大豆γ-生育酚的混合遗传分析与QTL定位

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.11.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】通过对大豆γ-生育酚进行混合遗传和QTL定位分析,了解其遗传机制,定位其主效QTL,为高γ-生育酚含量大豆品种的选育奠定基础。【方法】以栽培大豆晋豆23为母本,以山西农家品种大豆灰布支黑豆为父本杂交衍生的重组自交系作为供试群体构建遗传图谱。图谱全长2 047.6 cM,平均图距8.8 cM,包括227个SSR标记,232个标记位点。重组自交系试验群体及亲本材料分别于2011年、2012年和2015年夏季在河南省农业科学院原阳试验基地种植,冬季在海南省三亚南繁试验基地种植。田间试验采取随机区组设计,2次重复。从6个环境中每个家系选取15.00 g籽粒饱满,大小一致的大豆种子,利用高效液相色谱法定性、定量测定样品中的γ-生育酚含量。采用主基因+多基因混合遗传分离分析法,对大豆γ-生育酚含量进行混合遗传分析;采用WinQTLCart 2.5复合区间作图法,对大豆γ-生育酚含量进行QTL定位分析。【结果】主基因+多基因混合遗传分析表明,γ-生育酚受2对重叠作用主基因×加性多基因控制。遗传基因分布在双亲中。三亚试验数据检测出2对主基因间上位性效应值为0.4010—0.5169和多基因的加性效应值为0.1797—0.2146,主基因遗传率为11.27%—13.05%,多基因遗传率为82.51%—86.55%,多基因效应大于主基因效应。原阳试验数据检测到2对主基因间上位性效应值为0.9646—1.8455,主基因遗传率为39.51%—58.96%,没有检测出多基因效应。采用WinQTLCart 2.5复合区间作图（CIM）共检测到9个影响γ-生育酚的QTL,分布于A1（Chr.5）、A2（Chr.8）、C1（Chr.4）、K（Chr.9）、M（Chr.7）和G（Chr.8）6条染色体中,单个QTL的贡献率为7.29%—29.55%。qγ-G-1同时在2011年原阳、2012年三亚、2015年三亚3个环境下检测到,且均定位在G（Chr.18）染色体Satt275—Satt038标记区间0.01 cM处,解释的表型变异分别为8.97%、8.12%和7.91%。qγ-A1-1同时在2011年原阳和2015年原阳2个环境下检测到,且均定位在A1（Chr.5）染色体Satt276—Satt364标记区间0.01 cM处,解释的表型变异分别为29.54%和28.23%。qγ-G-1和qγ-A1-1 2个QTL能够稳定遗传。【结论】γ-T最适遗传模型符合MX2-Duplicate-A,即2对重叠作用主基因×加性多基因模型。其遗传同时受到基因型、环境和上位性的影响。检测到γ-T的2个稳定主效QTL,Satt275—Satt038和Satt276—Satt364是共位标记区间。

关键词: 大豆, γ-生育酚, 遗传, 主基因+多基因, 基因定位, 上位性

Abstract:

