大豆异黄酮对早期断奶仔猪生长性能、抗氧化功能及肠粘膜形态结构的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.10.016

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of soy isoflavone (SI) on growth performance and its antioxidation of early-weaned piglets. 【Method】One hundred and sixty weaned piglets (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) were divided by body weight and sex into five treatments with four replicates of eight piglets in each treatment. The piglets were fed either a control diet or the control diet supplemented with 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg·kg^-1 of soy isoflavone, respectively. Two piglets per pen were slaughtered on the first and sixth week. 【Result】The average daily feed intake of 40 mg·kg^-1 SI group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05) on day 8-42 after weaning and the whole experimental period. On day 8-42 after weaning, the feed to gain ratio of 40 mg·kg^-1 SI group was significantly lower than that of the control, 10 and 20 mg·kg^-1 SI groups (P<0.05). The MDA content of liver under the 40 and 80 mg·kg^-1 SI groups was significantly lower than that in the control and 10 mg·kg^-1 groups. The serum SOD activity of piglets under the 20 mg·kg^-1 SI group was significantly higher than that under the control group, 40 and 80 mg·kg^-1 SI groups (P<0.05). The GSH-px activity of liver tissue under the 10 mg·kg^-1 SI group was significantly higher than that under the control group and 80 mg·kg^-1 SI group (P<0.05). On day 42 after weaning, the SOD of activity serum under the 40 mg·kg^-1 SI group was significantly higher than that under the control group, 10 and 80 mg·kg^-1 SI groups (P<0.05). The GSH-px activity of liver under 20 mg·kg^-1 SI group was significantly higher than that under the control group and 80 mg·kg^-1 SI group (P<0.05). On day 42 after weaning, the SOD activity of jejunal under the 40 and 80 mg·kg^-1 groups was significantly higher than that under the control group (P<0.05).The GSH-px activity of jejunum under the 40 mg·kg^-1 SI group was significantly higher than that under the control group and 10 mg·kg^-1 SI group (P<0.05). Dietary SI had a significant effect on MT content in jejunum, and the MT content of jejunum under the 10 mg·kg^-1 SI group was significantly higher than that under the control group (P<0.05). On day 7 and 42 after weaning, the duodenal villi of piglets under the control group were arranged in tongue shape, and the top of the villi were dented and shed seriously. Compared with the control group, the damage degree of the duodenal villi in each treatment groups were reduced, the duodenal villi of piglets under the 40 mg·kg^-1 group were the most complete villi. The addition of SI had a significant effect on the CD4⁺ level of the blood, but had no significant effect on lymphocyte conversion, CD8⁺, CD4⁺/ CD8⁺ (P>0.05) on day 8-42 after weaning. The CD4⁺ level of the 10 and 20 mg·kg^-1 SI group was significantly lower than that under the control group and 80 mg·kg^-1 SI group (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Dietary SI could improve the growth performance, antioxidant levels of 21-day-old weaned piglets, and the optimal level of SI was 40 mg·kg^-1.

Key words: soy isoflavone, early-weaned piglets, antioxidation, intestinal villus morphology

LIN XiaJing,CHEN Fang,JIANG ShouQun,JIANG ZongYong. Effects of Soybean Isoflavones on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Performance and Intestinal Morphology of Early-Weaned Piglets[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(10): 2101-2111.

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References 34

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饲粮组成Ingredients	含量Content(%)	营养水平Nutrition level
玉米 Corn	68.48	消化能DE（MJ·kg^-1）	13.80
大豆浓缩蛋白soy protein concentrate	16.10	粗蛋白 CP (%)	20.00
乳清粉 Whey	6.00	钙 Ca (%)	0.80
白鱼粉 Fish meal	6.00	总磷 TP (%)	0.61
L-赖氨酸盐酸盐 L-Lysine hydrochloride	0.16	有效磷 AP (%)	0.40
磷酸氢钙 Calcium hydrophosphate	0.48	赖氨酸 Lys (%)	1.34
石粉 Limestone	0.98	蛋氨酸 Met (%)	0.40
食盐 Salt	0.25	苏氨酸Thr (%)	0.86
氯化胆碱 Choline chloride	0.15	色氨酸Trp (%)	0.23
预混料¹⁾ Vitamin-mineral premix	1.40
合计 Total	100.00

组别 Group	大豆异黄酮添加水平 Dietary soy isoflavone addition level (mg·kg^-1)
组别 Group	0	10	20	40	80
平均日增重ADG（g）
0-7d	157.91±19.93	158.13±23.53	160.00±20.55	146.37±19.63	144.29±24.07
8-42d	236.12±53.16	221.64±42.26	237.14±35.97	286.92±47.81	249.18±41.59
0-42d	221.71±44.28	205.29±37.61	206.27±38.65	263.83±41.35	228.53±39.03
平均日采食量ADFI（g）
0-7d	176.34±7.09	169.64±9.15	173.66±9.21	162.05±7.00	162.95±6.75
8-42d	366.57±11.92b	334.13±8.73b	332.97±12.43b	421.98±11.57a	396.32±22.08ab
0-42d	334.87±10.96b	306.72±8.14b	306.42±10.25b	378.66±10.15a	357.42±19.51ab
料重比 F/G
0-7d	1.18±0.07	1.11±0.07	1.08±0.07	1.12±0.04	1.15±0.05
8-42d	1.79±0.40a	1.53±0.17ab	1.47±0.13b	1.70±0.28ab	1.77±0.20a
0-42d	1.55±0.08	1.50±0.07	1.51±0.10	1.45±0.02	1.58±0.02

