不同类型作物对北京地区天蛾-寄主植物互作网络的重要性研究

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.18.009

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Hawkmoth larvae feed on the leaves of host plants, causing plant damage or even death, thereby posing a serious threat to regional agricultural and forestry development. This paper aims to reveal the potential importance of different types of economic crops to hawkmoth pests in Beijing area, identify the main hawkmoth pest species associated with each crop type, and propose prevention and control strategies.【Method】A hawkmoth-host plant interaction network in Beijing area was constructed. Network structure was analyzed using metrics such as connectance, nestedness, and modularity. The roles of individual nodes within the network’s modular structure were quantified using inter-module connectivity (c-value) and within-module degree (z-value). The impact of nodes on network robustness was assessed using secondary extinction curves. The Kruskal-Wallis test was employed to determine whether there were significant differences in the effects of different crop types on network robustness and modular structure. For hawkmoth species with high connectivity in the network, their dietary composition was analyzed, and prevention and control recommendations were proposed based on different crop types.【Result】The hawkmoth-host plant interaction network exhibited a connectance C=0.043, nestedness N=3.67, and modularity Q=0.668. The agricultural crop category contained two module hubs, the forestry crop category contained two module hubs, the medicinal crop category contained two module hubs and three connectors, the ornamental crop category contained two module hubs and two connectors, the native tree category contained three module hubs and one connector, the other crop category contained four module hubs and two connectors, and plants in the non-economic crop category were all peripheral nodes. There was no significant difference among crop categories in their impact on network robustness. However, the within-module degree of all economic crop categories was significantly higher than that of non-economic crops (agricultural crops: P=0.0015; forestry crops: P=0.0030; medicinal crops: P=0.0010; ornamental crops: P=0.0069; native trees: P=0.0006; other crops: P=0.0011).【Conclusion】The hawkmoth-host plant interaction network in Beijing area exhibits a sparse and dispersed interaction pattern. Different hawkmoth pests pose high potential risks to various economic crop types. For prevention and control efforts in Beijing area, species with high centrality in the network, such as Psilogramma increta and Agrius convolvuli, should be prioritized for control across all host plants. For all crop categories, in addition to the protection of key agricultural and forestry crops, other economic crops and native trees should also be included in the scope of protection. For individual crop types, specific control measures should target hawkmoth species that primarily feed on them. Furthermore, for hawkmoth species that have distribution records in Beijing area and potential host plants but currently have small population sizes, vigilance should be exercised regarding the risk of population outbreaks.

Key words: agricultural crop, forestry crop, Sphingidae insect, host plant, interaction network

LI HaoYuan, YANG CaiQing, CHEN Dan, XU ZhenBang, MEN YaHui, GAO Fei, ZHANG AiBing. The Importance of Different Crop Types to the Hawkmoth-Host Plant Interaction Network in Beijing Area[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(18): 4056-4075.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1

Table 1

Crop categories and network roles of host plants"

