关键词: 谷子, 超早熟, 生育期可伸缩, 种质创新

Abstract:

【Objective】To solve the difficult problems of the complicated ecological conditions, a few adapted crops, low effectiveness and lack of high efficient crops with good adaptability in the wide high-cold region of China. 【Method】 Using Target Character Gene Bank Breeding method, the new millet germplasm “Super Prematurity No.3” was bred and its physiological mechanism, was studied and named as Jigu 28 by China Millet Variety Authentication Committee in 2007. 【Result】 Jigu 28 has some prominent characters as follows: (1) Super prematurity. It normally matures in Bashang region in Hebei Province, it needs effective accumulated temperature 1 600℃ in growth period, thus moved the planting boundary of spring and summer millet northward. (2) Flexible growth period. It normally matures in Bashang region where the altitude above 1 400 meters in Hebei province, especially the northmost region of Bashang where above 1 600 meters. (3) High quality. It was appraised as the 1st grade high quality millet in the Seventh China High Quality Edible Millet Appraisal Meeting. (4) Grain and grass high-yield. The average grain yield is 4 286.25 kg?hm-2，the average millet grass yield is 4 718.61 kg?hm-2 in high-cold region experiment. (5) Better general characters. The physiological mechanism of Jigu 28 is that a few of leaf, early spike differentiation and comparatively centralization of the growth center after elongation stage. 【Conclusion】 It is of great significance in promoting the development of super early maturation millet breeding and millet industry in high-cold region, agriculture harmony with animal husbandry, the adjustment of the structure of crop production, structural adjustment of plantation. The great significance result from the breeding and extending of Jigu 28 in high-cold region.

Key words: millet, super prematurity, flexible growth period, germplasm innovation