棉花纤维优势表达基因GhSLD1启动子的克隆和功能分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.19.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】棉花纤维是棉花的主要经济产品，是由胚珠外珠被表皮细胞经极性伸长和次生壁加厚而成的单细胞。棉花纤维细胞是最长的植物细胞之一，是研究植物细胞生长发育的理想材料。鉴定纤维细胞特异或优势表达启动子可为纤维发育的基础研究提供控制目标基因表达的调控序列，为改良纤维性状的分子育种提供依据。【方法】克隆纤维细胞优势表达基因GhSLD1的启动子，通过启动子序列分析网站PlantCARE分析克隆序列中包含的重要顺式调控元件。根据部分重要顺式调控元件的分布，对克隆启动子片段进行5′-端删除，共获得4个启动子片段，并构建了相应的植物表达载体。利用构建的植物表达载体进行烟草和棉花的遗传转化，通过转基因烟草和棉花的分子鉴定明确转基因植株。并检测转基因植株不同组织器官、纤维细胞不同发育时期的GUS活性。【结果】克隆获得最长启动子片段为2 900 bp，除了包含多个启动子必备转录调控元件外，还包含多个脱落酸响应元件、厌氧诱导元件、茉莉酸甲酯响应元件、油菜素内酯响应元件、种子特异调控元件、胁迫响应元件和MYB转录因子结合位点。通过5′-端删除获得长度分别为2 900（GhSLD-P1）、2 178（GhSLD1-P2）、1 657（GhSLD1-P3）和1 232 bp（GhSLD-P4）4个启动子片段，经分子鉴定，获得4个片段的转基因烟草，在转基因烟草中，GhSLD-P1、GhSLD1-P2和GhSLD1-P3不表达，而GhSLD-P4广泛表达，表达强度与CaMV 35S启动子相似。GhSLD1-P3和GhSLD-P4差异序列中包含4个脱落酸响应元件、2个油菜素内酯响应元件和3个MYB结合位点，这些顺式调控元件可能与GhSLD1-P1、GhSLD1-P2和GhSLD1-P3在转基因烟草中不表达有一定关系。经分子鉴定，获得GhSLD1-P2转基因棉花。GhSLD1-P2在转基因棉花纤维中优势表达，在转基因花粉中有较低的表达，在其他组织器官中几乎不表达。在纤维细胞的生长发育过程中，GhSLD1-P2在纤维细胞早期生长阶段（5 DPA）表达较低，在纤维细胞伸长期（10—15 DPA）表达水平相对较高，在纤维细胞次生壁合成期（20—30 DPA）表达水平有所降低。【结论】GhSLD1-P4启动子是一个广泛表达启动子，GhSLD1-P2启动子是一个纤维细胞优势表达启动子，在纤维细胞伸长期表达量相对较高。可应用于棉花纤维发育相关基因的功能研究和改良纤维性状的分子育种。

关键词: 棉花, 启动子, 功能分析, GhSLD1, 鞘脂delta8-去饱和酶

Abstract:

【Objective】Cotton fiber is the main economic product of cotton. It is the epidermal cells of the ovule outer integument through polar elongation and secondary wall thickening. As one of the longest plant cells, the cotton fiber cells are regarded as an ideal material in the study of plant cell growth and development. Identification of promoters specifically or preferentially expressed in fiber cells is of great significance for basic research on fiber development and molecular breeding for improving fiber traits. 【Method】In this study, we cloned the promoter of GhSLD1 gene, which is predominantly expressed in fiber cells. Through the PlantCARE website for promoter sequence analysis, we identified the important cis-regulatory elements contained in the cloned sequence. According to the distribution of some important cis-regulatory elements, the cloned promoter fragments were deleted at 5′- end. A total of 4 promoter fragments were obtained and the corresponding plant expression vector was constructed. The constructed plant expression vectors were used for genetic transformation of tobacco and cotton. The transgenic plants were identified through molecular identification of transgenic tobacco and cotton. GUS activity in different tissues, organs and fiber cells of transgenic plants at different development stages was also investigated. 【Result】The longest promoter cloned was 2 900 bp in length. In addition to a lot of transcription regulatory elements in the promoter, the sequence also contained multiple abscisic acid response elements, the elements essential for the anaerobic induction, methyl jasmonate response elements, brassinolide response elements, the elements involved in seed-specific regulation, the elements involved in defense and stress responsiveness, and MYB transcription factor binding sites. Four promoter fragments with a length of 2 900 bp (GhSLD-P1), 2 178 bp (GhSLD1-P2), 1 657 bp (GhSLD1-P3) and 1 232 bp (GhSLD-P4) were obtained by the 5′-terminal deletion, respectively. The transgenic tobacco plants were generated after confirmed by molecular identification. GhSLD-P1, GhSLD1-P2 and GhSLD1-P3 did not express in transgenic tobacco, while GhSLD-P4 is widely expressed, and the expression level of GhSLD-P4 was similar to that of CaMV 35S promoter. The different sequence between GhSLD1-P3 and GhSLD-P4 contained four abscisic acid response elements, two brassinolide response elements, and three MYB binding sites. These cis-regulatory elements may be associated with the non-expression of GhSLD1-P1, GhSLD1-P2, and GhSLD1-P3 promoters in transgenic tobacco. The transgenic cotton plants of GhSLD1-P2 were obtained after confirmed by molecular identification. GhSLD1-P2 predominantly expressed in transgenic cotton fibers, and its expression level was higher at the elongation stage (10-15 DPA) of fiber cells while lower in the early developmental stage (5 DPA) of fiber cells and the stage of secondary cell wall deposition (20-30 DPA). 【Conclusion】The GhSLD1-P4 promoter was a widely expressed promoter, and the GhSLD1-P2 promoter was a fiber predominant expression promoter, which was highly expressed during the elongation of fibers. It could be applied to the study on the gene function involved in cotton fiber development and molecular breeding for improving fiber traits.

Key words: cotton, promoter, functional characterization, GhSLD1, sphingolipid delta8-desaturase

刘芳, 徐梦贝, 王巧玲, 孟倩, 李桂名, 张宏菊, 田惠丹, 徐凡, 罗明. 棉花纤维优势表达基因GhSLD1启动子的克隆和功能分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(19): 3712-3722.

LIU Fang, XU MengBei, WANG QiaoLing, MENG Qian, LI GuiMing, ZHANG HongJu, TIAN HuiDan, XU Fan, LUO Ming. Cloning and Functional Characterization of the Promoter of GhSLD1 Gene That Predominantly Expressed in Cotton Fiber[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(19): 3712-3722.

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序号No.	功能Function	序列Sequence	正链Strand+	反链Strand-
Ⅰ	脱落酸响应元件 Abscisic acid responsiveness	CACGTG/ACGTG	4
Ⅱ	厌氧诱导元件 Anaerobic induction	AAACCA	4
Ⅲ	茉莉酸甲酯响应元件 MeJA-responsiveness	CGTCA	1
Ⅳ	油菜素内酯响应元件 Brassinolide responsiveness	CANNTG	7	3
V	MYB结合位点 MYB binding site	AACCTAA/TAACCA/ CAACCA/ TAACTG	5	2
VI	种子特异调控元件 Seed-specific regulation	CATGCATG	1
VII	胁迫响应元件 Defense and stress responsiveness	ATTCTCTAAC		1