科名 Family name	属名 Genus name	农业作物 Agricultural crop	林业作物 Forestry crop	药用作物 Medicinal crop	观赏作物 Ornamental crop	乡土树木 Indigenous tree	其他作物 Other crop	非经济作物 Non-econo-mic crop	节点属性 Network role
菊科Asteraceae	莴苣属Lactuca	√		√					边缘节点Peripheral node
五加科Araliaceae	常春藤属Hedera			√	√				边缘节点Peripheral node
忍冬科Caprifoliaceae	忍冬属Lonicera			√	√	√	√		连接者节点Connector node
	败酱属Patrinia	√		√			√		边缘节点Peripheral node
	锦带花属Weigela					√
荚蒾科Viburnaceae	荚蒾属Viburnum				√	√
冬青科Aquifoliaceae	冬青属Ilex							√
唇形科 Lamiaceae	紫珠属Callicarpa							√
	大青属Clerodendrum	√			√		√		模块枢纽 Module hub
	鞘蕊花属Coleus				√				边缘节点Peripheral node
	紫苏属Perilla			√					边缘节点Peripheral node
	牡荆属Vitex			√	√	√			模块枢纽Module hub
泡桐科 Paulowniaceae	泡桐属Paulownia				√				边缘节点Peripheral node
紫葳科Bignoniaceae	梓属Catalpa							√
芝麻科Pedaliaceae	芝麻属Sesamum	√
马鞭草科Verbenaceae	假连翘属Duranta							√
车前科 Plantaginaceae	金鱼草属Antirrhinum						√
	柳穿鱼属Linaria			√
	车前属Plantago			√
木樨科 Oleaceae	流苏树属Chionanthus					√
	连翘属Forsythia				√
	梣属Fraxinus		√	√	√	√
	素馨属Jasminum				√
	女贞属Ligustrum							√
	木樨榄属Olea							√
	木樨属Osmanthus				√
	丁香属Syringa				√	√
茜草科 Rubiaceae	拉拉藤属Galium			√			√		连接者节点Connector node
	栀子属Gardenia							√	边缘节点Peripheral node
	野丁香属Leptodermis				√	√
	水线草属Oldenlandia							√
	鸡屎藤属Paederia						√
	茜草属Rubia						√
	白马骨属Serissa							√
茄科 Solanaceae	辣椒属Capsicum				√		√
	烟草属Nicotiana	√					√
	茄属Solanum	√		√			√
旋花科 Convolvulaceae	打碗花属Calystegia							√
	旋花属Convolvulus			√			√
	番薯属Ipomoea	√		√	√		√
	鱼黄草属Merremia							√
猕猴桃科Actinidiaceae	猕猴桃属Actinidia					√
凤仙花科Balsaminaceae	凤仙花属Impatiens			√	√
绣球花科Hydrangeaceae	绣球属Hydrangea					√	√
绣球花科Hydrangeaceae	山梅花属Philadelphus				√	√
马齿苋科Portulacaceae	马齿苋属Portulaca	√		√			√
石竹科Caryophyllaceae	繁缕属Stellaria						√
蓼科 Polygonaceae	萹蓄属Polygonum	√		√	√		√
蓼科 Polygonaceae	酸模属Rumex			√			√
豆科 Fabaceae	落花生属Arachis							√
	刀豆属Canavalia							√
	大豆属Glycine	√
	扁豆属Lablab	√		√
	胡枝子属Lespedeza	√		√	√	√	√
	菜豆属Phaseolus	√		√	√		√
	豌豆属Pisum	√
	葛属Pueraria			√	√
	刺槐属Robinia	√	√		√		√
	豇豆属Vigna	√					√
	紫藤属Wisteria				√
蔷薇科 Rosaceae	山楂属Crataegus		√	√		√
