大田不同播种间距单株小麦根长密度动态研究

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.08.003

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】In order to quantify the influence of seed-to-seed distance on wheat root development in soil layers under single seed precision sowing, an integrated technique combining root architecture digitizer and MATLAB simulation was developed to quantify wheat root length density (RLD) and relative root length density (NRLD), as well as related models in each soil layer in the field.【Method】Ningmai 13 was used as experiment marital and the seed was sown with single seed precision sowing method in no-till paddy soil. The experiment was carried out in 2020 and 2021, respectively. Five treatments (JT1.5, JT3, JT4.5, JT6.7, and JT9) with row spacing of 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.7 and 9.0 cm were introduced for field stand control. RLD was analyzed with combined technologies, i.e. root architecture digitizer and 3D root system architecture reconstruction with Pro-E, supplemented with MATLAB simulation, which facilitated fine segmentation and analysis of the rhizosphere dynamics under soil space voxel resolution of 3 mm³, and this further results quantified RLD distribution dynamics and the development of NRLD models along soil layers.【Result】The post-paddy wheat RLD decreased gradually along the soil layers under different treatments. As much as 95% of the root system was confined within the top soil layer in 0-9 cm, below which, root length decreased rapidly. The wheat root expansion area of a single plant first increased along the soil layers and then decreased. Root expansion started from the seed site as its central point, and revealed an obvious directional and constraining effects induced by the soil environment. With the increase of seed-to-seed distance, wheat RLD experienced first an increasing and then a decreasing trend, and the maximum value of which was found at JT4.5. The expansion area of wheat RLD increased with the increased seed-to-seed distance, and the maximum value of which was 22 972 mm². Either the too high or the too low density stand was found adversely impacts the efficiency of root configuration. Only the most suitable sowing density led to the best 3D distribution of wheat root system, which has been considered as the primary mechanism for efficient utilization of soil spatial resources. The NRLD distribution within 0-20 cm soil layers satisfied both cubic polynomial and exponential models well (R²>0.99, RMSE<0.1), but when considered the field state root system architecture, it was found that the exponential model was more realistic and fit the field wheat RLD the best along the soil layers.【Conclusion】An integrated technique combining root architecture digitizer and MATLAB simulation was developed to quantify wheat RLD and NRLD in the field, which satisfactorily illustrated the influence of seed-to-seed distance on RLD and NRLD along the soil layers. The results showed that the proposed method could be applicable for studies of wheat precision cultivation, precise water and fertilizer management, root configuration regulation and so on in the future.

Key words: post-paddy rice, seed-to-seed distance, root segmentation, root length density, model development

SUN QiBin, WANG JianNan, LI YiNian, HE RuiYin, DING QiShuo. Study on the Dynamics of Root Length Density in Soil Layers of Single Plant Wheat Under Controlled Seed-to-Seed Distance[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(8): 1456-1470.

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土层深度 Depth of soil layer (cm)	全钾 Total K content (g·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter (g·kg^-1)	碱解氮 Available N (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total N content (g·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P (g·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total P content (g·kg^-1)
0-10	11.561	26.203	0.112	1.378	0.610	0.165	14.011
10-20	11.567	19.274	0.872	1.119	0.563	0.120	3.595

Study on the Dynamics of Root Length Density in Soil Layers of Single Plant Wheat Under Controlled Seed-to-Seed Distance

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