Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (16): 2835-2844.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.16.009

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Determination and Application of a Critical Nitrogen Dilution Curve for Direct-Sowing Winter Oilseed Rape in Central China

LIU QiuXia,REN Tao,ZHANG YaWei,LIAO ShiPeng,LI XiaoKun,CONG RiHuan,LU JianWei()   

  1. Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070
  • Received:2019-02-25 Accepted:2019-03-21 Online:2019-08-16 Published:2019-08-21
  • Contact: JianWei LU E-mail:lunm@mail.hzau.edu.cn

Abstract:

【Objective】This study was conducted to determine the critical nitrogen (N) dilution curve for direct-sowing winter oilseed rape in Central China and its applicability, and the feasibility of N nutrition index (NNI) in evaluating N nutrition status of oilseed rape plant. 【Method】 Field experiments during 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 were conducted with different N application rates, including 0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg N·hm -2 during 2015-2016, and 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 kg N·hm -2 during 2016-2017. The shoot dry matter and N concentration from seedling to flowering were studied. The model of the critical N concentration dilution curve of the shoot dry matter of direct-sowing winter oilseed rape was established. The NNI was calculated by using the model and plant shoot N concentration. The effects of N application rates on NNI at various stages were determined. The relationship between oilseed rape yield and NNI was investigated to determine the appropriate NNI in each period.【Result】Results showed that the N application significantly increased shoot dry matter and N concentration, and the difference between different N treatments was remarkable. The relationship between the shoot critical N concentration and shoot dry matter could be described by a power equation (Ncnc=3.49DM -0.26). This model could distinguish between N-limited and non-N limited group data from two independent experiments. The simulated N concentration was linearly correlated with the shoot actual N concentration, with the RMSE and n-RMSE of 0.37% and 13%, respectively, showing better stability of the model. The NNI increased as the N application rate increased within the range of the application rates in the study, and the response of NNI to N application rate was similar to the yield. The N application increased the seed yield significantly. Although there were differences in the response of N fertilizers to seed yield at varying experimental sites, the relative yield was closely related with the NNI of each experimental site. The NNI with the relative yield of 1 at the over-wintering, stem elongation and flowering stage were 1.35, 1.26 and 1.03, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The critical N concentration dilution curve Ncnc=3.49DM -0.26 was established, and the NNI could be used to evaluate plant N status and diagnose the N status of direct-sowing winter oilseed rape in Central China.

Key words: direct-sowing winter oilseed rape, critical nitrogen dilution curve, nitrogen nutrition index, plant nitrogen diagnosis

Table 1

Characteristics of the ?eld experiments conducted in this study"

试验编号
No.
试验年份
Experimental year
试验地点
Experimental site
土壤基础理化性质
Basic physical and chemical properties of soil
取样时期
Sampling stage
1 2015-2016 沙洋
Shayang
pH 5.6 苗期 Seedling stage
有机质Soil organic matter:18.26 g·kg-1 越冬期 Over wintering
全氮 Total N:0.98 g·kg-1 薹期 Stem elongation
速效磷 Available P:14.7 mg·kg-1 花期 Flowering stage
速效钾Available K:57.8 mg·kg-1
有效硼Available B:0.31 mg·kg-1
2 2015-2016 肥东
Feidong
pH 6.2 苗期Seedling stage
有机质Soil organic matter:21.38 g·kg-1 越冬期Over wintering
全氮Total N:1.17 g·kg-1 花期Flowering stage
速效磷Available P:45.9 mg kg-1
速效钾Available K:145.0 mg·kg-1
有效硼Available B:0.26 mg·kg-1
3 2015-2016 武汉
Wuhan
pH 6.2 苗期Seedling stage
有机质Soil organic matter:11.91 g·kg-1 越冬期Over wintering
全氮Total N:0.84 g·kg-1 薹期Stem elongation
速效磷Available P:10.8 mg·kg-1 花期Flowering stage
速效钾Available K:134.0 mg·kg-1
有效硼Available B:0.24 mg·kg-1
4 2015-2016 襄阳
Xiangyang
pH 6.2 越冬期Over wintering
有机质Soil organic matter:16.81 g·kg-1 薹期Stem elongation
全氮Total N:1.04 g·kg-1 花期Flowering stage
速效磷Available P:39.6 mg·kg-1
速效钾Available K:147.6 mg·kg-1
有效硼Available B:0.45 mg·kg-1
5 2016-2017 武汉
Wuihan
pH 6.4 苗期Seedling stage
有机质Soil organic matter:16.53 g·kg-1 越冬期Over wintering
全氮Total N:1.26 g·kg-1 薹期Stem elongation
速效磷Available P:8.3 mg·kg-1 花期Flowering stage
速效钾Available K:173.7 mg·kg-1
有效硼Available B:0.49 mg·kg-1
6 2016-2017 沙洋
Shayang
pH 5.8 苗期Seedling stage
有机质Soil organic matter:15.77 g·kg-1 越冬期Over wintering
全氮Total N:1.01 g·kg-1 薹期Stem elongation
速效磷Available P:7.0 mg·kg-1 花期Flowering stage
速效钾Available K:106.6 mg·kg-1
有效硼Available B:0.68 mg·kg-1

Fig. 1

Nitrogen concentration dilution curve aboveground of direct-sowing winter oilseed rape"

Fig. 2

Validation of critical nitrogen dilution curve with an independent data"

Fig. 3

Effects of N application rate on nitrogen nutrition index (NNI) of direct-sowing winter oilseed rape"

Table 2

Effects of nitrogen application rate on seed yield of direct-sowing winter oilseed rape"

氮肥用量
N rate
(kg N·hm-2)
Experimental No.1 Experimental No.2 Experimental No.5 Experimental No.6
产量
Yield (t·hm-2)
相对产量
Relative yield
产量
Yield (t·hm-2)
相对产量
Relative yield
产量
Yield (t·hm-2)
相对产量
Relative yield
产量
Yield (t·hm-2)
相对产量
Relative yield
0 0.32 e 0.08 0.73 c 0.33 0.14 e 0.05 0.35 f 0.13
60 1.13 d 0.30 1.32 b 0.60 0.90 d 0.34 1.04 e 0.38
120 2.41 c 0.64 2.21 a 1.00 1.42 d 0.53 1.54 d 0.56
180 3.04 b 0.80 2.48 a 1.12 1.96 c 0.74 2.03 c 0.74
240 3.79 a 1.00 2.39 a 1.08 2.39 b 0.90 2.41 b 0.87
300 2.66 ab 1.00 2.75 a 1.00
360 2.87 a 1.08 2.96 a 1.08

Fig. 4

The relationship between seed yield and nitrogen nutrition index in the different growth stage of direct-sowing winter oilseed rape"

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