中国育成黄麻主要品种间的亲缘关系分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.20.003

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 We explored the genetic diversity and parentage among major Jute cultivars since the founding of new China in 1949. 【Method】The coefficient of parentage (COP) and cluster analysis were used to clarify the genetic variabilities and relationships among Jute cultivars in six varieties arising since 1949. Twenty Jute cultivars of Corchorus olitorius L. and 40 individuals of Corchorus capsularis L. were selected as test materials, based on where the extension area was largest and pedigree information for each clearest.【Result】A total of 190 cross combinations were made among 20 cultivars of C. olitorius, with 31.6% of the combinations sharing parental relationships, with an average of 0.0964. These crosses indicated that there were not close relationships among 2/3 of cultivars. A total of 780 cross combinations of C. capsularis were made among 40 cultivars with 50.3% of the combinations sharing parental relationships, but their average COP value was 0.1179. The crosses indicated that there were close relationships among more than half of the tested cultivars. Looking at all crosses, the genetic similarity relationships of C. capsularis cultivars were higher than that of C. olitorius cultivars. Clustering analysis based on coefficients of parentage examined the genetic relationships among the jute cultivars and the characteristics of the cultivars recent evolution since 1949. Cluster analysis suggested that the C. olitorius cultivars could be divided into five groups at a OUSHI distance of 0.95. Two imported cultivars were separated into 2 groups and the remaining 18 cultivars were classified into 3 groups based on several predominant parents, such as Cuilü, Guangfengchangguo, Bachang 4, Maliyeshengchangguo. C. capsularis could be divided into 6 groups at the OUSHI distance 0.90. Two regional cultivars were separated into 2 groups and the remaining 38 cultivars were classified into 4 additional groups based on several predominant parents, such as D154, Qiongshan, Yueyuan 1, Lubinyuanguo, and C46. The coancestry coefficient analyses showed that the corner stone parents for C. olitorius were Cuilü, Guangfengchangguo, Kuanyechangguo, Bachang 4. These had the highest breeding values for C. olitorius. The corner stone parents for C. capsularis were D154, Lubinyuanguo, Yueyuan 1, JRC-212 and C46 played a substantial role among the registered C. capsularis cultivars. 【Conclusion】The majority of jute core parents were earlier developed cultivars, so it is important to enhance the utilization of important jute varieties and introduce novel jute germplasm resources. Breeders’ reliance on backbone parents, such as Guangfengchangguo, Kuanyechangguo, Yueyuan 1, D154, JRC-212, facilitates the loss of plant genetic diversity and certainly increases genetic uniformity in new varieties.

Key words: jute, Corchorus olitorius L., Corchorus capsularis L., coefficient of parentage, coancestry coefficient, genetic diversity

ZHANG Jia-qiang, CHEN Chang-li, LUO Xia-hong, JIN Guan-rong. Analysis of the Coefficient of Parentage Among Major Jute Cultivars in China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(20): 4008-4020.

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