土壤施用钝化剂与复合微生物肥对冬小麦镉积累的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.01.009

中国农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (1): 126-141.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.01.009

• 土壤肥料·节水灌溉·农业生态环境 • 上一篇下一篇

土壤施用钝化剂与复合微生物肥对冬小麦镉积累的影响

王宇¹(), 宋一凡¹, 张荣¹, 牟海萌¹, 孙丽芳¹, 付凯霞¹, 武紫君¹, 黄青青², 徐应明², 李鸽子¹^,³, 王永华¹^,³(), 郭天财¹^,³()

¹ 河南农业大学农学院/国家小麦工程技术研究中心，郑州 450046
² 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所/农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室，天津 300191
³ 河南粮食作物协同创新中心，郑州 450046

收稿日期:2023-01-13 接受日期:2023-04-21 出版日期:2024-01-01 发布日期:2024-01-10
通信作者:
王永华，E-mail：wangyonghua88@126.com。

郭天财，E-mail：gtcwheat@henau.edu.cn
联系方式: 王宇，E-mail：wy13333955774@163.com。
基金资助:
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03)

Effects of Soil Application of Passivating Agent and Compound Microbial Fertilizer on Cadmium Accumulation in Winter Wheat

WANG Yu¹(), SONG YiFan¹, ZHANG Rong¹, MU HaiMeng¹, SUN LiFang¹, FU KaiXia¹, WU ZiJun¹, HUANG QingQing², XU YingMing², LI GeZi¹^,³, WANG YongHua¹^,³(), GUO TianCai¹^,³()

¹ Agronomy College of Henan Agricultural University/National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Zhengzhou 450046
² Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191
³ Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Grain Crops, Zhengzhou 450046

Received:2023-01-13 Accepted:2023-04-21 Published:2024-01-01 Online:2024-01-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究土壤施用钝化剂与复合微生物肥对豫北轻度镉污染弱碱性农田土壤中镉活性的钝化效果，及其对冬小麦品种不同器官间镉积累转运和产量的影响特征，旨在筛选出高效修复镉污染土壤、降低冬小麦籽粒镉含量的修复材料及低镉积累小麦品种，为豫北镉轻度污染弱碱性农田的小麦安全高效生产提供技术支撑。【方法】于2020—2022年连续两个冬小麦生长季，在豫北镉污染弱碱性农田设置不同土壤修复材料（CK：不进行土壤修复处理，CMF：复合微生物肥单施处理，GP：土壤钝化剂单施处理，CMF+GP：复合微生物肥和土壤钝化剂等量配施处理）和6个冬小麦品种（鑫华麦818、漯麦163、郑麦9023、鑫麦296、郑麦136、郑麦7698）的两因素裂区田间大区对比试验，研究土壤有效态镉、冬小麦地上部各器官镉含量、富集系数（BCF）、转运系数（TF）及其相关性、冬小麦产量及其构成因素的变化。【结果】（1）在连续两年冬小麦生长季，与CK相比，钝化剂和复合微生物肥的单施和等量配施均可降低土壤有效态镉含量，CMF+GP处理的效果最好，可使6个供试品种的根系表层土壤有效态镉含量显著降低17.6%—22.4%。土壤有效态镉含量降低与冬小麦地上部各器官镉含量的变化具有相关性，且不同品种的同一器官间也存在一定差异。（2）土壤钝化剂和复合微生物肥单施和等量配施可使鑫华麦818、漯麦163、郑麦9023降低TF_茎鞘—叶、TF_{茎鞘—籽粒}，增大TF_{茎鞘—（穗轴+颖壳）}、TF_{叶—（穗轴+颖壳）}，使BCF_茎鞘、BCF_叶降低、使小麦体内镉含量向穗轴+颖壳转移，以减小BCF_籽粒，与之不同的是，未能有效降低鑫麦296的TF_茎鞘—叶、BCF_茎鞘，增大了郑麦136、郑麦7698的BCF_茎鞘。（3）土壤施用钝化剂和复合微生物肥可综合调控冬小麦穗数、穗粒数、千粒重，提高冬小麦产量，但土壤修复处理与品种的方差分析结果表明两者的交互作用主要是通过调控穗数实现增产。CMF+GP处理中郑麦136连续两个冬小麦生长季的产量均为当季所有处理最高值，分别为7 317.17和10 485.32 kg·hm^-2。【结论】施用复合微生物肥和土壤钝化剂可降低豫北弱碱性轻度镉污染麦田冬小麦根际土壤有效态镉含量，调控冬小麦各器官对土壤镉的富集系数及各器官转运系数。复合微生物肥和土壤钝化剂等量配施处理优于单施处理，可最大程度降低冬小麦籽粒镉含量，并显著提高参试冬小麦品种产量，且与本试验筛选出的低镉积累高产品种郑麦136搭配种植模式，可实现豫北弱碱性镉污染农田冬小麦的高产栽培与安全生产。

