关键词: 马铃薯块茎蛾, 性信息素, 天然产物, 生物防治, 化学合成

Abstract:

Potato is one of the four staple crops in China together with wheat, rice and maize. It plays a key role in ensuring the national food security strategy, reasonably adjusting the agricultural planting structure, and implementing the poverty alleviation strategy. With the continuous expansion of potato planting area, the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in production and storage is becoming more and more serious. Potato tuberworm (Phthorimaea operculella) is a major potato pest, which originated in America and quickly spread to all over the world. Prevention and control strategy of P. operculella mainly include agricultural, chemical and biological methods. With the increasing consciousness of environmental protection, the use of sustainable and ecological green prevention methods of P. operculella sex pheromone has attracted considerable attention of agricultural scientists, biologists and chemists, which provides the possibility to reduce the excessive use and dependence of chemical pesticides. The sex pheromones of P. operculella mainly contain two chemical structures: 4E, 7Z-tridecadiene-1-ol acetate (PTM1) and 4E, 7Z, 10Z-tridecatriene-1-ol acetate (PTM2). The discovery and structure determination process of these two sex pheromones is very tortuous. The chemical synthesis method of these two sex pheromones started in the 1970s, developed in the 1980s and 1990s, and only a few strategies were reported in the 21st century. This process witnessed the rapid development of modern organic synthetic chemistry. How to construct E and Z olefin accurately and efficiently is a challenge for synthesis of PTM1 and PTM2. The key steps of PTM1 synthetic strategy mainly include alkyne reduction or rearrangement reaction, conjugation ring opening, organosilicon induced Beckmann reaction, cross coupling reaction and so on. Up to now, only two cases were reported about the synthesis of PTM2. Due to the addition of a Z-type olefin bond in the structure, the two synthesis routes of PTM2 adopt coupling reaction to introduce diyne block, and then 7Z, 10Z-olefin was synthesis by catalytic hydrogenation reduction of diynes by Raney-Ni or Lindlar-Pd. However, most of the synthetic routes are lengthy, low selectivity of E/Z configuration, and complicated procedure. Developing a facile and efficient synthetic method of sex pheromone of P. operculella will provide the necessary material source for the wide application of green integrated prevention and control technology of P. operculella in the field. It will play a positive role in insect sex pheromone trapping technology as an important means of pest prevention and control.

Key words: potato tuberworm (Phthorimaea operculella), sex pheromone, natural product, biological control, chemical synthesis