含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵生产周期的碳足迹评估

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.19.011

中国农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (19): 3946-3958.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.19.011

• 土壤肥料·节水灌溉·农业生态环境 • 上一篇下一篇

含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵生产周期的碳足迹评估

刘若辰¹^,²(), 张水勤², 许猛², 徐久凯², 袁亮², 高强¹, 李燕婷²(), 赵秉强²()

¹ 吉林农业大学资源与环境学院，长春 130118
² 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室/农业农村部植物营养与肥料重点实验室，北京 100081

收稿日期:2024-11-01 接受日期:2025-02-21 出版日期:2025-10-01 发布日期:2025-10-10
通信作者:
李燕婷，E-mail：liyanting@caas.cn。
赵秉强，E-mail：zhaobingqiang@caas.cn。
联系方式: 刘若辰，E-mail：liuruochen0003@163.com。
基金资助:
“十四五”国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1700202); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610132023012); 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03)

Carbon Footprint Assessment for the Production Cycle of Value- Added Diammonium Phosphate Containing Humic Acid

LIU RuoChen¹^,²(), ZHANG ShuiQin², XU Meng², XU JiuKai², YUAN Liang², GAO Qiang¹, LI YanTing²(), ZHAO BingQiang²()

¹ College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118
² Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arable Land in China/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081

Received:2024-11-01 Accepted:2025-02-21 Published:2025-10-01 Online:2025-10-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】对含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵生产周期的碳足迹进行核算评估与研究分析，以期为增值肥料碳足迹研究提供科学依据和理论支撑。【方法】将产品工业生产过程（从“摇篮”到“大门”）定义为产品生产周期，基于生命周期法采用PAS 2050标准对磷酸二铵和含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵产品生产周期的碳足迹进行核算研究和评估分析。【结果】（1）以纯养分（P₂O₅）量计，普通磷酸二铵和含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵产品生产周期的碳足迹分别为3 636.73和3 653.16 kg CO₂-eq·t^-1，含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵较普通磷酸二铵碳排放仅增加0.45%；以实物量（1 t 肥料产品）计，普通磷酸二铵和含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵产品生产周期的碳足迹分别为1 672.90和1 660.38 kg CO₂-eq·t^-1，含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵较普通磷酸二铵碳排放则降低了0.75%。二者碳足迹的差异只与腐殖酸增效剂的添加量相关。（2）合成氨碳足迹分别占磷酸二铵和含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵产品生产周期碳足迹的67.87%和67.57%，是两种磷肥碳足迹的最大贡献者，而由添加腐殖酸增效剂所增加的碳足迹仅占含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵产品生产周期碳足迹的0.45%。【结论】添加腐殖酸增效剂对磷酸二铵产品生产的碳排放影响很小，合成氨是磷酸二铵肥料产品生产周期碳足迹高低的最大影响因素。

关键词: 含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵, 生产周期, 碳足迹, 腐殖酸增效剂, 合成氨

Abstract:

【Objective】In this paper, the carbon footprint of value-added diammonium phosphate containing humic acid (DAPH) were analyzed, calculated, and evaluated in order to provide a scientific basis and theoretical support for the study on the carbon footprint of value-added fertilizers.【Method】The industrial production process of product (from "cradle" to "gate") was defined as the production cycle of product in this study, and the carbon footprint of diammonium phosphate (DAP) and DAPH products was calculated and evaluated referring to the life cycle assessment and PAS 2050 standard.【Result】(1) In terms of phosphorus nutrients (P₂O₅), the carbon footprint of DAP and DAPH production cycle was 3 636.73 kg CO₂-eq·t^-1 P₂O₅ and 3 653.16 kg CO₂-eq·t^-1 P₂O₅, respectively. The carbon footprint (in terms of P₂O₅) of DAPH was only increased by 0.45% compared with DAP. In terms of physical quantity (1 t fertilizer product), the carbon footprint of DAP and DAPH production cycle was 1 672.90 kg CO₂-eq·t^-1 and 1 660.38 kg CO₂-eq·t^-1, respectively, and the carbon footprint of DAPH (in terms of physical quantity) decreased by 0.75% compared with that of DAP. The difference of carbon footprint between DAP and DAPH was attributed to the addition amounts of humic acid synergist (HAS). (2) The carbon footprint of synthetic ammonia accounted for 67.87% and 67.57% of the carbon footprint of DAP and DAPH production cycle, respectively, which was the largest contributor for the carbon footprint of DAP and DAPH during the production cycle. However, the carbon footprint increased by adding HAS only accounted for 0.45% of the carbon footprint of DAPH.【Conclusion】Adding HAS had little effect on the carbon emissions during the DAP production, while synthetic ammonia was the biggest factor affecting the carbon footprint of DAP production cycle.

Key words: value-added diammonium phosphate containing humic acid, production cycle, carbon footprint, humic acid synergist, synthetic ammonia

刘若辰, 张水勤, 许猛, 徐久凯, 袁亮, 高强, 李燕婷, 赵秉强. 含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵生产周期的碳足迹评估[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(19): 3946-3958.

