利用大豆生育期基因E1和E2构建适宜不同生态区的ms1基础轮回群体

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.17.001

中国农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (17): 3305-3317.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.17.001

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇下一篇

利用大豆生育期基因E1和E2构建适宜不同生态区的ms1基础轮回群体

胡雪洁¹^,²(), 刘路平²(), 王凤敏², 韩玉华², 孙宾成³, 马启彬⁴, 黄志平⁵, 冯燕², 陈强², 杨春燕², 张孟臣², 张锴¹(), 秦君²()

¹ 河北科技师范学院农学与生物科技学院/河北省作物逆境生物学重点实验室，河北秦皇岛 066004
² 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所/国家大豆改良中心石家庄分中心/农业农村部黄淮海大豆生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/河北省作物遗传育种实验室，石家庄 050035
³ 呼伦贝尔市农牧科学研究所，内蒙古呼伦贝尔 162650
⁴ 华南农业大学农学院，广州 510642
⁵ 安徽省农业科学院，合肥 230031

收稿日期:2024-02-06 接受日期:2024-04-04 出版日期:2024-09-01 发布日期:2024-09-04
通信作者:
张锴，Tel：13373350779；E-mail：zhangkai0779@163.com
秦君，Tel：19948070186；E-mail：hbnkydd@163.com
联系方式: 胡雪洁，Tel：13463195279；E-mail：2170992976@qq.com。刘路平，Tel：13121223199；E-mail：llp0322@yeah.net。胡雪洁和刘路平为同等贡献作者。
基金资助:
河北省农林科学院科技创新专项课题(2022KJCXZX-LYS-6); 现代种业科技创新专项(22326316D); 现代种业科技创新专项(21326313D-4); 国家自然科学基金(32072092)

Construction of ms1 Basic Recurrent Populations Adapted to Different Ecological Regions Using Maturity Genes E1 and E2 in Soybean

HU XueJie¹^,²(), LIU LuPing²(), WANG FengMin², HAN YuHua², SUN BinCheng³, MA QiBin⁴, HUANG ZhiPing⁵, FENG Yan², CHEN Qiang², YANG ChunYan², ZHANG MengChen², ZHANG Kai¹(), QIN Jun²()

¹ College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology/Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Hebei Province, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei
² Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center/Huang-Huai-Hai Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding of Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Shijiazhuang 050035
³ Hulunbuir Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hulunbuir 162650, Inner Mongolia
⁴ College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642
⁵ Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031

Received:2024-02-06 Accepted:2024-04-04 Published:2024-09-01 Online:2024-09-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】大豆是光周期敏感的短日照作物，在不同生态区种植会导致开花过早或过晚。因此，大豆雄性核不育ms1（male sterility 1）基础群体在不同生态区应用于轮回选择的过程中，存在当地供体亲本和受体不育株花期不遇、导入率低的问题。构建适宜三大生态区应用的ms1基础轮回群体，提高供体亲本与受体不育株花期相遇的概率，揭示两轮互交后各群体生育期基因E1和E2基因型及其表型变化特点，为大豆开花期和生育期改良提供依据。【方法】以528份来自不同生态区的供体亲本和ms1基础群体为试验材料。利用前人报道的生育期基因E1和E2的KASP分子标记对供体亲本进行基因型鉴定，按照E1和E2基因型对供体亲本进行分类，分别与ms1基础群体籽粒混合，并根据不同生态区适宜的基因型将各群体种植于不同地区，进行两年两轮异交导入。其中，东北生态区群体种植于内蒙古呼伦贝尔、河北承德2个地区，黄淮海生态区群体种植于河北石家庄和河南许昌2个试验区，南方生态区群体种植于广东广州试验区。每年收获不同ms1群体不育株籽粒，冬季在海南三亚进行南繁。调查供体亲本与ms1基础群体开花期和成熟期，分析不同地区ms1群体E1和E2基因型比例的变化。【结果】根据生育期基因E1和E2基因型将供体亲本划分为4类E1E1/E2E2、E1E1/e2e2、e1e1/E2E2和e1e1/e2e2，各基因型比例分别为12.1%、65.0%、19.3%和3.6%。ms1基础群体中，晚花基因型E1E1/E2E2占有最高比例，为48.6%；群体材料开花期较晚，主要集中于45—51 d。经过连续两轮导入后，不同生态区ms1群体基因型发生变化。东北生态区呼伦贝尔的目标导入基因型e1e1/e2e2比例由33.0%提高到51.6%，承德e1e1/e2e2基因型比例由1.6%提高至3.4%；黄淮海生态区石家庄目标导入基因型e1e1/E2E2比例由18%提高至23.1%，许昌E1E1/e2e2基因型比例由12.5%提高到25.0%；南方生态区广州的E1E1/E2E2基因型比例维持在80%以上。目标导入基因型的杂合基因型在群体中比例也在不断提高。通过两轮异交导入，不同生态区ms1群体间开花期存在显著差异，说明随着开花期基因型的变化，不同群体的表型也随之改变。【结论】将供体亲本依据各开花期基因型分类分别导入ms1群体，可提高各生态区适宜基因型的比例，构建适用于不同生态区的ms1基础轮回群体，提高当地供体亲本和受体ms1不育株花期相遇的概率，实现大豆的开放授粉和基因聚集、积累，丰富群体的遗传多样性，从而进一步提高轮回选择育种效率。

