不同品种小麦下土壤微生物量和可溶性有机物对不同施氮量的响应

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.07.009

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 Liaochun10 and Liaochun18 are two of the predominant wheat varieties in Northeast China. However, the difference of the two wheat varieties in sustaining soil quality is still not well understood. It is worth to study the responses and transformation of soil microbial biomass C and N (SMBC, SMBN), soil soluble organic C and N (SSOC, SSON) to different application rates of N. 【Method】 A pot experiment was conducted with different wheat varieties and six treatments were designed, i.e., N0: 0 kg·hm^-2, N1: 45 kg·hm^-2, N2: 90 kg·hm^-2, N3: 135 kg·hm^-2, N4: 180 kg·hm^-2, and N5: 225 kg·hm^-2. The responses of soil microbial biomass C and N, soil soluble organic C and N to different application rates of N fertilizer were studied. 【Result】 Results from repeat measures ANOVA indicated that both sampling period and N rates had significant effects on SMBC, SMBN, SSOC and SSON contents (P＜0.01). The SMBC, SMBN, SSON were significantly affected by wheat varieties, but not the SSOC and SOC (P＞0.05). SMBC, SMBN, SSOC and SSON were higher in the N fertilized treatments than N0 treatment (P＜0.05), and were the highest in the N3 treatment and then decreased with the application rate of N, especially in the N5 treatment, the SSOC and SSON contents were lower than N0. The SMBC and SSON contents were significantly increased in N fertilizer treatments compared to SMBN and SSOC. In addition, while the responses of SMBC, SMBN, SSOC, and SSON to application rate of N were mostly quadratic or cubic equation. SMBC/SMBN was the lowest in the N3 treatment (the mean of two wheat varieties was 7.94 and 7.83, respectively) and the highest in the N5 treatment (the mean of two wheat varieties was 13.28 and 11.45, respectively). During the wheat growing period, the SMBC, SMBN, SSOC and SSON contents generally were the highest at flowering, followed by harvesting, jointing, tillering and seeding. In general, the impact of treatments (different application rates of N) on SMBC, SMBN, SSOC and SSON was more significant than seasonal fluctuation, and significant positive relationships were found between SSOC and SMBC and between SSON and SMBN (P＜0.01). There was no significant difference (P＞0.05) in aboveground biomass of wheat between Liaochun 10 and Liaochun 18 throughout most of the wheat growing season, but it was decreased slightly after a increase and tended to the peak in N3 treatment with the application rate of N; SOC and soil TN were the highest in N3 treatment and harvest period. 【Conclusion】 In this experiment, appropriate application rate of N fertilizer (N3, 135 kg·hm^-2) had a high ability to modulate the transformation of SMBC, SMBN, SSOC and SSON throughout the wheat growth period and sustainable soil productivity.

Key words: application rate of N, wheat variety, soil microbial biomass C and N, soil soluble organic C and N

YANG Xin-yi, LIU Xiao-hu, HAN Xiao-ri, DUAN Peng-peng, ZHU Yu-cui, QI Wen . Responses of Soil Microbial Biomass and Soluble Organic Matter to Different Application Rates of N：A Comparison Between Liaochun 10 and Liaochun 18[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(7): 1315-1324.

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