【Objective】Inheritance and main QTL for the content of γ-tocopherol were detected by genetic analysis and QTL mapping. The results lay a genetic foundation for the selection of soybean varieties with high γ-tocopherol content in soybean. 【Method】The RILs were derived from a cross between Jindou23 of commercial cultivar as the female parent and Huibuzhi of farm variety from Shanxi Province as the male parent that construct genetic linkage map. The map consisting of 232 marker loci spanned a total of 2 047.6 cM in length with an average spacing of 8.8 cM between adjacent marker loci. The parent lines and the RILs were cultivated in summer at Yuanyang experimental farm of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and in winter at Sanya of Hainan province in 2011, 2012, 2015. Random block design was adopted in field experiment, and the entire planting experiment was replicated twice. 15.00 g fully filled and uniform soybean seeds from each RILs in six environments were sampled. The content of γ-tocopherol was quantitatively and qualitatively analysis by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The content of γ-tocopherol in soybean was analyzed by major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model approach. QTL for the content of γ-tocopherol in soybean were detected by composite interval mapping model using WinQTLCart 2.5. 【Result】The results showed that the content of γ-tocopherol was controlled by two pairs of main overlapping major gene × additive polygenes using major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance analysis. According to the data of Sanya, the epistasis effect value between two major genes was 0.4010-0.5169, and the additive effect value of polygene was 0.1797-0.2146. The results of Sanya experiment showed that the heritability of major gene and polygene were 11.27%-13.05% and 82.51%-86.55%, respectively. The polygene effect was greater than that of major gene effect. The data of Yuanyang experiment showed that the epistasis effect between the two major genes was 0.9646-1.8455, and the heritability of the major genes was 39.51%-58.96%. No polygenic effect was detected. QTLs resolved by using WinQTLCart 2.5 Compound Interval Mapping (CIM) analysis. Nine QTLs for the content of γ-tocopherol were mapped on chromosomes A1(Ch.5), A2(Chr.8), C1(Chr.4), K(Chr.9), M(Chr.7) and G(Chr.18), respectively. These QTL individually explained 7.29%-29.55% of the total phenotypic variation. The QTL of qγ-G-1 flanked by Satt275 and Satt038 (0.01 cM) on chromosome 8, were detected in three environmental conditions of 2011 at Yuanyang, 2012 and 2015 at Sanya, and explained 8.97%, 8.12%, 7.91% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. The QTL of qγ-A1-1 flanked by Satt276 and Satt364 (0.01 cM) on chromosomes 5, were detected in three environmental conditions of 2011 and 2015 at Yuanyang, and explained 29.54%, 28.23% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. qγ-G-1 and qγ-A1-1 can be stably expressed in different genetic backgrounds. 【Conclusion】The content of γ-tocopherol was controlled by two pairs of overlapping major Gene × additive Polygenes genetic model (MX2-Duplicate-A). Its inheritance was influenced by gene, environment, and epistasis. The two stable inheritance main-effect QTL for the content of γ-tocopherol were co-localization with marker Satt275-Satt038 and Satt276-Satt364 intervals in soybean, respectively. The co-localization marker interval has certain reference value for molecular marker assisted soybean breeding.

Key words: soybean, γ-Tocopherol, genetic, major genes plus polygene, gene mapping, epistasis

梁慧珍,许兰杰,董薇,余永亮,杨红旗,谭政委,李磊,刘新梅. 大豆γ-生育酚的混合遗传分析与QTL定位[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(11): 2149-2160.

LIANG HuiZhen,XU LanJie,DONG Wei,YU YongLiang,YANG HongQi,TAN ZhengWei,LI Lei,LIU XinMei. Mixed Inheritance Analysis and QTL Mapping for γ-Tocopherol Content in Soybean[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(11): 2149-2160.

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年份 Year	平均值Mean (μg·g^-1)		亲本差 P₂—P₁ (μg·g^-1)		RIL变幅RIL range (μg·g^-1)		GCV (%)		遗传率 h²
年份 Year	原阳 Yuanyang	三亚 Sanya	原阳 Yuanyang	三亚 Sanya	原阳 Yuanyang	三亚 Sanya	原阳 Yuanyang	三亚 Sanya	遗传率 h²
2011	111.61	100.83	-51.12	-48.77	25.59—164.15	22.85—158.31	22.66	20.08	0.509
2012	109.92	101.18	-49.90	-51.23	33.65—152.19	27.65—161.02	20.07	16.21	0.437
2015	110.26	100.66	-41.10	-44.26	20.01—158.03	31.03—165.06	24.61	22.12	0.498
平均Mean	110.60	100.88	-48.43	-48.09	20.01—164.15	22.85—165.06	22.59	19.65	0.488