关键词: 冬小麦, 土壤镉污染, 土壤镉钝化剂, 复合微生物肥, 镉富集系数, 镉转运系数, 石灰性潮土

Abstract:

【Objective】The passivation effect of passivator and compound microbial fertilizer on cadmium (Cd) activity in slightly Cd-polluted weak alkaline farmland soil in northern Henan Province was studied, and their effects on Cd accumulation and translocation in different organs and yield of winter wheat were investigated too. The purpose of this study was to explore soil remediation materials for efficient remediation of Cd-contaminated soil, to reduce Cd content in winter wheat grains, and to screen wheat varieties with low Cd accumulation, so as to provide the technical support for the safe and efficient production of wheat in lightly polluted weak alkaline farmland in northern Henan Province. 【Method】In two consecutive winter wheat growing seasons of 2020-2022, two-factor split field comparison experiments of four different soil remediation materials (CK, no soil remediation treatment; CMF, single application of compound microbial fertilizer; GP, single application of soil passivator; CMF+GP, combination of compound microbial fertilizer and soil passivator) and six winter wheat varieties (Xinhuamai818, Luomai 163, Zhengmai 9023, Xinmai 296, Zhengmai 136, and Zhengmai 7698) in northern Henan Province were set up and used in the weakly Cd-polluted alkaline farmland. The changes of available Cd in soil, Cd contents in aboveground organs of wheat plants, enrichment coefficient (BCF), transport coefficient (TF), their correlations, and winter wheat yields and its components were analyzed. 【Result】(1) In two winter wheat growing seasons (2020-2021 and 2021-2022), compared with CK, single application and equal combination application of passivation agent and compound microbial fertilizer could remarkably reduce the content of available Cd in soil. CMF+GP treatment had the best effect, which significantly and effectively reduced the available Cd content by 17.6%-22.4% in the surface soil of the roots among the six varieties. The decreased available Cd in soil was related to the changes of Cd content in the aboveground organs of winter wheat plants, and there were also some differences between the same organs of different varieties. (2) Single application of soil passivator and compound microbial fertilizer, as well as equal combined application of soil passivator and compound microbial fertilizer, could make Xinhuamai 818, Luomai 163 and Zhengmai 9023 decrease TF_{Stem sheath-leaf}, TF_{Stem sheath-grain}, increase TF_{Stem sheath-(Spike shaft+chaff)}, TF_{Leaf-(Spike shaft+chaff)}, reduce BCF_{Stem sheath} and BCF_Leaf, and make wheat body in order to reduce BCF _Grain, the content of Cd in it shifted to panicle axis + glume. In contrast, they did not reduce TF_{Stem sheath-Leaf} and BCF_{Stem sheath} of Xinmai 296, whereas increased BCF _{Stem sheath} of Zhengmai 136 and Zhengmai 7698. (3) Application of passivating agents and compound microbial fertilizers in soil could comprehensively regulate the number of ears, grains per ear and 1000-kernel weight of winter wheat plants, and improve the grain yields of winter wheat. However, variance analysis on soil remediation treatment and varieties showed that the increased grain yields in their interactions was mainly due to the increased ear numbers. Under CMF+GP treatment, the grain yield of Zhengmai 136 variety was the highest among all treatments, which was 7 317.17 kg·hm^-2 and 10 485.32 kg·hm^-2 in two consecutive 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 winter wheat growing seasons, respectively. 【Conclusion】The application of compound microbial fertilizer and soil passivator could effectively reduce the available Cd content in the rhizosphere soil with weak alkaline and mild Cd pollution in northern Henan Province, and regulate the enrichment coefficient and transport coefficient of soil Cd in various organs of winter wheat plants. The combination treatment of compound microbial fertilizer and soil passivator with the same applied amounts was better than single treatment, which could also reduce the Cd content of winter wheat grains to the maximum extent, and significantly improve the yield of winter wheat varieties. In addition, the combination of planting modes combined with the low Cd accumulation and high yield variety Zhengmai 136 screened out, could achieve the high grain yields and safe production of winter wheat in the farmland with weak alkaline Cd pollution in northern Henan Province.

