四种苹果砧木幼苗对锌胁迫的耐性差异

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.18.013

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The response difference of four apple rootstock seedlings under variable zinc concentrations were investigated. The purpose of this work is to compare the tolerance of four apple cultivars to low and high zinc stress, which also has important significance in screening apple rootstocks well adapted to zinc stress. 【Method】The experiment was carried out with the seedlings of four apple rootstocks cultivars grown hydroponically under different zinc concentrations. The growth, dry weight, the morphology and architecture of root ,root activity, zinc accumulation and utilization efficiency of apple rootstock seedlings were measured and analysised.【Result】The changes in height, biomass of plant, morphology and architecture of root, root activity, zinc accumulation and utilization in plant were studied under zinc deficiency (0 μmol•L-1), low zinc (1 μmol•L-1), control (4 μmol•L-1), optimal zinc (10 μmol•L-1), and excess zinc (100 μmol•L-1) with hydroponics. Results showed that many obvious zinc-deficiency symptoms were observed in the three apple rootstock (Malus hupehensis Rehd., M. xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang., M. robusta Rehd.) seedlings receiving no Zn supply for 45 d, such as, the plant dwarfed, the new smaller leaves and the length of stem node decreased. The four apple rootstock seedlings all showed toxic symptoms receiving excess Zn, such as, the plant dwarfed, the new leaves etiolated and growth inhibited. The biomass, the height, total length, total surface of root, significantly decreased and the decreased degree was M. baccata Borkh. ＞M. hupehensis Rehd. ＞M. robusta Rehd. ＞M. xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang. under the low zinc, while M. xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang. performed more higher than that of other rootstock seedlings. And these physiological and morphological responses of root to excess zinc were exhibited: M. robusta Rehd＞M. xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang＞M. hupehensis Rehd.＞M. baccata. Borkh. Most zinc entered the seedlings were transported up to the part above the ground to meet demand for zinc under the low zinc condition. The toxicity of zinc to shoot was weakened though to retain most zinc in root under excess zinc condition.【Conclusion】The tolerance to deficient zinc of M. xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang was higher than that of others, M. baccata Borkh. was sensitive to Zn-deficiency. The tolerance to excess zinc of M. robusta Rehd. was higher than that of others. The root tolerance to excess zinc of M. baccata Borkh. was weaker than that of others.

Key words: apple rootstocks, zinc stress, root architecture, nutrient uptake

LIU Fei, WANG Jin-Hua, ZHANG Hong-Yi, FU Chun-Xia, WANG Yan-An. Differences in Tolerance of Four Apple Rootstock Seedlings to Zinc Stress[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(18): 3801-3811.

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