LIU RuoChen, ZHANG ShuiQin, XU Meng, XU JiuKai, YUAN Liang, GAO Qiang, LI YanTing, ZHAO BingQiang. Carbon Footprint Assessment for the Production Cycle of Value- Added Diammonium Phosphate Containing Humic Acid[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(19): 3946-3958.

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图/表 10

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式（1）—（10）中各代码释义"

代码 Code	释义 Interpretation
CF_DAP	普通磷酸二铵生产周期的碳足迹Carbon footprint of the production cycle of DAP
UP_sa	硫酸的上游排放量Upstream emissions of sulfuric acid
UP_po	磷矿石的上游排放量Upstream emissions of phosphate ore
UP_a	合成氨的上游排放量Upstream emissions of synthetic ammonia
CB_po	磷矿石分解释放的CO₂ Released CO₂by decomposition of phosphate rock
PE_DAP	普通磷酸二铵生产工序产生的碳排放Carbon emissions of DAP production process
CF_DAPH	含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵生产周期的碳足迹Carbon footprint of the production cycle of DAPH
UP_HAS	腐殖酸增效剂的上游碳排放量Upstream emissions of HAS
PE_DAPH	含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵生产工序的碳排放Carbon emissions of DAPH production process
MP_sa	硫酸的消耗量Sulfuric acid consumption
PE_sa	硫酸制造工序的碳排放量Carbon emissions of sulfuric acid manufacturing process
MP_py	硫铁矿的加权用量Weighted consumption of pyrite
PE_py	1 t硫铁矿的采选工序碳排放量Carbon emissions per ton pyrite mining process
TR_py	硫铁矿运输过程的碳排放Carbon emissions of pyrite during the transportation
MP_g	烟气硫酸的加权用量Weighted consumption of sulfuric acid in flue gas
98%	硫酸浓度Sulfuric acid concentration
TR_g	烟气硫酸运输过程的碳排放Carbon emissions of sulfuric acid in flue gas during the transportation
MP_su	硫磺的加权用量Weighted consumption of sulfur
TR_su	硫磺运输过程的碳排放Carbon emissions of sulfur during the transportation
MP_po	生产1 t 普通磷酸二铵或含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵的磷矿消耗量Phosphate ore consumption per ton DAP or DAPH production
PE_po	1 t磷矿石采选工序的碳排放Carbon emissions per ton phosphate ore mining process
TR_po	1 t磷标矿运输的碳排放量Carbon emissions of phosphate ore during the transportation
MP_a	生产1 t 普通磷酸二铵或含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵的合成氨消耗量Synthetic ammonia consumption per ton DAP or DAPH production
EF_a	合成氨生产的碳排放系数Carbon emissions factor of synthetic ammonia production
5%	磷矿石自身CO₂含量CO₂ content of phosphate ore
Quota_DAP	普通磷酸二铵生产工序的能耗限额Limit value of energy consumption of DAP production process
E_DAP	普通磷酸二铵生产工序中电耗在综合能耗中所占的比例 The proportion of electricity consumption in the comprehensive energy consumption during the DAP production process
TCEF_e	电力的单位tce碳排放系数Carbon emissions factor per unit tce of electricity
TCEF_ne	非电力能源的单位tce碳排放系数Carbon emissions factor per unit tce of non-electric energy
MP_HAS	生产1 t含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵的腐殖酸增效剂用量HAS consumption per ton DAPH production
MP_c	生产1 t腐殖酸的煤炭用量Coal consumption per ton HA production
EF_cm	原煤采选的碳排放系数Carbon emissions factor of coal mining process
PE_HA	腐殖酸生产工序的碳排放量Carbon emissions of HA production process
TR_HA	腐殖酸运输过程的碳排放量Carbon emissions of HA during the transportation
MP_HA	生产1 t含腐殖酸增效剂消耗的腐殖酸用量HA consumption per ton HAS production
PE_HAS	腐殖酸增效剂生产工序的碳排放量Carbon emissions of HAS production process
TR_HAS	腐殖酸增效剂运输过程的碳排放量Carbon emissions of HAS during the transportation
PE_a-s	腐殖酸增效剂添加工序的碳排放Carbon emissions of HAS addition process
D_i	各材料运输距离Transport distance of each material
UDE_i	该运输方式的碳排放系数Carbon emissions factor of this transport mode

表3

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表9

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原料类型 Type of raw materials	运输距离 Transport distance			参考来源 Reference
原料类型 Type of raw materials	公路 Highway	铁路 Railway	海运 Ocean	参考来源 Reference
磷矿 Phosphate ore	150	—	—	陈舜等^[8] CHEN S, et al ^[8]
硫铁矿 Pyrite	600	—	—	陈舜等^[8] CHEN S, et al ^[8]
烟气硫酸 Flue-process sulfuric acid	200	—	-	陈舜等^[8] CHEN S, et al ^[8]
进口硫磺 Imported sulfur	9200	—	750	陈舜等^[8] CHEN S, et al ^[8]
国产硫磺 Domestic sulfur	200	—	—	陈舜等^[8] CHEN S, et al ^[8]
腐殖酸 Humic acid	450^1）	—	—	企业生产调研 Enterprise production survey
腐殖酸增效剂Humic acid synergist, HAS	1544^2）	172	—	企业生产调研 Enterprise production survey

