冷浸田改种泥炭藓显著增加土壤有机碳含量且降低胞外酶活性

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.08.009

中国农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (8): 1533-1546.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.08.009

• 土壤肥料·节水灌溉·农业生态环境 • 上一篇下一篇

冷浸田改种泥炭藓显著增加土壤有机碳含量且降低胞外酶活性

高娅菲¹^,²(), 赵媛博¹^,², 徐玲¹^,², 孙嘉悦¹^,², 夏煜轩¹^,², 薛丹³, 武海雯⁴, 宁航¹^,², 吴安驰¹^,², 吴林¹^,²()

¹ 生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室，湖北恩施 445000
² 湖北民族大学林学园艺学院，湖北恩施 445000
³ 中国科学院成都生物研究所山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室，成都 610041
⁴ 中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所，北京 100091

收稿日期:2023-11-23 接受日期:2024-01-15 出版日期:2024-04-24 发布日期:2024-04-24
通信作者:
吴林，E-mail：wulin2019@yeah.net
联系方式: 高娅菲，E-mail：1425109149@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32260303); 中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2020ZC005)

Long-Term Sphagnum Cultivation in Cold Waterlogged Paddy Fields Increases Organic Carbon Content and Decreases Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities

GAO YaFei¹^,²(), ZHAO YuanBo¹^,², XU Lin¹^,², SUN JiaYue¹^,², XIA YuXuan¹^,², XUE Dan³, WU HaiWen⁴, NING Hang¹^,², WU AnChi¹^,², WU Lin¹^,²()

¹ Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province, Enshi 445000, Hubei
² College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, Hubei
³ Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041
⁴ Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091

Received:2023-11-23 Accepted:2024-01-15 Published:2024-04-24 Online:2024-04-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究冷浸田改种泥炭藓（Sphagnum）不同年限后土壤的固碳潜力和胞外酶活性的变化，为合理利用冷浸田提供依据。【方法】选取贵州省黔南州独山县紫林山村为研究区，以种植水稻的冷浸田为对照，对比分析冷浸田改种泥炭藓1、3、10和20年后表层（0—10 cm）土壤理化性质、胞外酶活性及土壤有机碳含量变化，探究泥炭藓种植对冷浸田土壤固碳潜力的影响。【结果】（1）种植泥炭藓改变了冷浸田土壤理化性质，种植10年后，土壤容重、团聚体平均重量直径及总酚含量相比对照分别提高了16.9%、33.8%和88.1%。（2）随着泥炭藓种植年限增加，土壤纤维素二糖水解酶、酸性磷酸酶、β-1,4-乙酰-葡萄糖胺糖苷酶、β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶、亮氨酸氨基肽酶活性以及多酚氧化酶含量均显著降低。（3）冷浸田改种泥炭藓10年后，土壤总有机碳和惰性有机碳含量显著增加，而改种泥炭藓20年后，土壤可溶性有机碳和活性有机碳含量显著降低，土壤纤维素二糖水解酶、酸性磷酸酶、β-1,4-乙酰-葡萄糖胺糖苷酶、β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶、亮氨酸氨基肽酶活性以及多酚氧化酶含量均显著降低。（4）结构方程模型显示，对于总有机碳和惰性有机碳，泥炭藓种植年限的直接正效应最大。对于可溶性有机碳和活性有机碳，胞外酶活性的直接影响最大。土壤理化性质普遍通过影响胞外酶活性对4种碳产生间接影响，泥炭藓种植年限则通过影响土壤理化性质对4种碳产生间接影响。【结论】种植泥炭藓改变了土壤环境，显著增加冷浸田土壤有机碳含量且降低土壤胞外酶活性，促进碳积累，且长期种植泥炭藓使碳积累更加明显。

关键词: 冷浸田, 泥炭藓, 人工种植, 土壤酶活性, 碳积累

Abstract:

【Objective】In southern China, cold waterlogged paddy fields cover an expansive area and hold considerable potential for carbon sequestration and remittance. However, the low yield and modest income derived from rice cultivation in such paddy fields have led to a high rate of abandonment. This study investigated whether conversion of cold waterlogged paddy fields to Sphagnum cultivation, an economically important plant beneficial for carbon sequestration, significantly enhances soil carbon storage while improving the income of farmers. The overall aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of Sphagnum cultivation on the carbon sequestration potential of cold waterlogged paddy soils. 【Method】Zilinshan Village, Dushan County, Qiannan Prefecture, Guizhou Province, was selected as the study site. The physicochemical properties, extracellular enzyme activities, and organic carbon content in the surface soil (0-10 cm depth) were analyzed after transformation of cold waterlogged paddy fields to Sphagnum cultivation for 1, 3, 10, and 20 years. Paddy fields growing rice were used as the control. 【Result】 (1) The years of Sphagnum cultivation altered the physicochemical properties of cold waterlogged paddy soils. Especially after Sphagnum cultivation for 10 years, the soil bulk density, mean weight diameter of aggregates, and total phenol content were increased by 16.9%, 33.8%, and 88.1%, respectively, compared with the control. (2) With an increase in years of Sphagnum cultivation, the activities of cellulose hydrolase, acid phosphatase, β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase, β-1,4-glucosidase, leucine aminopeptidase, and polyphenol oxidase significantly decreased. (3) After Sphagnum cultivation for 10 years, soil organic carbon and recalcitrant organic carbon contents increased significantly, and the dissolved organic carbon and easily oxidizable carbon contents decreased significantly, the activities of cellulose hydrolase, acid phosphatase, β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase, β-1,4-glucosidase, leucine aminopeptidase, and polyphenol oxidase significantly decreased after Sphagnum cultivation for 20 years. (4) The structural equation model revealed that the years of Sphagnum cultivation had maximum direct positive effect on soil organic carbon and recalcitrant organic carbon. In terms of dissolved organic carbon and easily oxidizable carbon, they directly influenced by extracellular enzyme activity to the greatest extent. Generally, soil physicochemical properties have indirect effects on the four kinds of carbon through extracellular enzyme activities,, and the years of Sphagnum cultivation indirectly influenced four types of carbon through soil physicochemical properties. 【Conclusion】 The planting of Sphagnum moss can induce changes in the soil environment, leading to a significant increase in soil organic carbon content and a reduction in extracellular enzyme activity in waterlogged paddy fields. Additionally, it promotes carbon accumulation, with long-term Sphagnum planting further enhancing this process.

Key words: cold waterlogged paddy fields, Sphagnum, artificial planting, soil enzyme activity, carbon accumulation

高娅菲, 赵媛博, 徐玲, 孙嘉悦, 夏煜轩, 薛丹, 武海雯, 宁航, 吴安驰, 吴林. 冷浸田改种泥炭藓显著增加土壤有机碳含量且降低胞外酶活性[J]. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(8): 1533-1546.

GAO YaFei, ZHAO YuanBo, XU Lin, SUN JiaYue, XIA YuXuan, XUE Dan, WU HaiWen, NING Hang, WU AnChi, WU Lin. Long-Term Sphagnum Cultivation in Cold Waterlogged Paddy Fields Increases Organic Carbon Content and Decreases Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(8): 1533-1546.

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土层深度 Soil depth (cm)	容重 Bulk density (g·cm^-3)	pH	全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	全硫 Total sulfur (g·kg^-1)	全铁 Total iron (mg·kg^-1)
0-10	1.28±0.01b	4.93±0.13b	8.54±1.53a	2.37±0.34a	6716.99±40.01b
10-20	1.35±0.01b	5.22±0.03b	3.58±1.99ab	2.09±0.15a	6791.28±94.18ab
20-30	1.51±0.03a	5.58±0.09a	2.82±0.66b	1.93±0.11a	7384.04±290.32a

种植年限 Planting years (a)	容重 Bulk density (g·cm^-3)	pH	团聚体平均重量直径 MWD (mm)	全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg^-1)	总酚 Total phenolics content (mg·kg^-1)
CK	1.18±0.04c	6.38±0.07a	0.25±0.01c	2.98±0.07b	1.91±0.08a	0.34±0.02c
1	1.52±0.03ab	5.91±0.08b	0.27±0.02bc	4.88±0.07a	2.21±0.22a	1.70±0.08b
3	1.57±0.03a	5.53±0.04c	0.31±0.02abc	2.42±0.18c	0.95±0.10b	1.75±0.30b
10	1.42±0.04b	5.50±0.03c	0.33±0.03ab	2.24±0.24c	0.82±0.07b	2.86±0.22a
20	1.57±0.05a	5.24±0.06d	0.34±0.02a	2.00±0.14c	0.68±0.11b	3.35±0.29a

冷浸田改种泥炭藓显著增加土壤有机碳含量且降低胞外酶活性

Long-Term Sphagnum Cultivation in Cold Waterlogged Paddy Fields Increases Organic Carbon Content and Decreases Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities

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