Key words: winter wheat, soil Cd contamination, soil cadmium passivator, compound microbial fertilizer, Cd enrichment coefficient, Cd transport coefficient, calcareous fluvo-aquic soil

王宇, 宋一凡, 张荣, 牟海萌, 孙丽芳, 付凯霞, 武紫君, 黄青青, 徐应明, 李鸽子, 王永华, 郭天财. 土壤施用钝化剂与复合微生物肥对冬小麦镉积累的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(1): 126-141.

WANG Yu, SONG YiFan, ZHANG Rong, MU HaiMeng, SUN LiFang, FU KaiXia, WU ZiJun, HUANG QingQing, XU YingMing, LI GeZi, WANG YongHua, GUO TianCai. Effects of Soil Application of Passivating Agent and Compound Microbial Fertilizer on Cadmium Accumulation in Winter Wheat[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(1): 126-141.

图/表 7

表1

图1

表2

施用钝化剂与复合微生物肥对不同品种冬小麦成熟期地上部器官镉含量的影响"

品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	2020—2021	2021—2022
品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	籽粒 Grain	茎鞘 Stem sheath	叶片 Leaf	穗轴+颖壳 Spike shaft+chaff	籽粒 Grain
鑫华麦818 Xinhuamai818	CK	0.087±0.001a	0.150±0.005a	0.737±0.041a	0.135±0.013c	0.083±0.005a
	CMF	0.075±0.002b	0.142±0.003b	0.650±0.045b	0.152±0.003b	0.072±0.005b
	GP	0.066±0.004c	0.135±0.005b	0.610±0.041bc	0.147±0.006bc	0.062±0.004c
	CMF+GP	0.062±0.003c	0.137±0.003b	0.543±0.041c	0.185±0.005a	0.059±0.003c
漯麦163 Luomai163	CK	0.076±0.002a	0.178±0.003a	0.578±0.035a	0.158±0.006c	0.072±0.004a
	CMF	0.073±0.002b	0.165±0.000b	0.533±0.035ab	0.173±0.006b	0.064±0.004b
	GP	0.067±0.002c	0.163±0.003b	0.477±0.033bc	0.188±0.008a	0.053±0.003c
	CMF+GP	0.060±0.002d	0.155±0.005c	0.448±0.031c	0.195±0.005a	0.049±0.003c
郑麦9023 Zhengmai9023	CK	0.065±0.003a	0.185±0.005a	0.563±0.039a	0.152±0.008b	0.061±0.004a
	CMF	0.061±0.004ab	0.172±0.008b	0.532±0.042ab	0.163±0.003b	0.056±0.002ab
	GP	0.059±0.003b	0.168±0.003b	0.515±0.037ab	0.157±0.003b	0.053±0.003bc
	CMF+GP	0.051±0.002c	0.165±0.000b	0.482±0.032b	0.215±0.010a	0.049±0.003c
鑫麦296 Xinmai296	CK	0.051±0.003a	0.163±0.003a	0.500±0.038a	0.123±0.012b	0.045±0.002a
	CMF	0.051±0.005a	0.162±0.003a	0.488±0.030a	0.153±0.013a	0.044±0.002ab
	GP	0.050±0.002a	0.160±0.005a	0.497±0.032a	0.145±0.009a	0.041±0.002bc
	CMF+GP	0.050±0.004a	0.160±0.005a	0.475±0.035a	0.152±0.008a	0.038±0.002c
郑麦136 Zhengmai136	CK	0.054±0.002a	0.138±0.006c	0.512±0.035a	0.137±0.003c	0.048±0.003a
	CMF	0.051±0.003ab	0.163±0.003b	0.460±0.028a	0.152±0.010b	0.044±0.004a
	GP	0.048±0.004b	0.162±0.003b	0.393±0.021b	0.162±0.006b	0.037±0.003b
	CMF+GP	0.035±0.004c	0.190±0.005a	0.347±0.027b	0.178±0.008a	0.033±0.003b
郑麦7698 Zhengmai7698	CK	0.067±0.003a	0.147±0.003c	0.577±0.037a	0.128±0.008b	0.064±0.004a
	CMF	0.061±0.004b	0.155±0.005b	0.557±0.039ab	0.135±0.005b	0.059±0.003ab
	GP	0.060±0.002b	0.138±0.003d	0.505±0.022bc	0.137±0.008b	0.053±0.003bc
	CMF+GP	0.053±0.002c	0.162±0.003a	0.477±0.029c	0.162±0.003a	0.049±0.004c