	枇杷属Eriobotrya		√
	棣棠属Kerria							√
	苹果属Malus		√	√	√	√
	石楠属Photinia							√
	李属Prunus		√	√	√	√
	梨属Pyrus		√	√		√
	蔷薇属Rosa	√		√	√	√	√
	绣线菊属Spiraea				√	√
桑科 Moraceae	构属Broussonetia	√	√
	榕属Ficus				√
	橙桑属Maclura					√
	桑属Morus	√	√			√
榆科 Ulmaceae	榆属Ulmus				√	√	√
榆科 Ulmaceae	榉属Zelkova							√
鼠李科 Rhamnaceae	鼠李属Rhamnus					√
鼠李科 Rhamnaceae	枣属Ziziphus		√	√	√	√	√
胡颓子科Elaeagnaceae	胡颓子属Elaeagnus		√	√			√
桦木科 Betulaceae	桦木属Betula					√
	鹅耳枥属Carpinus					√	√
	榛属Corylus		√
胡桃科 Juglandaceae	山核桃属Carya							√
	胡桃属Juglans	√	√	√		√	√		模块枢纽 Module hub
	枫杨属Pterocarya							√	边缘节点Peripheral node
壳斗科 Fagaceae	栗属Castanea					√
壳斗科 Fagaceae	栎属Quercus	√	√	√	√	√	√
杨柳科 Salicaceae	杨属Populus		√		√	√	√
杨柳科 Salicaceae	柳属Salix				√	√	√
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	铁苋菜属Acalypha				√
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	大戟属Euphorbia			√	√		√		连接者节点Connector node
酢浆草科Oxalidaceae	酢浆草属Oxalis				√		√		边缘节点Peripheral node
卫矛科Celastraceae	卫矛属Euonymus			√	√	√
锦葵科 Malvaceae	黄麻属Corchorus							√
	梧桐属Firmiana							√
	棉属Gossypium							√
	锦葵属Malva	√		√	√
	椴属Tilia		√		√	√
楝科Meliaceae	楝属Melia							√
无患子科Sapindaceae	槭属Acer	√	√	√		√
漆树科 Anacardiaceae	黄连木属Pistacia		√	√		√	√
漆树科 Anacardiaceae	盐麸木属Rhus			√	√	√
柳叶菜科 Onagraceae	柳兰属Chamerion	√
	露珠草属Circaea			√
	柳叶菜属Epilobium						√		连接者节点Connector node
	倒挂金钟属Fuchsia				√				边缘节点Peripheral node
	丁香蓼属Ludwigia			√
	月见草属Oenothera			√	√
千屈菜科Lythraceae	千屈菜属Lythrum							√
牻牛儿苗科Geraniaceae	老鹳草属Geranium	√		√			√
葡萄科 Vitaceae	蛇葡萄属Ampelopsis			√		√	√
	乌蔹莓属Causonis							√
	地锦属Parthenocissus			√	√	√
	葡萄属Vitis		√			√			模块枢纽 Module hub
虎耳草科Saxifragaceae	虎耳草属Saxifraga							√	边缘节点Peripheral node
悬铃木科Platanaceae	悬铃木属Platanus		√		√
小檗科Berberidaceae	小檗属Berberis				√	√
禾本科 Poaceae	白茅属Imperata						√
禾本科 Poaceae	玉蜀黍属Zea	√
薯蓣科Dioscoreaceae	薯蓣属Dioscorea	√		√			√
天南星科 Araceae	魔芋属Amorphophallus							√
	天南星属Arisaema			√			√
	五彩芋属Caladium							√
	芋属Colocasia							√
	半夏属Pinellia			√			√
	犁头尖属Typhonium							√
	马蹄莲属Zantedeschia							√
松科 Pinaceae	落叶松属Larix				√	√
	云杉属Picea		√		√	√
	松属Pinus		√	√	√	√	√