性状 Trait	变异来源 Variation
	基因型Genotypes		环境Environment		基因型×环境 Genotypes×Environment		误差Error
	MS	F	MS	F	MS	F	MS
γ-T	14.1624	2.6972*	0.0358	0.0068	16.6445	3.1698**	5.2509

环境 Environment	原阳2011 Yuanyang2011	原阳2012 Yuanyang2012	原阳2015 Yuanyang2015	三亚2011 Sanya2011	三亚2012 Sanya2012	三亚2015 Sanya2015
原阳2011 Yuanyang2011	1
原阳2012 Yuanyang2012	-0.050	1
原阳2015 Yuanyang2015	0.137	0.043	1
三亚2011 Sanya2011	0.417*	0.023	-0.006	1
三亚2012 Sanya2012	0.307	0.542**	0.303	0.238	1
三亚2015 Sanya2015	0.307	-0.243	0.047	0.356	0.361	1

参数 Parameter		γ-生育酚γ-T		参数 Parameter		γ-生育酚 γ-T
参数 Parameter		原阳Yuanyang	三亚Sanya	参数 Parameter		原阳Yuanyang	三亚Sanya
最适模型Optimal model		MX2-Duplicate-A				MX2-Duplicate-A
一阶参数1st order parameter				二阶参数2nd order parameter
M	2011	8.6329	11.3909	σ_p²	2011	6.3918	2.8311
	2012	10.3476	10.4479		2012	3.8596	3.2818
	2015	7.0225	12.4529		2015	9.3853	3.0353
iab(i^*)	2011	1.6711	0.4329	σ_mg²	2011	3.4311	0.3695
	2012	0.9646	0.5169		2012	1.5250	0.4158
	2015	1.8455	0.4010		2015	5.5337	0.3420
[d]	2011		0.1797	σ_pg²	2011		2.3360
	2012		0.2146		2012		2.7899
	2015		0.1921		2015		2.6270
				h²_mg(%)	2011	53.68	13.05
					2012	39.51	12.67
					2015	58.96	11.27
				h_pg² (%)	2011		82.51
					2012		84.99
					2015		86.55

年份 Year	地点 Location	QTL	染色体 Chr.	标记区间 Marker interval	位置 Position (cM)	置信区间 Confidence interval	LOD	加性效应 Additive	R² (%)
2011	原阳Yuanyang	qγ-A1-1	A1(5)	Satt276—Satt364	12.01	7.01—14.35	3.71	0.622	29.54
		qγ-G-1	G(18)	Satt275—Satt038	0.01	0.00—5.15	2.50	-0.590	8.97
	三亚Sanya	qγ-A2-1	A2(8)	Satt315—Satt632	0.01	0.00—4.78	2.54	-1.235	9.45
		qγ-A1-2	A1(5)	Satt364—Satt382	22.24	18.35—27.11	2.63	0.621	29.55
2012	原阳Yuanyang	qγ-K_2-1	K_2(9)	Satt264—Sat_044	37.68	35.40—37.70	3.14	-1.448	12.15
		qγ-A1-3	A1(5)	Satt382—Satt593	55.77	48.12—56.69	3.18	-0.212	14.20
	三亚Sanya	qγ-A2-2	A2(8)	Satt315—Satt632	2.01	0.67—6.17	2.73	-0.711	14.31
		qγ-G-1	G(18)	Satt275—Satt038	0.01	0.00—4.73	2.56	-0.535	8.12
		qγ-M-1	M(7)	Satt220—Satt323	75.57	73.27—75.60	2.73	-0.658	10.04
2015	原阳Yuanyang	qγ-C1-1	C1(4)	Satt565—Satt578	18.82	18.80—28.97	2.99	0.355	7.29
		qγ-A1-1	A1(5)	Satt276—Satt364	12.01	8.38—15.03	3.81	0.613	28.23
	三亚Sanya	qγ-G-1	G(18)	Satt275—Satt038	0.01	0.00—7.02	2.60	-0.801	7.91