中国农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (22): 4589-4602.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.22.003

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

马铃薯幼苗应答高温胁迫的miRNA筛选与鉴定

丁宁1(), 齐恩芳1(), 贾小霞1, 黄伟1, 马丽荣1, 李建武1, 燕汝楠2   

  1. 1 甘肃省农业科学院马铃薯研究所/甘肃省马铃薯种质资源创新工程实验室/国家种质资源渭源观测试验站,甘肃渭源 748201
    2 甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-26 接受日期:2025-07-23 出版日期:2025-11-16 发布日期:2025-11-21
  • 通信作者:
    齐恩芳,E-mail:
  • 联系方式: 丁宁,E-mail:dingning@gsagr.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32260480); 兰州市科技计划(2024-8-38); 甘肃省现代寒旱特色农业油料产业技术体系建设专项资金(GSARS-05薯产业技术体系); 2025年甘肃省种业攻关项目(ZYGG-2025-4)

Screening and Identification of miRNAs in Potato Seedlings in Response to High Temperature Stress

DING Ning1(), QI EnFang1(), JIA XiaoXia1, HUANG Wei1, MA LiRong1, LI JianWu1, YAN RuNan2   

  1. 1 Potato Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Gansu Engineering Laboratory of Potato Germplasm Resources Innovation/National Germplasm Resources Agricultural Experimental Station, Weiyuan 748201, Gansu
    2 Agronomy College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2025-05-26 Accepted:2025-07-23 Published:2025-11-16 Online:2025-11-21

摘要:

【目的】马铃薯营养丰富,种植广泛,是一种重要的粮蔬兼用作物。为揭示马铃薯在苗期遭遇高温环境后对其生长发育的影响,筛选鉴定对高温胁迫特异应答的微小RNAs(miRNAs)及潜在的靶基因,为马铃薯耐热机制研究提供理论依据。【方法】以甘肃省农业科学院马铃薯研究所自主选育的1月龄陇薯7号组培苗为测试材料,在植物培养箱中分别设置正常温度(17 ℃)和高温(28 ℃)条件处理10 d后取样,进行小RNA测序(sRNA-seq)和转录组(RNA-seq)测序,在获得高质量测序数据的基础上,利用生物信息学方法分析筛选具有负调控关系的候选miRNA-靶基因对。用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)和双荧光素酶试验(DLR)验证部分特异响应高温胁迫的miRNA-靶基因对。【结果】马铃薯幼苗在高温胁迫下,21和24 nt的miRNAs丰度均明显上升,并且所有miRNAs的表达量总体方差PC1为27.0%,而PC1与PC2占总体方差的39.4%。经miRNAs差异表达分析,共有100个miRNAs差异表达,其中62个上调表达,38个下调表达。在上调表达的miRNAs中,差异表达倍数介于1.02—6.94;下调表达的miRNAs中,差异表达倍数介于1.01—7.11。转录组分析表明,马铃薯幼苗在高温处理后,有579个差异表达基因上调,958个差异基因下调,这些基因主要参与响应生物胁迫、外部压力刺激和其他细胞组成及发育过程。同时,整合sRNA-seq和RNA-seq结果,从上调的miRNAs中得到13对候选miRNA-靶基因对,而从下调的miRNAs中得到5对候选miRNA-靶基因对。选择3对差异表达明显的调控关系(miRNA8051-Soltu.DM.10G026540、miRNA8051-Soltu.DM.10G026560和miR5072-Soltu. DM.04G010170)进行RT-qPCR验证,发现miRNAs与其潜在的靶基因呈相反表达趋势,这与生物信息学分析结果一致。同时,DLR试验证实miRNA8051对Soltu.DM.10G026540/Soltu.DM.10G026560均存在负调控作用。【结论】在高温胁迫下,马铃薯幼苗会以转录后调控的方式调控靶基因表达,从而对环境产生一定的适应性。这些候选基因可能参与转录因子、蜡质合成和甲基化表观调控等生物学过程。

关键词: 马铃薯, 高温胁迫, 小RNAs, 基因表达, 调控机制

Abstract:

【Objective】The potato is a nutrient-rich and widespread non-grain crop that can be eaten as a staple food or vegetable. To reveal the influence of high temperature stress on the growth and development of potato seedlings, this study screened and identified small RNAs (miRNAs) and potential target genes that specifically respond to heat stress, providing a theoretical basis for research on the thermotolerance mechanism in potatoes. 【Method】The experimental material used in this study was 1-month-old tissue-cultured seedlings of Longshu 7, a potato variety independently bred by the Potato Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences. After incubation in plant growth chamber under normal temperature (17 ℃) and high temperature (28 ℃) for 10 days, samples were collected and subjected to small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq) and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq). Based on high-quality sequencing data, we used bioinformatics methods to analyze and screen candidate miRNA-target gene pairs exhibiting negative regulatory relationships. In addition, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and dual luciferase assays (DLR) were used to validate some miRNA-target pairs. 【Result】Under high temperature stress, the abundance of 21 and 24 nt miRNAs in potato seedlings increased significantly, and the overall variation of all miRNA expression levels was 27.0% for PC1, while PC1 and PC2 accounted for 39.4% of the overall variation. According to miRNAs differential expression analysis, a total of 100 miRNAs were obtained, including 62 upregulated and 38 downregulated. Among the upregulated miRNAs, the fold change ranged from 1.02 to 6.94; while the fold change ranged from 1.01 to 7.11 in the downregulated miRNAs list. Transcriptome analysis showed that 579 differentially expressed genes were upregulated and 958 differentially expressed genes were downregulated in potato seedlings under high temperature stress. These genes were mainly involved in responding to biotic stress, external stress stimuli, and other cellular components and developmental processes. Integration of sRNA-seq and RNA-seq analyses revealed that a total of 13 miRNA-target pairs were obtained in the up-regulated miRNAs, while 5 miRNA-target gene pairs were obtained in the down-regulated miRNAs. Then, we selected three pairs of differentially expressed regulatory relationships (miRNA8051-Soltu.DM.10G026540, miRNA8051- Soltu.DM.10G026560, and miR5072-Soltu.DM.04G010170) for RT-qPCR. The results revealed that miRNAs showed opposite expression trends with their potential target genes, consistent with the results of bioinformatics analysis. In addition, we analyzed the regulatory pair of miRNA8051-Soltu.DM.10G026540 or Soltu.DM.10G026560 using DLR assay, confirming that miRNA8051 has a negative regulatory effect on both Soltu.DM.10G026540 and Soltu.DM.10G026560. 【Conclusion】It was revealed that potato seedlings under high temperature stress would regulate the target genes expression in a post-transcriptional regulatory manner, thus producing certain adaptations to the adverse environment. These candidate genes may be involved in biological processes such as transcription factors, wax synthesis and epigenetic regulation of methylation.

Key words: potato, high temperature stress, miRNAs, gene expression, regulatory mechanism