Table 1

Table 2

Degree and network roles of hawkmoths"

亚科名Subfamily name	种名Species name	度（连接数）Degree (number of links)	节点属性Network role
天蛾亚科Sphinginae	丁香天蛾Psilogramma increta	20	边缘节点 Peripheral node
长喙天蛾亚科Macroglossinae	芋双线天蛾Theretra oldenlandiae	19
天蛾亚科Sphinginae	白薯天蛾Agrius convolvuli	18
长喙天蛾亚科Macroglossinae	深色白眉天蛾Hyles gallii	17	连接者节点 Connector node
长喙天蛾亚科Macroglossinae	红天蛾Deilephila elpenor	16	连接者节点 Connector node
天蛾亚科Sphinginae	芝麻鬼脸天蛾Acherontia styx	15	边缘节点 Peripheral node
长喙天蛾亚科Macroglossinae	八字白眉天蛾Hyles livornica	12
	雀纹天蛾Theretra japonica	12
	蒙古白肩天蛾Rhagastis mongoliana	10
目天蛾亚科Smerinthinae	红六点天蛾Marumba gaschkewitschii	9
天蛾亚科Sphinginae	红节天蛾Sphinx ligustri	9
目天蛾亚科Smerinthinae	榆绿天蛾Callambulyx tatarinovii	8
长喙天蛾亚科Macroglossinae	白环红天蛾Deilephila askoldensis	8
目天蛾亚科Smerinthinae	钩翅天蛾Mimas christophi	7
	蓝目天蛾Smerinthus planus	7
	豆天蛾Clanis bilineata	6
	黄脉天蛾Laothoe amurensis	6
	栗六点天蛾Marumba sperchius	5
锯翅天蛾亚科Langiinae	锯翅天蛾Langia zenzeroides	5
长喙天蛾亚科Macroglossinae	缺角天蛾Acosmeryx castanea	5
	葡萄缺角天蛾Acosmeryx naga	5
	葡萄天蛾Ampelophaga rubiginosa	5
目天蛾亚科Smerinthinae	裂斑鹰翅天蛾Ambulyx ochracea	4
目天蛾亚科Smerinthinae	核桃鹰翅天蛾Ambulyx schauffelbergeri	4
天蛾亚科Sphinginae	绒星天蛾Dolbina tancrei	4
长喙天蛾亚科Macroglossinae	条背线天蛾Cechetra lineosa	4
长喙天蛾亚科Macroglossinae	黑长喙天蛾Macroglossum pyrrhosticta	4
目天蛾亚科Smerinthinae	日本鹰翅天蛾Ambulyx japonica	3
	构月天蛾Parum colligata	3
	盾天蛾Phyllosphingia dissimilis	3
	杨目天蛾Smerinthus caecus	3
天蛾亚科Sphinginae	晦暗松天蛾Hyloicus caligineus	3
天蛾亚科Sphinginae	绒天蛾Kentrochrysalis streckeri	3
长喙天蛾亚科Macroglossinae	纹背线天蛾Cechetra striata	3
	咖啡透翅天蛾Cephonodes hylas	3
	黑边天蛾Hemaris affinis	3
	黄胫黑边天蛾Hemaris ottonis	3
	后黄黑边天蛾Hemaris radians	3
	青背长喙天蛾Macroglossum bombylans	3
	小豆长喙天蛾Macroglossum stellatarum	3
	葡萄昼天蛾Sphecodina caudata	3
目天蛾亚科Smerinthinae	托比鹰翅天蛾Ambulyx tobii	2
	灰斑豆天蛾Clanis undulosa	2
	甘蔗天蛾Leucophlebia lineata	2
	黄边六点天蛾Marumba maackii	2
天蛾亚科Sphinginae	白须绒天蛾Kentrochrysalis sieversi	2
天蛾亚科Sphinginae	鼠天蛾Sphingulus mus	2
长喙天蛾亚科Macroglossinae	凸缘长喙天蛾Macroglossum nycteris	2
长喙天蛾亚科Macroglossinae	山锤天蛾Neogurelca montana	2
目天蛾亚科Smerinthinae	华南鹰翅天蛾Ambulyx kuangtungensis	1
	晋陕六点天蛾Marumba fenzelii	1
	小目天蛾Smerinthus minor	1
长喙天蛾亚科Macroglossinae	浅纹白眉天蛾Hyles exilis	1
	长喙天蛾Macroglossum corythus	1
	波斑长喙天蛾Macroglossum saga	1

Table 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Table 3

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寄主植物类别 Host plant category	类别内占比最高的天蛾 Hawkmoth species with the highest proportion within each plant category	类别内食谱最宽的天蛾 Hawkmoth species with the broadest diet breadth within each plant category
农业作物Agricultural crop	芝麻鬼脸天蛾Acherontia styx	芝麻鬼脸天蛾Acherontia styx
林业作物Forestry crop	红六点天蛾Marumba gaschkewitschii	红六点天蛾Marumba gaschkewitschii
药用作物Medicinal crop	雀纹天蛾Theretra japonica	深色白眉天蛾Hyles gallii；芋双线天蛾Theretra oldenlandiae
观赏作物Ornamental crop	红节天蛾Sphinx ligustri	丁香天蛾Psilogramma increta
乡土树木Indigenous tree	红节天蛾Sphinx ligustri	榆绿天蛾Callambulyx tatarinovii；红六点天蛾Marumba gaschkewitschii；钩翅天蛾Mimas christophi；蓝目天蛾Smerinthus planus；丁香天蛾Psilogramma increta；深色白眉天蛾Hyles gallii
其他作物Other crop	八字白眉天蛾Hyles livornica	深色白眉天蛾Hyles gallii
非经济作物Non-economic crop	芋双线天蛾Theretra oldenlandiae	白薯天蛾Agrius convolvuli；芋双线天蛾Theretra oldenlandiae

The Importance of Different Crop Types to the Hawkmoth-Host Plant Interaction Network in Beijing Area

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