. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1989.

Xiong B H, Luo Q Y, Pang Z H. Feeding Standard of Dairy Cattle and Typical Ration Formulations. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 1989. (in Chinese)

[2]熊本海, 钱  平, 罗清尧. 基于奶牛个体体况的精细饲养方案的设计与实现. 农业工程学报, 2005, 21(10): 118-123.

Xiong B H, Qian P, Luo Q Y. Design and realization of solution to precision feeding of dairy cattle based on single body status. Transactions of the Chinese Society Agricultural Engineering, 2005, 21(10): 118-123. (in Chinese)

[3]刘成果. 2010中国奶业年鉴. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2010.

Liu C G. 2010 China Dairy Yearbook. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2010. (in Chinese)

[4]National Research Council. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. Seventh Revised Edition. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2001.

[5]Chalupa B, Chase L. CPM-Dairy (version 3.0). http://cpm-dairy. softuare. informer.com/.

[6]Sniffen C J, O’Connor J D, van Soest P J, Fox D G, Russell J B. A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: II. Carbohydrate and protein availability. Journal of Animal Science, 1992, 70(11): 3562-3577.

[7]Lanzas G, Sniffin C J, Seo S, Tedeschi L O, Fox D G. A revised CNCPS feed carbohydrate fractionation scheme for formulating rations for ruminants. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2007, 136(3/4): 167-190.

[8]Fox D G, Tedeschi L O, Tylutki T P, Russell J B, M E, Chase L E, Pell A N, Overton T R. The cornell net carbohydrate and protein system model for evaluating herd nutrition and nutrient excretion. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2004, 112(1/4): 29-78.

[9]Tedeschi L O, Chalupa W, Janczewski E, Fox D G, Sniffen C, Munson R, Kononoff P J, Boston R. Evaluation and application of the CPM dairy nutrition model. Journal of Agricultural Science, 2008, 146: 171-182.

[10]中华人民共和国农业部. 奶牛饲养标准. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2005.

Ministry of Agriculture of People’s Republic of China. Feeding Standard of Dairy Cattle. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2005. (in Chinese)

[11]中国农业科学院畜牧研究所, 中国动物营养研究会. 中国饲料成分及营养价值表. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1985.

Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Animal Nutrition Association. Tables of Feed Composition and Nutritive Value in China. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 1985. (in Chinese)

[12]熊本海. 奶牛精细养殖综合技术平台. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社, 2005.

Xiong B H. General Technology Platform of Precise Feeding for Dairy Cattle. Beijing: Chinese Agriculture Technology Press, 2005. (in Chinese)

[13]熊本海, 庞之洪, 罗清尧. 中国饲料成分及营养价值表. 第21版. 中国饲料, 2010.

Xiong B H, Pang Z H, Luo Q Y. Tables of feed composition and nutritive values in China. 21rd ed. China Feed, 2010. (in Chinese)

[14]吴端钦, 张爱忠, 姜  宁, 熊本海. 用CNCPS评定反刍动物几种常用精饲料营养价值的研究. 中国牛业科学, 2009, 35(1): 9-12.

Wu D Q, Zhang A Z, Jiang N, Xiong B H. A study on evaluating a few common used concentrate ingredients nutritive values in term of CNCPS. China Cattle Science, 2009, 35(1): 9-12. (in Chinese)

[15]陶春卫, 张爱忠, 姜  宁. 用CNCPS评定反刍动物几种常用粗饲料营养价值的研究. 中国草食动物, 2009, 29(5): 14-16.

Tao C W, Zhang A Z, Jiang N. A study on evaluating a few common used forage ingredients nutritive values in term of CNCPS. China Herbivores, 2009, 29(5): 14-16. (in Chinese)

[16]Martin O, Sauvant D. Meta analysis of input/output kinetics in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 85(12), 3363-3381.

[17]俞玉森. 数学规划的原理和方法. 修订版. 武汉: 华中理工大学出版社, 1993.

Yu Y S. Principle and Methods of Mathematics Programming. Revised. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press, 1993. (in Chinese)

[18]冯仰廉. 奶牛小肠蛋白质体系的局限性与氨基酸平衡. 动物营养学报, 2006, 18(2): 63-68.

Feng Y L. The limitation of digestible protein in the small intestine of dairy cattle and its balance of amino acid. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2006, 18(2): 63-68. (in Chinese)

[19]Doepel L, Pacheco D, Kennelly J J, Hanigan M D, Lopez F, Lapierre H. Milk protein synthesis as a function of amino acid supply. Journal of Dairy Science, 2004, 87: 1279-1297.

[20]Robinson R H. Impacts of manipulating ration metabolizable lysine and methionine levels on the performance of lactating dairy cows: a systematic review of the literature. Livestock Science, 2010, 127: 115-126.
[1] FU LiXia,MA Tao,DIAO QiYu,CHENG ShuRu,SONG YaZhe,SUN ZhuoLin. Establishment of a Prediction Model of Metabolizable Protein of Concentrate for Mutton Sheep [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(3): 539-549.
[2] XIONG Ben-hai,MA Yi,LUO Qing-yao,PANG Zhi-hong,DENG Wen
. Study on Lactation Curve Models of Chinese Holstein for the Third Parity
 [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2011, 44(2): 402-408 .
[3] LUO Qing-yao,XIONG Ben-hai,MA Yi,PANG Zhi-hong1,DENG Wen
. Study on Lactation Curve Models of Chinese Holstein for the Second Parity

 [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(23): 4910-4916 .
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备09089781号-30
Copyright 2018 © Editorial office of Scientia Agricultura Sinica
Tel: 86-010-82106279    E-mail: zgnykx@mail.caas.net.cn
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd