氟唑菌酰羟胺对油菜的生理调控作用及其与咪鲜胺的复配效应

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.09.006

中国农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (9): 1903-1915.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.09.006

氟唑菌酰羟胺对油菜的生理调控作用及其与咪鲜胺的复配效应

祝培¹(), 赵耀², 白岩³, 张金盔⁴, 李莓⁵, 龙金佳¹, 杨龙¹, 罗丽娅¹, 许本波¹, 徐劲松¹(), 张学昆¹()

¹ 长江大学农学院/农业农村部长江中游作物绿色高效生产重点实验室（部省共建）/涝渍灾害与湿地农业湖北省重点实验室，湖北荆州 434025
² 襄阳市农业技术推广中心，湖北襄阳 441000
³ 全国农业技术推广服务中心，北京 100125
⁴ 先正达（上海）作物保护科技有限公司，上海 200126
⁵ 湖南省农业科学院作物研究所/岳麓山实验室，长沙 410128

收稿日期:2026-01-16 接受日期:2026-03-07 出版日期:2026-05-01 发布日期:2026-05-06
通信作者:
徐劲松，Email：xujinsong@yangtzeu.edu.cn。
张学昆，Email：zhang.xk@139.com
联系方式: 祝培，Email：1833751248@qq.com。
基金资助:
湖北省支持种业高质量发展资金(HB2Y2023B00303); 湖北省支持种业高质量发展资金(HBZY2023B001)

Physiological Regulation of Pydiflumetofen on Rapeseed (Brassica napus) and Its Combined Effect with Prochloraz

ZHU Pei¹(), ZHAO Yao², BAI Yan³, ZHANG JinKui⁴, LI Mei⁵, LONG JinJia¹, YANG Long¹, LUO LiYa¹, XU BenBo¹, XU JinSong¹(), ZHANG XueKun¹()

¹ College of Agronomy, Yangtze University/Key Laboratory of Green and Efficient Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Co-Constructed by Ministry and Province)/Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei
² Xiangyang Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Xiangyang 441000, Hubei
³ National Agro-Tech Extension Service Center, Beijing 100125
⁴ Syngenta (Shanghai) Crop Protection Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200126
⁵ Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128

Received:2026-01-16 Accepted:2026-03-07 Published:2026-05-01 Online:2026-05-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】长江流域稻-油轮作区渍害与菌核病复合胁迫制约油菜生产。本研究旨在阐明新型琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂（succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor，SDHI）氟唑菌酰羟胺高效防控菌核病的同时，协同促进油菜生长、增强抗逆性并提升产量、品质的生理机制。【方法】2023—2025年，以甘蓝型油菜品种‘长双1号’为材料，在湖北荆州稻-油轮作区开展田间试验，结合室内发芽期胁迫模拟，测定幼苗期（正常、渍害、干旱胁迫下）生长与生理指标、盛花期叶片内源激素含量，以及成熟期菌核病抗性、产量和籽粒品质，系统评估氟唑菌酰羟胺、咪鲜胺、戊唑醇、啶酰菌胺及氟唑菌酰羟胺与咪鲜胺复配处理对油菜的生理生态效应。【结果】（1）苗期正常生长条件下，氟唑菌酰羟胺处理显著促进幼苗生长，其根长、侧根数、苗高和鲜重分别较对照增加65.8%、84.2%、39.0%和20.0%；叶绿素a、叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素含量分别较对照提高19.3%、28.1%和28.9%，增幅均高于其他杀菌剂处理。（2）在胁迫条件下，氟唑菌酰羟胺预处理显著提高幼苗抗逆性。渍害胁迫下其相对根长较对照显著增加48.3%，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）与过氧化物酶（POD）活性较对照分别提高26.2%和26.3%；PEG模拟干旱胁迫下，其相对苗高、相对鲜重及活力指数较对照分别显著提高40.3%、36.0%和113.8%。（3）盛花期喷施氟唑菌酰羟胺能优化内源激素平衡，生长素（IAA）和赤霉素（GA₃）含量分别较对照显著增加27.5%和45.5%，脱落酸（ABA）含量与对照无显著差异。（4）成熟期氟唑菌酰羟胺处理具有防病与增产的协同效应。两年度田间试验表明，该处理使菌核病病情指数较对照降低58.3%—59.9%，单株角果数、每角粒数及产量分别较对照显著提高13.9%—14.1%、7.0%—7.3%和34.4%—34.9%，籽粒含油量较对照平均提高5.1%，其综合效应优于供试的咪鲜胺、戊唑醇等传统杀菌剂。氟唑菌酰羟胺与咪鲜胺复配后表现出拮抗作用，产量较氟唑菌酰羟胺处理下降16.1%—16.9%。【结论】氟唑菌酰羟胺通过优化发芽期根系构型、激活抗氧化系统、调节盛花期的激素平衡，协同促进油菜生长、增强抗逆性、防控菌核病并提升籽粒品质，综合效应优于啶酰菌胺、咪鲜胺、戊唑醇等传统杀菌剂。