表2

表3

表4

2021—2022年生长季施用土壤钝化剂与复合微生物肥对冬小麦各器官镉转运系数的影响"

品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	TF_茎鞘—叶 TF _{Stem sheath—Leaf}	TF_{茎鞘—(穗轴+颖壳)} TF _{Stem sheath—(Spike shaft +chaff)}	TF_{茎鞘—籽粒} TF _{Stem sheath—Grain}	TF_{叶—(穗轴+颖壳)} TF _{Leaf—(Spike shaft +chaff)}	TF_叶—籽粒 TF _Leaf—Grain
鑫华麦818 Xinhuamai818	CK	4.92±0.44a	0.90±0.12c	0.55±0.04a	0.18±0.01c	0.11±0.01a
	CMF	4.59±0.22ab	1.07±0.04b	0.51±0.03ab	0.23±0.02b	0.11±0.00a
	GP	4.53±0.47ab	1.09±0.06b	0.46±0.02bc	0.24±0.02b	0.10±0.01a
	CMF+GP	3.97±0.22b	1.35±0.02a	0.43±0.03c	0.34±0.02a	0.11±0.01a
漯麦163 Luomai163	CK	3.24±0.24a	0.89±0.03d	0.40±0.01a	0.27±0.02b	0.12±0.01a
	CMF	3.23±0.21a	1.05±0.03c	0.39±0.03a	0.33±0.03b	0.12±0.02a
	GP	2.92±0.17a	1.15±0.05b	0.32±0.02b	0.40±0.04a	0.11±0.01a
	CMF+GP	2.90±0.27a	1.26±0.06a	0.32±0.01b	0.44±0.04a	0.11±0.01a
郑麦9023 Zhengmai9023	CK	3.04±0.15a	0.82±0.02c	0.33±0.03a	0.27±0.01b	0.11±0.01a
	CMF	3.10±0.29a	0.95±0.06b	0.33±0.02a	0.31±0.02b	0.11±0.01a
	GP	3.06±0.24a	0.93±0.03b	0.32±0.02a	0.31±0.02b	0.10±0.00a
	CMF+GP	2.92±0.19a	1.30±0.06a	0.30±0.02a	0.45±0.05a	0.10±0.00a
鑫麦296 Xinmai296	CK	3.06±0.18a	0.76±0.08b	0.28±0.01a	0.25±0.04b	0.09±0.00a
	CMF	3.02±0.19a	0.95±0.08a	0.27±0.02a	0.32±0.05a	0.09±0.01a
	GP	3.11±0.21a	0.91±0.08a	0.26±0.02ab	0.29±0.02ab	0.08±0.00a
	CMF+GP	2.97±0.19a	0.95±0.05a	0.24±0.02b	0.32±0.01a	0.08±0.01a
郑麦136 Zhengmai136	CK	3.70±0.26a	0.99±0.04a	0.35±0.01a	0.27±0.02d	0.09±0.01a
	CMF	2.82±0.20b	0.93±0.05a	0.27±0.03b	0.33±0.04c	0.10±0.01a
	GP	2.43±0.09b	1.00±0.05a	0.23±0.02c	0.41±0.04b	0.09±0.01a
	CMF+GP	1.83±0.19c	0.94±0.06a	0.17±0.01d	0.51±0.02a	0.10±0.01a
郑麦7698 Zhengmai7698	CK	3.93±0.21a	0.88±0.07b	0.44±0.02a	0.22±0.03c	0.11±0.00a
	CMF	3.59±0.25a	0.87±0.06b	0.38±0.03b	0.24±0.02bc	0.11±0.01a
	GP	3.65±0.13a	0.99±0.04a	0.38±0.02b	0.27±0.02b	0.10±0.00a
	CMF+GP	2.95±0.11b	1.00±0.05a	0.30±0.03c	0.34±0.03a	0.10±0.01a