关键词: 大豆, ms1基础轮回群体, 开花期, 生育期, E1, E2, 竞争性等位基因特异性PCR

Abstract:

【Objective】Soybean is a short day crop that is sensitive to photoperiod, and it maybe lead to premature or late flowering when it is planted in different ecological areas. Therefore, in the application of ms1 (male sterility 1) basic population for recurrent selection in different ecological regions, there are problems such as the flowering time unsynchronization between local donor parents and acceptor sterile plants and low introduction rate. The purpose of this study is to construct ms1 basic recurrent population adapted to three ecological regions for improving the probability of flowering time synchronization between donor parents and acceptor sterile plants and reveal the changes of maturity genes E1 and E2 genotypes and phenotype of each population after two rounds of cross-fertilize for providing evidence for improvement of the flowering and maturity time of soybeans.【Method】We used 528 donor parents from different ecological regions and the ms1 basic population as materials. The donor parents were genotyping with the KASP markers of maturity genes E1 and E2 reported by previous research. The donor parents were classified according to E1 and E2 genotypes and mixed with seeds of ms1 basic population respectively, and these populations were planted in different ecological areas according to the suitable genotypes of each region for two rounds of cross-fertilize in two years. Northeast ecological region population was planted in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia and Chengde, Hebei, respectively. Huang-Huai-Hai ecological region population was planted in Shijiazhuang, Hebei and Xuchang, Henan. South ecological region population was planted in Guangzhou, Guangdong. Seeds harvested from different ms1 populations were planted in Sanya, Hainan every winter. The flowering and maturity time of donor parents and ms1 basic population were investigated, and the proportions of E1 and E2 genotypes in populations of different region were calculated.【Result】According to genotypes of maturity genes E1 and E2, the donor parents were divided into four groups E1E1/E2E2, E1E1/e2e2, e1e1/E2E2 and e1e1/e2e2 with ratios of 12.1%, 65.0%, 19.3%, and 3.6%, respectively. In the ms1 basic population, the late flowering genotype E1E1/E2E2 had the highest proportion (48.6%), and the flowering time of the population was late, mainly concentrated in 45-51 days. After two rounds of import by cross-fertilize, the percentage of target genotype e1e1/e2e2 increased from 33.0% to 51.6% in Hulunbuir of Northeast China, and the percentage of the e1e1/e2e2 genotype increased from 1.6% to 8% in Chengde. The percentage of target genotype e1e1/E2E2 increased from 18% to 23.1% in Shijiazhuang of Huang-Huai-Hai ecological area, and the percentage of E1E1/e2e2 increased from 12.5% to 30% in Xuchang, respectively. The percentage of E1E1/E2E2 remains above 80% in Guangzhou of South ecological region. The proportion of heterozygous genotypes of target imported genotypes was also increasing in the population. After two rounds of cross-fertilize, there were significant differences in flowering time among ms1 populations of different ecological regions, indicating that phenotypes of different populations also changed with the change of genotype of flowering genes.【Conclusion】Importing genotype of donor parents into the ms1 population based on their genotypes of flowering genes can increase the frequency of suitable genotypes in each ecological region, construct ms1 basic recurrent populations adapted to different ecological regions, increase the probability of flower time synchronization of local donor parents and acceptor ms1 sterile plants, achieve open pollination, gene aggregation and accumulation in soybean, and enrich the genetic diversity of the population, further improve breeding efficiency.

Key words: soybean, ms1 basic recurrent population, flowering time, maturity time, E1, E2, KASP

胡雪洁, 刘路平, 王凤敏, 韩玉华, 孙宾成, 马启彬, 黄志平, 冯燕, 陈强, 杨春燕, 张孟臣, 张锴, 秦君. 利用大豆生育期基因E1和E2构建适宜不同生态区的ms1基础轮回群体[J]. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(17): 3305-3317.

HU XueJie, LIU LuPing, WANG FengMin, HAN YuHua, SUN BinCheng, MA QiBin, HUANG ZhiPing, FENG Yan, CHEN Qiang, YANG ChunYan, ZHANG MengChen, ZHANG Kai, QIN Jun. Construction of ms1 Basic Recurrent Populations Adapted to Different Ecological Regions Using Maturity Genes E1 and E2 in Soybean[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(17): 3305-3317.

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引物 Primer	序列 Sequence (5′-3′)
E1-as_FAM	AAAGGGAGCAGTGTCAAAAGAAGAC
E1-as_VIC	AAAGGGAGCAGTGTCAAAAGAAGAG
E1-as_Reverse	GTTAGAGGCTTCGCATATGGTGGWTT
E2-as_FAM	CCCATCAGAGGCATGTCTTATGA
E2-as_VIC	CCCATCAGAGGCATGTCTTATGT
E2-as_Reverse	CTGTTTTGTTCTCTAGTGGACTCA

基因型 Genotype	品种数 Number of varieties	基因型比例 Genotype percentage (%)
E1/e2-ns/E3/E4	341	64.6
e1-as/E2/E3/E4	102	19.3
E1/E2/E3/E4	64	12.1
e1-as/e2-ns/E3/E4	18	3.4
e1-as/e2-ns/e3-tr/E4	1	0.2
E1/e2-ns/e3-tr/E4	2	0.4

利用大豆生育期基因E1和E2构建适宜不同生态区的ms1基础轮回群体

Construction of ms1 Basic Recurrent Populations Adapted to Different Ecological Regions Using Maturity Genes E1 and E2 in Soybean

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