关键词: 甘蓝型油菜, 菌核病, 氟唑菌酰羟胺, 生长发育, 激素平衡, 产量、品质, 抗逆性

Abstract:

【Objective】Waterlogging and Sclerotinia stem rot are major constraints on rapeseed yield and quality in the rice-rapeseed rotation system of the Yangtze River Basin. This study aims to elucidate the physiological mechanisms by which pydiflumetofen, a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI), synergistically controls Sclerotinia stem rot and promotes growth, stress tolerance, yield, and quality in rapeseed (Brassica napus).【Method】Field and laboratory experiments were conducted from 2023 to 2025 in Jingzhou, Hubei Province, using the B. napus cultivar ‘Changshuang 1’. This study investigated the effects of pydiflumetofen, prochloraz, tebuconazole, boscalid, and their mixture (pydiflumetofen + prochloraz) on seedling growth and physiological indices under normal growth, waterlogging and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-simulated drought conditions; endogenous hormone contents and balance at the full flowering stage; and Sclerotinia stem rot resistance, yield components and grain quality at the maturity stage.【Result】(1) Under normal growth conditions, pydiflumetofen significantly promoted seedling growth, with root length, lateral root number, seedling height, and fresh weight increasing by 65.8%, 84.2%, 39.0%, and 20.0%, respectively, compared with the control. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid contents increased by 19.3%, 28.1%, and 28.9%, respectively. The promoting effects were significantly greater than those of other fungicide treatments. (2) Under stress, pydiflumetofen pre-treatment significantly enhanced seedling tolerance. Under waterlogging, relative root length significantly increased by 48.3% compared with the control, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were increased by 26.2% and 26.3%, respectively. Under PEG-simulated drought, relative seedling height, relative fresh weight, and vigor index significantly increased by 40.3%, 36.0%, and 113.8%, respectively, compared with the control. (3) At the full flowering stage, foliar application of pydiflumetofen significantly optimized endogenous hormone balance, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA₃) contents increased by 27.5% and 45.5%, respectively, while abscisic acid (ABA) content showed no significant difference compared with the control. (4) At the maturity stage, pydiflumetofen treatment achieved synergistic disease control and yield increase. The disease index of Sclerotinia stem rot was decreased by 58.3%-59.9%, while silique number per plant, seeds per silique, yield, and seed oil content were increased by 13.9%-14.1%, 7.0%-7.3%, 34.4%-34.9%, and 5.1%, respectively, outperforming other fungicide treatments. The mixture of pydiflumetofen and prochloraz exhibited antagonism, reducing yield by 16.1%-16.9%, compared with pydiflumetofen alone.【Conclusion】Pydiflumetofen synergistically improves rapeseed growth, stress tolerance, disease resistance and grain quality by optimizing root architecture, activating the antioxidant system and regulating the endogenous hormone balance. Its integrated benefits are superior to those of conventional fungicides such as prochloraz, tebuconazole and boscalid.

Key words: Brassica napus, Sclerotinia stem rot, pydiflumetofen, growth and development, hormone balance, yield and quality, stress tolerance

祝培, 赵耀, 白岩, 张金盔, 李莓, 龙金佳, 杨龙, 罗丽娅, 许本波, 徐劲松, 张学昆. 氟唑菌酰羟胺对油菜的生理调控作用及其与咪鲜胺的复配效应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2026, 59(9): 1903-1915.

ZHU Pei, ZHAO Yao, BAI Yan, ZHANG JinKui, LI Mei, LONG JinJia, YANG Long, LUO LiYa, XU BenBo, XU JinSong, ZHANG XueKun. Physiological Regulation of Pydiflumetofen on Rapeseed (Brassica napus) and Its Combined Effect with Prochloraz[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(9): 1903-1915.

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处理Treatment	药剂Fungicide	处理浓度Treatment concentration (mg·L^-1)
CK	清水Water	0 (蒸馏水Distilled water)
T1	45%咪鲜胺水乳剂Prochloraz 45% EW	425
T2	430 g·L^-1戊唑醇悬浮剂Tebuconazole 430 g·L^-1 SC	215
T3	50%啶酰菌胺水分散粒剂Boscalid 50% WDG	333
T4	200 g·L^-1氟唑菌酰羟胺悬浮剂Pydiflumetofen 200 g·L^-1 SC	280
T5	200 g·L^-1氟唑菌酰羟胺+45%咪鲜胺Pydiflumetofen 200 g·L^-1 SC+ Prochloraz 45% EW	280+425

