野外种群杂交和室外种群锻炼对烟蚜茧蜂寄生及生长发育相关酶的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.07.008

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】Aphidius gifuensis is the dominant parasitic wasp of Myzus persicae, however there are some problems in the process of artificial or large-scale production and propagation of A. gifuensis, such as the body size becoming smaller and the parasitism decreasing. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of different regulation methods on the parasitism rate, body size and the content and activity of enzymes related to the growth and development of offspring A. gifuensis, so as to improve the population rejuvenation technology of the degraded A. gifuensis and ensure the scale and stability of artificial reproduction.【Method】Indoor selection of A. gifuensis, which showed significant population degradation after 10 generations, was conducted for wild population hybridization rejuvenation, indoor exercise rejuvenation, and outdoor exercise rejuvenation. The formation of stiff aphids was observed every 12 h. After the formation of stiff aphids (during the yellow brown period of stiff aphids), the number was counted and the parasitism rate of A. gifuensis was calculated. After the metamorphosis of the aphid, six representative female adults A. gifuensis that could reflect the overall characteristics of each treatment group were randomly selected and the metathoracic tibia length was measured under a stereomicroscope as an indicator of body size. The stiff aphids with different treatments were collected and placed separately. The standard curve was made by Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 method within 12 h after emergence, and the content and activity of growth and development related enzymes were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometer colorimetry.【Result】Wild population hybridization rejuvenation and outdoor exercise rejuvenation had good regulatory effects on the parasitic ability of A. gifuensis (P<0.05), but indoor exercise rejuvenation had no significant regulatory effect on the parasitic ability of A. gifuensis (P>0.05). The hybridization between wild female A. gifuensis with the indoor degraded male one (1﹕1) had the best rejuvenation effect on the parasitic ability. Compared with the control group, the parasitism rate and offspring body size were increased by 17.83% and 18.98%, respectively. The contents of carboxylesterase, phenoloxidase and trehalase in the offspring and the activity of phenoloxidase were significantly increased (P<0.05). After six generations of outdoor exercise, compared with the 0 generations, the parasitism rate and body size of offspring A. gifuensis were increased by 24.67% and 49.33%, respectively, and the contents of carboxylesterase, phenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and trehalase in the offspring were increased significantly (P<0.05), the activities of phenoloxidase and SOD were also significantly increased (P<0.05).【Conclusion】In production, the field hybridization rejuvenation and outdoor exercise rejuvenation of the degraded A. gifuensis population can improve the parasitic ability of A. gifuensis to M. persicae.

Key words: Aphidius gifuensis, Myzus persicae, parasitic ability, rejuvenation, enzyme, hybridization

HE JiaoPing, HAN Meng, ZHOU Ting, GU Gang, LAI YuFei, LAI RongQuan. Effects of Wild Populations for Hybridization and Outdoor Population Exercise on the Parasitic Ability of Aphidius gifuensis and Enzymes Related to the Growth and Development[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(7): 1344-1354.

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References 32

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试管编号Tube number	1	2	3	4	5	6
标准蛋白溶液Standard protein solution (mL)	0	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.8	1
蒸馏水Distilled water (mL)	1	0.8	0.6	0.4	0.2	0
蛋白质Protein (μg)	0	20	40	60	80	100
考马斯亮蓝G-250 Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 (mL)	1	1	1	1	1	1

杂交组合 Hybridization combination	羧酸酯酶含量 Carboxylesterase content (mg·mL^-1)	羧酸酯酶比活力 Carboxylesterase activity (μmol·min^-1·mg^-1)	酚氧化酶含量 Phenoloxidase content (mg·mL^-1)	酚氧化酶活性 Phenoloxidase activity (U·mg^-1·min^-1)	SOD含量 SOD content (mg·mL^-1)	SOD总活性 SOD activity (U/OD₅₆₀·mg^-1 ·min^-1)	海藻糖酶含量 Trehalase content (mg·mL^-1)
野外♂×退化♀ Wild♂×Degraded♀	0.0325±0.0023b	4.2955±0.5465a	0.0404±0.0013b	4.0373±0.5243b	0.0466±0.0016a	18.0506±0.9653a	0.0563±0.0012a
野外♀×退化♂ Wild♀×Degraded♂	0.0574±0.0018a	5.2192±0.5164a	0.0491±0.0035a	7.6476±0.7122a	0.0402±0.0010b	20.5679±0.7223a	0.0592±0.0013a
退化♂×退化♀ Degraded♂×Degraded♀ (CK)	0.0376±0.0007b	3.2830±0.7186a	0.0383±0.0005b	4.3511±0.0594b	0.0410±0.0003b	19.4896±0.6186a	0.0487±0.0015b

相对湿度 Relative humidity (%)	羧酸酯酶含量 Carboxylesterase content (mg·mL^-1)	羧酸酯酶比活力 Carboxylesterase activity (μmol·min^-1·mg^-1)	酚氧化酶含量 Phenoloxidase content (mg·mL^-1)	酚氧化酶活性 Phenoloxidase activity (U·mg^-1·min^-1)	SOD含量 SOD content (mg·mL^-1)	SOD总活性 SOD activity (U/OD₅₆₀·mg^-1·min^-1)	海藻糖酶含量Trehalase content (mg·mL^-1)
70	0.0392±0.0012a	4.0118±0.3777a	0.0459±0.0027a	6.8850±0.5656ab	0.0322±0.0006b	18.0486±1.9230a	0.0445±0.0009b
80	0.0333±0.0023a	3.9035±0.5015a	0.0411±0.0008a	9.3406±0.9024a	0.0338±0.0012b	17.3249±1.8976a	0.0475±0.0009b
75 (CK)	0.0375±0.0020a	3.2761±0.2206a	0.0457±0.0006a	5.8653±0.8013b	0.0445±0.0011a	16.4378±2.8113a	0.0553±0.0027a

世代 Generation	羧酸酯酶含量 Carboxylesterase content (mg·mL^-1)	羧酸酯酶比活力 Carboxylesterase activity (μmol·min^-1·mg^-1)	酚氧化酶含量 Phenoloxidase content (mg·mL^-1)	酚氧化酶活性 Phenoloxidase activity (U·mg^-1·min^-1)	SOD含量 SOD content (mg·mL^-1)	SOD总活性 SOD activity (U/OD₅₆₀·mg^-1 ·min^-1)	海藻糖酶含量 Trehalase content (mg·mL^-1)
F₀	0.0298±0.0006c	3.0567±0.0747a	0.0422±0.0001b	4.2662±0.0431b	0.0430±0.0011b	11.4453±0.3624b	0.0459±0.0016c
F₂	0.0455±0.0015b	2.5487±0.5838a	0.0478±0.0019b	6.7595±0.5758a	0.0454±0.0005b	12.2623±0.3408b	0.0609±0.0010b
F₄	0.0517±0.0044b	2.9912±0.5101a	0.0714±0.0024a	5.4453±0.6751ab	0.0520±0.0024a	12.0445±1.4120b	0.0628±0.0012ab
F₆	0.0648±0.0051a	2.7737±0.3384a	0.0735±0.0042a	6.7296±0.5737a	0.0539±0.0007a	17.4761±1.6458a	0.0664±0.0014a

Effects of Wild Populations for Hybridization and Outdoor Population Exercise on the Parasitic Ability of Aphidius gifuensis and Enzymes Related to the Growth and Development

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