项目Item	数值Value	单位Unit	参考来源Reference
合成氨生产的碳排放系数EF_a	6.13	t CO₂-eq·t^-1N	陈舜等^[8] CHEN S, et al ^[8]
原煤采选的碳排放系数EF_cm^1）	0.2348	t CO₂-eq·t^-1	崔夏瑜^[28] CUI X Y ^[28]
电力的单位tce碳排放系数TCEF_e	2.38	t CE/tce	陈舜等^[8] CHEN S, et al ^[8]
非电力能源的单位tce碳排放系数TCEF_ue	0.81	t CE/tce	陈舜等^[8] CHEN S, et al ^[8]
蒸汽的单位tce碳排放系数TCEF_s	0.80	t CE/tce	陈舜等^[8] CHEN S, et al ^[8]
公路运输的碳排放系数UDE_h	0.092	kg CO₂-eq·t^-1·km^-1	吴雪妍等^[29]WU X Y, et al ^[29]
铁路运输的碳排放系数UDE_r	0.046	kg CO₂-eq·t^-1·km^-1	陈舜等^[8] CHEN S, et al ^[8]
海运的碳排放系数UDE_o	2.365	g CO₂-eq·t^-1·km^-1	陈舜等^[8] CHEN S, et al ^[8]

项目Item	普通磷酸二铵 DAP (t P₂O₅)	含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵 DAPH (t P₂O₅)
合成氨 Synthetic ammonia (t)	0.40	0.40
磷矿 Phosphate ore (t)	3.60	3.60
硫磺 Sulfur (t)	0.46	0.46
硫铁矿 Pyrite (t)	1.13	1.13
冶炼烟气 Flue-process sulfuric acid (t)	0.52	0.52
能耗 Energy consumption (tce)	0.25	0.25
电力 Electricity (kWh)	223.76	228.42
风化煤 Coal (kg)	—	27.08

生产阶段 Production phase	矿石采选 Mining of ores	原料/产品制造Manufacturing of raw materials/products	运输 Transportation	磷矿酸解 Phosphate ore decomposed with sulfuric acid	总计 Total	占比 Percent (%)
生产阶段 Production phase	kg CO₂-eq·t^-1P₂O₅					占比 Percent (%)
磷矿石开采运输 Mining and transportation of phosphate ores	176.06	—	49.68	—	225.74	6.21
硫酸生产 Production of sulfuric acid	206.41	-528.71	109.94	—	-212.36¹⁾	-5.84
合成氨生产 Production of synthesis ammonia	—	2468.29²⁾	—	—	2468.29	67.87
磷酸二铵制造工序 Production process of DAP	—	975.06	—	180.00	1155.06	31.76
总计 Total	382.47	2914.64	159.62	180.00	3636.73	100.00
占比 Percent (%)	10.52	80.14	4.39	4.95	100.00	—

生产阶段 Production phase	矿石采选 Mining of coal	原料/产品制造Manufacturing of raw materials/products	运输 Transportation	总计 Total	占比 Percent (%)
生产阶段 Production phase	kg CO₂-eq·t^-1				占比 Percent (%)
腐殖酸生产运输 Production and transportation of humic acid	243.72	29.15	12.42	285.29	99.06
腐殖酸增效剂生产工序 Production process of HAS	—	2.70	—	2.70	0.94
总计 Total	243.72	31.85	12.42	288.00	100.00
占比 Percent (%)	84.63	11.06	4.31	100.00	—

含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵生产周期的碳足迹评估

Carbon Footprint Assessment for the Production Cycle of Value- Added Diammonium Phosphate Containing Humic Acid

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计量方法 Measurement method	磷酸二铵 DAP	含腐殖酸增值磷酸二铵 DAPH	DAPH较DAP增排 DAPH increased the emissions compared with DAP	增排比例 Increase proportion (%)
计量方法 Measurement method	kg CO₂-eq			增排比例 Increase proportion (%)
以单位纯养分（P₂O₅）量计 Measured in unit of pure nutrient (P₂O₅) (t P₂O₅)	3636.73	3653.16	16.43	0.45
以单位实物量计 Measured in unit of physical quantity (t)	1672.90	1660.38	-12.52	-0.75

排放系数 Emissions factors(kg CO₂-eq·t^-1 P₂O₅)	国家/地区 Country/region	参考来源 Reference
3636.73	中国China	本文核算结果The accounting results of this article
985	中国China	徐晨等^[13]XU C, et al^[13]
2891	中国China	BRENTRUP, et al^[17]
4066	中国China	陈舜等^[8]CHEN S, et al^[8]
8978	中国China	ZHANG F F, et al^[12]
1391	欧洲Europe	BRENTRUP, et al^[17]
1587	美国America	BRENTRUP, et al^[17]
1761	俄罗斯Russia	BRENTRUP, et al^[17]

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