处理Treatment	生长素 IAA	赤霉素3 GA₃	赤霉素4 GA₄	脱落酸 ABA	异戊烯基腺嘌呤 IP	异戊烯基腺苷 IPA	反式玉米素核苷 tZR
CK	9.46±0.385c	0.66±0.023d	0.38±0.051a	49.96±0.704c	0.05±0.003a	0.26±0.017a	0.55±0.195a
T1	11.26±0.421ab	0.71±0.095d	0.37±0.029a	54.37±2.688b	0.02±0.002d	0.25±0.015a	0.53±0.036a
T2	10.34±0.720bc	0.86±0.034c	0.32±0.038a	59.05±0.903a	0.02±0.001cd	0.19±0.022bc	0.44±0.046c
T3	9.31±0.484c	1.11±0.029a	0.33±0.029a	54.11±3.633b	0.03±0.003c	0.22±0.051ab	0.53±0.045a
T4	12.06±0.764a	0.96±0.021b	0.34±0.021a	47.44±0.979c	0.03±0.008bc	0.12±0.021d	0.51±0.004ab
T5	11.39±1.003ab	0.67±0.054d	0.26±0.019b	33.75±1.093d	0.04±0.002b	0.17±0.019c	0.46±0.028bc

处理Treatment	单株角果数 Number of siliques per plant	每角粒数 Number of grains per silique	千粒重 1000-seed weight (g)	单株产量 Single plant yield (g)	发病率 Disease incidence (%)	病情指数 Disease index	产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)
CK	162.15±3.82c	21.52±0.21b	4.01±0.10a	14.22±0.11c	38.55±1.52a	40.88±1.61a	2312.45±41.23c
T1	165.88±1.29bc	21.45±1.39b	3.96±0.08a	14.41±1.21c	32.88±1.69a	35.91±2.52ab	2428.66±235.11c
T2	161.02±2.05c	22.35±0.78ab	3.88±0.19a	14.18±0.79d	36.92±0.98a	37.12±4.45a	2321.55±141.32c
T3	186.33±4.78a	21.22±1.12b	3.89±0.04a	15.65±1.08b	19.89±3.41b	20.66±2.78c	2835.78±219.33b
T4	185.11±3.05a	23.02±0.17a	3.94±0.20a	17.01±1.02a	16.98±1.47b	17.05±1.86c	3108.22±192.15a
T5	170.22±3.08b	21.55±1.52b	3.87±0.15a	14.38±0.56c	18.33±3.18b	19.32±1.47c	2601.55±116.78c

处理Treatment	单株角果数 Number of siliques per plant	每角粒数 Number of grains per silique	千粒重 1000-seed weight (g)	单株产量 Single plant yield (g)	发病率 Disease incidence (%)	病情指数 Disease index	产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)
CK	166.27±4.15c	22.08±0.26ab	4.05±0.13a	14.66±0.13b	37.21±1.65a	39.24±1.70a	2381.37±44.89c
T1	170.58±1.42bc	22.00±1.54ab	4.00±0.10a	14.85±1.35b	31.20±1.82b	34.55±2.65b	2497.30±239.57c
T2	164.76±2.18c	23.00±0.85ab	3.92±0.23a	14.64±0.87d	35.46±1.05a	35.78±4.58ab	2390.47±145.58c
T3	191.23±5.08a	21.70±1.25b	3.93±0.06a	16.19±1.16ab	18.45±3.56c	19.24±2.89c	2930.28±223.71ab
T4	189.33±3.28a	23.70±0.20a	3.98±0.24a	17.63±1.09a	15.68±1.60c	15.75±1.95c	3216.86±196.81a
T5	174.60±3.22b	22.11±1.69ab	3.91±1.18a	14.86±0.62b	16.95±3.33c	17.99±1.56c	2692.45±121.14bc

激素 Hormone	单株角果数 Number of siliques per plant	每角粒数 Number of seeds per silique	千粒重 1000-seed weight	单株产量 Single plant yield	产量 Yield
IAA	0.942**	0.935**	-0.113	0.887*	0.922*
GA₃	0.947**	0.945**	-0.276	0.900*	0.948**
GA₄	-0.578	-0.635	-0.390	-0.552	-0.552
ABA	-0.960**	-0.945**	-0.235	-0.969**	-0.961**
IP	-0.777	-0.795	0.244	-0.695	-0.752
IPA	-0.955**	-0.945**	0.280	-0.874*	-0.930*
tZR	-0.753	-0.744	0.477	-0.752	-0.798

氟唑菌酰羟胺对油菜的生理调控作用及其与咪鲜胺的复配效应

Physiological Regulation of Pydiflumetofen on Rapeseed (Brassica napus) and Its Combined Effect with Prochloraz

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处理 Treatment	含油量 Oil content (%)	蛋白质 Protein (%)	硫苷 Glucosinolate (μmol·L^-1)	油酸 Oleic acid (%)	亚麻酸 Linolenic acid (%)
CK	47.12±1.23b	25.75±1.66ab	19.38±1.57a	60.33±0.99a	8.31±0.29a
T1	44.73±0.67c	24.78±1.77b	18.73±2.52ab	60.09±2.31a	7.24±1.36a
T2	49.39±0.97a	24.21±1.41b	17.23±1.65b	61.01±3.52a	8.04±0.78a
T3	46.82±0.66b	25.73±1.69ab	18.95±0.72ab	60.88±1.73a	7.35±0.73a
T4	49.51±0.33a	25.11±1.61b	20.06±1.92a	62.38±1.87a	7.45±0.45a
T5	46.75±0.44b	26.79±1.01a	18.35±1.16ab	61.63±1.88a	7.48±0.77a

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