表4

表5

不同冬小麦品种在土壤钝化剂与复合微生物肥处理下各器官的镉富集系数"

品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	2020—2021	2021—2022
品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	BCF_Grain	BCF _{Stem sheath}	BCF _Leaf	BCF _{Spike shaft+chaff}	BCF _Grain
鑫华麦818 Xinhuamai818	CK	0.20±0.02a	0.35±0.01a	1.73±0.09a	0.32±0.03c	0.19±0.01a
	CMF	0.17±0.01b	0.33±0.01ab	1.54±0.13b	0.36±0.01b	0.17±0.01b
	GP	0.15±0.01c	0.32±0.01b	1.45±0.10bc	0.35±0.01bc	0.15±0.01c
	CMF+GP	0.14±0.00c	0.32±0.00b	1.29±0.08c	0.44±0.01a	0.14±0.01c
漯麦163 Luomai163	CK	0.17±0.01a	0.42±0.01a	1.36±0.09a	0.37±0.02c	0.17±0.01a
	CMF	0.15±0.01a	0.39±0.01b	1.26±0.10ab	0.41±0.01b	0.15±0.01b
	GP	0.13±0.02b	0.39±0.01b	1.14±0.08bc	0.45±0.02a	0.13±0.01c
	CMF+GP	0.12±0.01b	0.37±0.01c	1.06±0.07c	0.46±0.02a	0.12±0.01c
郑麦9023 Zhengmai9023	CK	0.14±0.01a	0.43±0.01a	1.32±0.10a	0.36±0.02c	0.14±0.01a
	CMF	0.13±0.00ab	0.41±0.02b	1.26±0.12a	0.39±0.01b	0.13±0.00ab
	GP	0.13±0.01bc	0.40±0.01b	1.23±0.09a	0.37±0.01bc	0.13±0.01bc
	CMF+GP	0.12±0.01c	0.39±0.00b	1.14±0.07a	0.51±0.02a	0.12±0.01c
鑫麦296 Xinmai296	CK	0.10±0.00a	0.38±0.01a	1.17±0.09a	0.29±0.03b	0.11±0.01a
	CMF	0.10±0.00a	0.38±0.01a	1.15±0.06a	0.36±0.03a	0.10±0.01a
	GP	0.10±0.00ab	0.38±0.01a	1.18±0.08a	0.35±0.02a	0.10±0.00ab
	CMF+GP	0.09±0.01b	0.38±0.01a	1.13±0.08a	0.36±0.02a	0.09±0.00b
郑麦136 Zhengmai136	CK	0.11±0.01a	0.32±0.01c	1.20±0.08a	0.32±0.01c	0.11±0.00a
	CMF	0.10±0.00a	0.39±0.01b	1.09±0.07a	0.36±0.03b	0.10±0.01a
	GP	0.09±0.01b	0.38±0.01b	0.94±0.05b	0.38±0.01b	0.09±0.01b
	CMF+GP	0.08±0.01b	0.45±0.01a	0.82±0.07b	0.42±0.02a	0.08±0.01b
郑麦7698 Zhengmai7698	CK	0.15±0.00a	0.34±0.01b	1.35±0.09a	0.30±0.02b	0.15±0.01a
	CMF	0.14±0.00a	0.37±0.02a	1.32±0.10a	0.32±0.01b	0.14±0.01ab
	GP	0.13±0.01b	0.33±0.01b	1.20±0.05ab	0.33±0.02b	0.13±0.01bc
	CMF+GP	0.12±0.01b	0.38±0.01a	1.13±0.07b	0.38±0.01a	0.12±0.01c

