Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2015, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (17): 3394-3403.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.17.007

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Characterization of Wheat Cultivar Zhongmai 175 with High Yielding Potential, High Water and Fertilizer Use Efficiency, and Broad Adaptability

HE Zhong-hu1,2, CHEN Xin-min1, WANG De-sen1, ZHANG Yan1, XIAO Yong-gui1, LI Fa-ji1,ZHANG Yong1,  LI Si-min1, XIA Xian-chun1, ZHANG Yun-hong1, ZHUANG Qiao-sheng1   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081
    2CIMMYT China Office, Beijing 100081
  • Received:2015-02-12 Online:2015-09-01 Published:2015-09-01

Abstract: Documentation of leading cultivars will provide crucially important information for cultivar development. The objective of this study is to characterize high yield potential, water and fertilizer use efficiency, excellent quality and broad adaptation in wheat cultivar Zhongmai 175. High yield potential was largely due to the increased spike number and high harvest index, while short (around 80 cm) and erect plant type with small leaves contributed to its outstanding lodging resistance. Spike number could easily reach 750/m2, 20%-25% increase in comparison with check cultivar Jingdong 8, while harvest index was 0.49. Insensitivity of plant height and thousand kernel weight to water stress, due to slow leaf senescence and fast grain filling rate, made it high water use efficiency and better performance under rainfed condition. Water sensitive index for yield in Zhongmai 175 was 0.86, while that of Jingdong 8 was 1.13. Nutrient intake and use efficiency contributed to insensitivity of kernel number per spike and thousand kernel weight, and thus better performance under different fertilizer applications. Zhongmai 175 outyielded Jingdong 17 at six different nitrogen levels. It was characterized with soft kernel, weak dough strength and excellent extensibility, and bright flour color, thus conferred excellent dual qualities for Chinese noodles and steamed bread. High Zn content was due to its efficiency in Zn intake and transportation, thus excellent nutritional quality. Presence of Ppd-D1b, water and fertilizer use efficiency, tolerance to cold in winter and high temperature during grain filling stage, and resistance to yellow rust, provided basis for its broad adaptation in three wheat ecological zones. This study will provide very important information and experience for developing new cultivars with high yield potential and broad adaptability.

Key words: wheat cultivar, Zhongmai 175, high yield potential, water and fertilizer use efficiency, broad adaptation

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