组别 Group	大豆异黄酮添加水平 Dietary soy isoflavone addition level (mg·kg^-1)
组别 Group	0	10	20	40	80
丙二醛含量 MDA content
血清 Serum (nmol·L^-1)	5.29±0.54	4.40±0.66	4.15±0.90	3.31±0.53	4.38±0.48
肝脏 Liver (nmol·mg^-1 protein)	30.34±4.53a	31.07±3.31a	25.16±5.69ab	22.16±3.06b	15.15±2.25b
超氧化物歧化酶活性 SOD activity
血清 Serum (U·L^-1)	56.58±3.17bc	64.87±6.28abc	70.37±3.27a	51.43±4.01bc	42.84±5.46c
肝脏 Liver (U·mg^-1 protein)	42.48±1.00	43.08±2.88	46.62±2.28	42.85±2.29	42.61±1.66
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性 GSH-Px activity
血清 Serum (U·L^-1)	248.80±7.03	249.70±6.76	258.40±5.15	265.41±7.18	251.62±10.39
肝脏 Liver (U·mg^-1 protein)	61.79±3.16b	71.59±3.09a	63.60±4.56ab	62.80±2.41ab	57.37±2.49b
金属硫含量 MT content
肝脏 Liver (nmol·g^-1 protein)	0.114±0.004	0.153±0.021	0.119±0.012	0.132±0.028	0.170±0.030

组别 Group	大豆异黄酮添加水平 Dietary soy isoflavone addition level (mg·kg^-1)
组别 Group	0	10	20	40	80
丙二醛含量 MDA content
血清 Serum (nmol·L^-1)	4.21±0.43	4.19±0.36	3.61±0.37	4.20±0.37	4.38±0.46
肝脏 Liver (nmol·mg^-1 protein)	5.90±1.38	6.28±0.51	3.60±0.77	5.35±1.14	5.50±1.10
超氧化物歧化酶活性 SOD activity
血清 Serum (U·L^-1)	71.08±2.92bc	75.53±7.34bc	80.92±1.78ab	88.05±1.75a	64.73±2.45c
肝脏 Liver (U·mg^-1 protein)	42.16±2.50	41.20±1.80	44.96±2.31	41.61±1.07	42.08±1.57
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性 GSH-Px activity
血清 Serum (U·L^-1)	234.50±9.99	232.71±8.79	236.29±5.85	249.57±8.67	242.22±7.70
肝脏 Liver (U·mg^-1 protein)	61.35±2.46b	65.11±3.40ab	73.46±2.76a	66.87±2.87ab	60.10±2.51b
金属硫含量 MT content
肝脏 Liver (nmol·g^-1 protein)	0.119±0.014	0.129±0.016	0.125±0.016	0.100±0.009	0.096±0.013

组别 Group	大豆异黄酮添加水平 Dietary soy isoflavone addition level (mg·kg^-1)
组别 Group	0	10	20	40	80
断奶后7 d Day 7 after weaning
丙二醛含量MDA content (nmol·mg^-1 protein)	0.21±0.02	0.25±0.04	0.25±0.03	0.18±0.02	0.21±0.03
超氧化物歧化酶活性SOD activity (U·mg^-1 protein)	38.22±3.11	51.51±5.23	53.41±6.37	40.83±4.25	39.97±3.54
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性GSH-Px activity (U·mg^-1 protein)	26.08±2.88	29.28±3.03	22.10±1.93	19.99±1.98	25.25±2.22
金属硫蛋白含量MT content (nmol·g^-1protein)	5.81±0.74	7.07±1.08	6.48±1.95	4.66±0.53	4.97±1.14
断奶后42 d Day 42 after weaning
丙二醛含量MDA content (nmol·mg^-1 protein)	0.27±0.06	0.18±0.04	0.17±0.02	0.20±0.02	0.21±0.03
超氧化物歧化酶活性SOD activity (U·mg^-1 protein)	39.04±4.49b	48.21±3.84ab	47.28±2.90ab	52.26±1.90a	50.37±3.40a
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性GSH-Px activity (U·mg^-1 protein)	21.07±2.67b	23.68±3.20b	26.62±2.21ab	36.19±2.99a	25.70±3.14ab
金属硫蛋白含量MT content (nmol·g^-1 protein)	8.79±0.95b	15.95±1.18a	13.30±1.53ab	12.22±1.78ab	11.05±1.76ab

Effects of Soybean Isoflavones on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Performance and Intestinal Morphology of Early-Weaned Piglets

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组别 Group	大豆异黄酮添加水平Dietary soy isoflavone addition level (mg·kg^-1)
组别 Group	0	10	20	40	80
断奶后7 d Day 7 after weaning
血液淋巴细胞转化率 Lymphocyte proliferation conversion efficiency (OD₄₉₂)	0.34±0.13	0.33±0.07	0.30±0.07	0.35±0.14	0.36±0.04
CD₄⁺(%)	34.25±8.85	35.40±6.19	30.75±5.97	31.17±6.05	30.14±4.71
CD₈⁺(%)	23.75±4.35	24.20±4.55	23.75±3.99	20.50±6.25	20.57±3.10
CD₄⁺/ CD₈⁺	1.44±0.33	1.47±0.19	1.30±0.19	1.47±0.29	1.49±0.26
断奶后42 d Day 42 after weaning
血液淋巴细胞转化率 Lymphocyte proliferation conversion efficiency	0.17±0.04	0.19±0.08	0.15±0.06	0.20±0.06	0.17±0.09
CD4⁺(%)	34.12±2.71a	27.33±2.50b	27.67±4.93b	32.17±4.40ab	33.00±5.34a
CD8⁺(%)	22.00±3.41	20.17±2.14	20.00±1.79	19.33±3.27	22.43±4.24
CD4⁺/ CD8⁺	1.58±0.22	1.36±0.12	1.38±0.21	1.68±0.15	1.51±0.34

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