玉米根际土壤中镰孢菌的构成与定量分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.19.006

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this study is to understand the population structure and relative content of Fusarium spp. in maize rhizosphere soil in China, and to provide an early warning of the occurrence of soil-borne maize diseases.【Method】Using dilution plate method, a total of 58 Fusarium isolates were obtained from 47 maize soil samples of 17 provinces (autonomous region, municipality). Based on morphological characteristic, specific PCR amplification, and ITS and TEF-1α gene sequences analysis, these Fusarium spp. were further determined. The reference strain sequences were downloaded from GenBank and Fusarium MLST. Multi-gene loci phylogenetic tree was constructed by neighbor-joining method (NJ) using MEGA 6.0 software. Some representative strains were selected for pathogenicity test by maize seedlings, seeds and in vitro leaves infection. The content of Fusarium spp. and some species in maize rhizosphere soil samples was detected using RT-qPCR determination system. Statistical analysis was carried out for different maize producing areas.【Result】 A total of 9 Fusarium species were identified. Among them, F. verticillioides (22.41%), F. quisete (20.69%) and F. graminearum species complex (18.97%) were isolated more frequently. The rest of 6 species were F. oxysporum species complex, F. proliferatum, F. dimerum, F. acuminarum, F. solani and F. commune, with the isolation frequency of 12.07%, 8.62%, 5.17%, 5.17%, 3.40%, and 3.40%, respectively. The results showed that the same Fusarium spp. and the reference strain were in the same branch, and the diversity of Fusarium spp. existed in different regions. All Fusarium species were pathogenic except F. dimerum. F. commune was isolated from maize rhizosphere soil and confirmed to be pathogenic to maize seed, seedling, and detached leaf for the first time. The pathogenicity of different strains of the same Fusarium species was not the same. Using RT-qPCR detection system, the total of Fusarium, F. verticillioides and F. graminearum species complex in maize soil samples were quantitatively assayed, with the content range of 2.91-169.90, 0.08-5.34 and 0.76-78.37 pg·g^-1, respectively. The content of Fusarium species in different maize producing areas was different, and the content of F. graminearum was higher than that of F. verticillioides. 【Conclusion】There are multiple species of Fusarium in maize rhizosphere soil and F. verticillioides, F. equiseti, and F. graminearum species complex are dominant species. The content of Fusarium spp. differs in different areas. Among them, the content of Fusarium spp. is the highest in Southwest mountainous area of maize, and the F. graminearum content in the Huang-huai-hai summer sowing maize area is higher than that in other regions.

Key words: maize;rhizosphere soil, Fusarium spp., RT-qPCR

GE Bo, WANG BaoBao, GUO Cheng, SUN SuLi, CHEN GuoKang, WANG XiaoMing, ZHU ZhenDong, DUAN CanXing. Composition and quantitative analysis of Fusarium species in maize rhizosphere soil [J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(19): 3683-3693.

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