甘薯病毒病发生关键因素研究

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.15.008

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aimed to clarify the relationship between sweet potato virus types in storage roots and virus incidence and severity on root sprouts, and the relationship between numbers and SPCSV-carrying rate of Bemisia tabaci and SPCSV-carrying rate of storage roots, establish the prediction method and early warning technology for viral disease in sweet potato seedlings, so as to provide the theoretical basis for virus-free storage root production, and prevention and control of virus disease in sweet potato.【Method】 PCR and RT-PCR were performed to detect eight major sweet potato viruses including sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV), sweet potato virus C (SPVC), sweet potato virus G (SPVG), sweet potato latent virus (SPLV) and sweet potato virus 2 (SPV2) in the genus of Potyvirus, sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) in the genus of Crinivirus, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in the genus of Cucumovirus, and sweepoviruses in the genus of Begomovirus in China in storage roots collected from different sources. The PCR-detected roots were planted in plastic pots and allowed to sprout under greenhouse conditions. The types and severity scores of viral symptoms on root sprouts were surveyed and recorded to analyze the relationship between virus species in roots and virus symptom severity on root sprouts. Virus-eliminated sweet potato cultivar Shangshu 19 (S19) plants with the same source were cultivated in the different locations in Henan, Ningxia and Shaanxi in 2018 and 2019. The number of B. tabaci in each test site was calculated by using yellow sticky traps, and was sampled for SPCSV detection during the growth period of sweet potato. The roots selected randomly from each test site were used for SPCSV detection after harvesting to analyze the relationship between numbers and SPCSV-carrying rate of B. tabaci and SPCSV-carrying rate of storage roots.【Result】 Of the 665 storage roots, 463 were infected with one or more of the eight viruses. After root sprouting, visual symptoms, such as leaf chlorosis, vein-clearing, rugosity and stunting were observed on the 333 root sprouts. Virus severity scores on root sprouts ranged from 0 to 1 (60.6% for score of 0 and 31.8% for score of 1) when roots were infected with potyvirus (es). Virus severity scores on root sprouts ranged from 0 to 1 (55.3% for score of 0 and 32.9% for score of 1) when roots were infected with sweepoviruses or co-infected with sweepoviruses and potyvirus (es). Root sprouts were observed with more severe symptoms when roots carried SPCSV, especially the combination of SPCSV and potyvirus (es), which caused visible symptoms on all sprouts with severity scores from 3 to 9 (49.0% for scores of 3 and 5, 51.0% for scores of 7 and 9). Results from two successive years field trial revealed that there was a positive correlation between SPCSV-carrying rate (X₁) and numbers (X₂) of B. tabaci and SPCSV-carrying rate (Y) of storage roots, and the equation of linear regression was Y=9.628X₁+0.008X₂+6.537, R²=0.914.【Conclusion】 Storage root carrying SPCSV is the key factor for serious occurrence of sweet potato viruses at seedling stage. Viral symptom appearance rate and severity scores increase significantly when roots are co-infected with SPCSV and potyvirus (es). There is a positive correlation between SPCSV-carrying rate and numbers of B. tabaci and SPCSV-carrying rate of storage roots, indicating that B. tabaci is the key factor influencing the SPCSV-carrying rate of storage root.

Key words: virus disease of sweet potato, storage root, Bemisia tabaci, sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV), forecast

ZHAO FuMei,WANG Shuang,TIAN YuTing,QIAO Qi,WANG YongJiang,ZHANG DeSheng,ZHANG ZhenChen. An Investigation into Key Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Virus Disease in Sweet Potato[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(15): 3232-3240.

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References 34

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目标病毒 Target virus	引物名称 Primer	引物序列 Primer sequence (5′- 3′)	片段大小 Expected size (nt)
Sweepoviruses	SweepoCP-F1	ACTTCGAGACAGCTATCGTGC	645
Sweepoviruses	SweepoCP-R1	ATAYACAGGATTRCTAGCATG	645
SPFMV	SPFMV-F1	TGGGGTTATGATGAACTTCTTC	400
SPFMV	SPFMV-R1	TTCTGGAATGRYTGCGGGTTG	400
SPCSV	SPCSV-F1	TGGGAAGAMGAGAYATGGAG	573
SPCSV	SPCSV-R1	GAGCGTTCCTTTTCATCATC	573
CMV	CMR3-N50	CGCAGGTGGTTAACGGT	697
CMV	CMR3-C30	CCA CACGGTAGAATCAAAT	697
SPVG	SPVG-F1	GCAGGAAAAACAGGAAACAC	792
SPVG	SPVG-R1	ATACCTCGGCATGTATGCCTT	792
SPLV	SPLV-F1	AATGCCAAGGCTACAAGGAGT	553
SPLV	SPLV-R1	CAAGTAGTGTGTGTATGTTCC	553
SPV2	SPV2-F1	TGAACCAGTGCATAGATTGG	770
SPV2	SPV2-R1	TTCACACCTTCATACCATGC	770
SPVC	SPVC-F1	GGACGAACAATGAAAGTTGG	600
SPVC	SPVC-R1	CACTTTCCTGTAATCTGCTG	600