表5

表6

施用钝化剂与复合微生物肥对不同冬小麦品种产量及其构成因素的影响"

品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	2020—2021				2021—2022
品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	穗数 Panicle number (×10⁴·hm^-²)	每穗粒数 Grain number per panicle	千粒重 Thousand seed weight (g)	产量 Production (kg·hm^-²)	穗数 Panicle number (×10⁴·hm^-²)	每穗粒数 Grain number per panicle	千粒重 Thousand seed weight (g)	产量 Production (kg·hm^-²)
鑫华麦818 Xinhuamai 818	CK	508.79±21.14bc	36.10±0.72b	53.93±1.12b	5298.94±416.65b	503.03±14.71b	37.07±2.28b	54.95±1.46b	8572.60±113.65b
	CMF	537.48±11.69ab	37.30±1.10ab	55.00±1.47ab	6128.37±395.29ab	576.68±9.11a	37.07±1.86b	54.41±0.56b	9163.55±241.74ab
	GP	490.99±19.86c	37.77±1.27ab	56.91±1.17a	6107.65±423.72ab	499.32±29.72b	38.00±2.52ab	56.72±0.43a	9064.40±580.94ab
	CMF+GP	559.71±10.95a	38.07±0.69a	54.80±0.49ab	6738.40±721.59a	606.78±29.98a	41.83±1.46a	54.38±0.70b	9478.14±347.51a
漯麦163 Luomai163	CK	522.14±18.38b	38.07±0.87b	52.73±3.59a	5602.66±316.37b	551.20±22.46b	36.40±0.87b	52.33±0.37b	8794.56±71.71b
	CMF	542.86±21.74ab	39.50±0.80ab	52.31±1.73a	6333.21±491.21ab	563.34±19.05b	36.37±1.07b	54.05±0.85a	8980.99±166.44ab
	GP	550.66±13.74ab	38.90±1.48b	54.36±1.13a	6210.24±133.93ab	532.34±6.54b	39.33±1.11a	53.66±0.61a	9072.99±339.61ab
	CMF+GP	566.37±8.34a	41.60±1.65a	54.23±2.52a	6492.01±442.85a	605.86±14.84a	38.50±1.82ab	53.37±0.69ab	9207.71±122.17a
郑麦9023 Zhengmai 9023	CK	597.52±7.66a	31.90±1.61c	47.54±1.94a	5950.55±186.73b	597.98±10.74a	33.10±2.20b	46.66±0.81ab	7888.57±216.49c
	CMF	529.89±9.14c	33.57±1.34bc	47.13±0.96a	6026.10±269.08b	547.81±8.06b	32.93±2.39b	47.63±0.41a	8022.13±299.07b
	GP	556.59±18.37b	36.43±0.58ab	48.16±0.99a	5966.17±132.58b	533.64±5.49b	38.73±1.06a	46.44±0.53ab	8290.62±102.71ab
	CMF+GP	600.30±12.83a	38.87±2.95a	47.17±1.30a	6585.64±254.25a	593.98±34.93a	41.10±0.69a	46.32±0.73b	8593.06±69.49a
鑫麦296 Xinmai296	CK	503.97±22.74a	38.10±0.79c	46.45±1.35a	5874.47±222.72b	497.06±24.94b	39.83±2.51b	50.35±0.63b	8561.69±43.85b
	CMF	529.14±20.54a	40.30±1.08b	50.25±0.77a	6201.75±163.25ab	549.80±16.50a	41.07±2.08ab	53.18±0.99a	8981.82±396.62ab
	GP	509.43±23.68a	42.40±1.25a	47.16±0.55a	6140.01±362.76ab	514.20±24.73ab	43.60±2.03ab	51.86±0.13a	8721.47±270.45ab
	CMF+GP	547.50±24.19a	43.13±0.83a	46.46±3.57a	6482.81±175.82a	540.97±13.82a	44.20±1.59a	50.07±1.02b	9098.81±211.36a
郑麦136 Zhengmai 136	CK	551.20±6.29b	38.13±1.72b	50.25±0.19b	5892.27±228.42b	556.43±13.93b	41.47±0.75bc	51.43±1.42b	8519.87±500.45c
	CMF	575.25±18.64ab	41.57±1.40a	55.37±1.12a	6302.90±532.89b	614.20±12.42a	40.83±0.50c	53.76±0.30a	9335.06±428.40b
	GP	548.42±16.73b	42.10±0.87a	54.64±0.78a	6027.40±383.89b	558.54±22.94b	42.77±1.23ab	52.28±0.75ab	9636.43±178.42b
	CMF+GP	594.73±16.55a	43.53±2.40a	53.70±1.63a	7301.17±101.58a	593.41±23.62ab	43.47±0.93a	52.02±0.27b	10485.32±499.39a
郑麦7698 Zhengmai 7698	CK	509.51±30.88a	39.27±0.78b	51.86±0.26a	6230.89±138.96b	492.22±25.07c	42.17±2.84a	53.78±0.41ab	9256.76±176.07b
	CMF	513.22±35.24a	40.77±0.15ab	53.39±0.68a	6614.36±262.32ab	571.58±11.28ab	41.47±0.38a	54.87±0.70a	9653.13±298.49ab
	GP	506.73±24.22a	41.80±1.91a	51.94±0.27a	6535.67±356.49ab	517.16±39.68bc	42.97±0.51a	52.56±0.69b	9497.88±503.81ab
	CMF+GP	522.48±15.87a	42.30±0.46a	52.74±1.67a	6793.83±304.45a	582.14±42.21a	42.80±3.86a	53.69±1.65ab	9920.84±137.63a
品种 Variety		**	**	**	*	**	**	**	**
土壤修复材料 Soil remediation materials		**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**
品种×土壤修复材料 Variety×Soil remediation materials		**	NS	NS	*	**	NS	NS	*

