关键词: SCoT , 花生 , 功能型标记 , 种间杂交 , 异源多倍化

Abstract: 【Objective】Genome changes during allopolyploidization were studied to reveal preiliminarily the molecular mechanisms of Arachis polyploidization. 【Method】 A newly interspecific hybridization between tetraploid cultivated peanut Zhongkaihua No.4 and diploid wild one A. chacoensis to study the genomic varied time, types and frequency of the hybrid F1, early allopolyploidy generation (S0-S3) by start codon targeted polymorphism (SCoT) molecular marker technique. 【Result】 A total of 126 loci were produced including 117 polymorphic loci with a polymorphism rate of 92.86% by 18 SCoT primers, which showed that SCoT loci could reveal the relatively high genetic diversity among the Arachis collections. Compared with 109 parental fragments, 28, 30, 10,11 and 10 ones were lost and 9, 3, 10, 14 and 8 new fragments were produced in F1-S3 independently. Furthermore, in the lost parental bands, 16, 12, 7, 9 and 9 bands were from male. These results indicated that SCoT products began to alter as early as in F1 and the changes mainly included the loss, simultaneous appearance of parental bands and appearance of novel fragments, and the loss of male fragments was the major. 【Conclusion】The ATG translation start codon and the flanking region varied extremely in early period during Arachis allopolyploidization which speculated that their biological function might be related with polyploidy evolution and stability. As a new molecular marker technique, SCoT could provide a scientific basis in research on genomic variation during polyploidization in Arachis and other species because of its simplicity, effectiveness and practicality.

Key words: start codon targeted polymorphism , peanut , gene-targeted markers , interspecific hybridization , allopolyploidization