种薯上病毒侵染类型 Virus infection status on storage roots	种薯块数（个） Number of storage roots	各级显症薯苗的比例 Ratio of root sprouts with different virus symptom severities (%)
种薯上病毒侵染类型 Virus infection status on storage roots	种薯块数（个） Number of storage roots	0	1	3-5	7-9
None	202	96.0	3.0	1.0	0
Potyvirus (es)	66	60.6	31.8	7.6	0
Sweepoviruses or sweepoviruses+potyvirus (es)	76	55.3	32.9	11.8	0
SPCSV	142	30.9	29.6	29.6	9.9
SPCSV+sweepoviruses	28	14.3	25.0	46.4	14.3
SPCSV+potyvirus (es)	149	0	0	49.0	51.0
SPCSV+CMV	1	0	0	-	0
CMV	1	0	0	-	0

试验地点 Test site	经纬度 Geographic location	9月28日平均烟粉虱数量（头/黄板） Mean number of B. tabaci	烟粉虱SPCSV带毒率 SPCSV-carrying rate of B. tabaci (%)	种薯SPCSV带毒率 SPCSV-carrying rate of storage roots (%)
原阳试验点 Yuanyang	N35°0′35″,E113°42′31″	276.2	3.0	30.4
延津试验点 Yanjin	N35°15′56″,E114°11′57″	376.8	4.0	47.7
银川试验点 Yinchuan	N38°25′55″,E106°02′28″	80.6	0	14.8

试验点 Test site	经纬度 Geographic location	平均烟粉虱数量（头/黄板） Mean number of B. tabaci			烟粉虱SPCSV带毒率 SPCSV-carrying rate of B. tabaci (%)			烟粉虱平均带毒率 Mean SPCSV- carrying rate of B. tabaci (%)	种薯SPCSV带毒率 SPCSV-carrying rate of storage roots (%)
试验点 Test site	经纬度 Geographic location	8月9日 August 9th	8月29日 August 29th	9月27日 September 27th	8月9日 August 9th	8月29日 August 29th	9月27日 September 27th	烟粉虱平均带毒率 Mean SPCSV- carrying rate of B. tabaci (%)	种薯SPCSV带毒率 SPCSV-carrying rate of storage roots (%)
原阳试验点1 Yuanyang 1	N35°0′35″,E113°42′31″	739.0	5461.2	2398.6	7	0	17	8.0	96.0
原阳试验点2 Yuanyang 2	N35°0′25″,E113°41′28″	380.6	2966.8	4772.2	3	0	5	2.7	74.0
延津试验点1 Yanjin 1	N35°16′27″,E114°12′41″	941.0	2850.0	2236.4	3	2	5	3.3	38.0
延津试验点2 Yanjin 2	N35°15′56″,E114°11′57″	384.0	3286.0	1229.8	2	4	12	6.0	92.0
温县试验点 Wenxian	N35°01′35″,E113°05′17″	1973.0	5098.4	2980.0	1	3	3	2.3	56.0
银川试验点 Yinchuan	N38°25′55″,E106°02′28″	0	537.2	0	0	0	0	0	10.0
榆林试验点 Yulin	N38°29′34″,E109°30′04″	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

An Investigation into Key Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Virus Disease in Sweet Potato

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批次 Batch number	年份 Year	种薯来源 Location	种薯块数（个） Number of storage roots	每种病毒检出数量 Number of virus detected
批次 Batch number	年份 Year	种薯来源 Location	种薯块数（个） Number of storage roots	Sweepoviurses	SPCSV	SPFMV	SPVG	SPLV	SPV2	SPVC	CMV
1	2017	河南原阳县 Yuanyang, Henan	15	3	5		1
2			24	3	12	9		1		1	1
3			44	40	38	27
4	2017	河南襄城县 Xiangcheng, Henan	92	12	85	18	8			6	1
5	2018	河南原阳县 Yuanyang, Henan	50	33	10	22	1			5
6	2018	河南原阳县 Yuanyang, Henan	56	30	17	32	9	6		12
7	2018	河南延津县 Yanjin, Henan	80	7	20	12				11
8			88	13	37	27	4			20	1
9			44	6	21	7	1	2	2	4	1
10	2018	河南襄城县 Xiangcheng, Henan	91	7	63	23		5	8	2
11	2018	宁夏银川市 Yinchuan, Ningxia	81		12	14			2	1
总计Total			665	154	320	191	24	14	12	62	4
比率Ratio (%)				23.2	48.1	28.7	3.6	2.1	1.8	9.3	0.6

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