表6

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年份 Year	处理 Treatment	pH	有机质 Organic matter (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total N (g·kg^-1)	碱解氮 Alkaline N (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K (mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P (mg·kg^-1)
2020—2021	CK	8.31	19.08	1.23	86.86	211.63	9.49
	CMF	8.33	18.92	1.19	85.90	208.87	9.37
	GP	8.35	18.90	1.22	85.56	211.40	9.28
	CMF+GP	8.33	19.06	1.17	88.14	209.15	9.45
2021—2022	CK	8.43	15.00	0.92	74.34	182.28	7.24
	CMF	8.40	15.71	0.94	75.17	201.25	7.35
	GP	8.26	18.71	1.09	77.70	229.54	8.65
	CMF+GP	8.35	19.36	0.97	74.24	233.13	8.64

品种 Variety	2020—2021	2021—2022
品种 Variety	籽粒 Grain	茎鞘 Stem sheath	叶片 Leaf	穗轴+颖壳 Spike shaft+chaff	籽粒 Grain
鑫华麦818 Xinhuamai818	0.759**	0.594*	0.858**	-0.725**	0.824**
漯麦163 Luomai163	0.750**	0.751**	0.734**	-0.878**	0.720**
郑麦9023 Zhengmai9023	0.719**	0.761**	0.713**	-0.620*	0.739**
鑫麦296 Xinmai296	0.106	-0.041	0.016	-0.451	0.594*
郑麦136 Zhengmai136	0.810**	-0.795**	0.716**	-0.822**	0.757**
郑麦7698 Zhengmai7698	0.637*	-0.272	0.817**	-0.729**	0.710**

土壤施用钝化剂与复合微生物肥对冬小麦镉积累的影响

Effects of Soil Application of Passivating Agent and Compound Microbial Fertilizer on Cadmium Accumulation in Winter Wheat

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